1、八年级英语比较级和最高级复习八年级英语比较级和最高级复习 八年级英语比较级和最高级复习新目标初二英语第三册比较级最高级变化辅导教案thin thinner thinnest ht htter httest big bigger biggest ne neer neest high higher highest ld lder ldest tall taller tallest dar darer darest tall taller tallest useful re useful st useful bright brighter brightest brave braver bravest
2、 interested re interested st interested frightening re frightening st frightening dubtful re dubtful st dubtful bsure re bsure st bsure lever leverer leverest prett prettier prettiest(注意变成i) sill sillier silliest bad rse rst far farther farthest(只指距离) further furthest(用处较广;参见F,G) gd better best litt
3、le less least anuh re st ld elder eldest(仅指人) lder ldest(指人和物) fartherfarthest和furtherfurthest 以上含盖了所以的变形形式构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest 未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest 以不发音的e结尾 nie(好的) nier niest 的单音词和少数 large(大的) larger largest 以- le结尾的双 able(有能力的) abler ablest 音节词只加-r,-st
4、以一个辅音字母 big(大的) bigger biggest 结尾的闭音节单 ht热的) htter httest 音节词,双写结 尾的辅音字母, 再加-er,-est “以辅音字母+” eas(容易的) easier easiest 结尾的双音节词,bus(忙的) busier busiest 改为i,再加 -er,-est 少数以-er,- lever(聪明的) leverer leverest 结尾的双音节词 narr(窄的) narrer narrest 未尾加-er,-est 其他双音节词和 iprtant(重要的) 多音节词,在前 re iprtant 面加re,st st ipr
5、tant 构成比较级和 easil(容易地) 最高级。 re easil st easil 2) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 gd(好的)/ better best ell(健康的) bad (坏的)/ rse rst ill(有病的) ld (老的) lder/elder ldest/eldest uh/an(多的) re st little(少的) less least far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词有三种等级:原级、比较级、最高级。 3原级:句中只有一者时用原级,其标志词是ver, s, t,
6、quite等。 eg His handriting is ver gd他的书法很好。 (一个人不作比较。) 太阳、月亮和地球那个大? 形容词比较级和最高级的构成: 1一般在原级后加er 构成比较级,加est构成最高级。 eg sall saller sallest ung unger ungest 2以不发音的字母e 结尾的形容词,直接加r 或st 构成比较级和最高级。 eg nie nier niest late later latest 3以辅音字母+ 结尾的形容词,变为i ,再加er 或est, 构成比较级和最高级。 eg bus busier busiest heav heavier
7、heaviest 4在重读闭音节中,末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词,要先双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est, 构成比较级和最高级。 eg ht htter httest big bigger biggest 个别形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化,需个别记忆。 eg gd (ell) better best bad (badl, ill) rse rst an(uh) re st little less least far father farthest 或 further furthest 副词的比较级和最高级: 1以l 结尾的副词,除earl 变为 earlier 和 earliest 外,
8、 其余一律在其前加re 和st。 如:arefull re arefull st arefull 2规则变化直接加er 和 est 。 如:fast fasterfastest 3个别词是不规则变化,需要特别记忆。 如:ell better best far farther fastest badl rse rst 4句子中,副词最高级前的the 可省略也可以不省略,但形容词最高级前面的the 绝对不能去掉。 eg h runs (the) fastest, T, i r ie?形容词变副词的规则: 1一般情况下直接加“l”,如qui-quil 2以“”结尾的,先将“”改成“i”,再加“l”,
9、如happ-happil 少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-l。例如:true-trul等。 但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-l。例如:plite-plitel, ide-idel等。 形容词变副词通常是加l,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀: 一般直接加,“元e”去e加,“辅”改i加,“le”结尾e改。 分别举例如下: quiquil, truetrul, happhappil, pssiblepssibl 另外: 一、在形容词词尾直接加-l。如:real-reall; helpful-helpfull; areful-arefull; hpeful-hpefull; sl-sll;
10、 qui-quil; quiet-quietl 二、以辅音字母加结尾的形容词要变为i,然后再加-l。如:bus-busil; angr-angril; eas-easil 三、某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-或-l。如: terrible-terribl; true-trul; gentle-gentl 另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得,如:lud (ad)-alud (adv) 此外,部分名词加后缀也可变成副词,如:part-partl。 例句: It is partl her fault 有部分是她的错。 需注意: friendl; the
11、rl; lvel等词是形容词而非副词。 再看转化副词。在英语中,有些词既可以作形容词,又可以作副词,如earl, uh, fast, little, ide, lud等。 由于这类词词性虽不同,但词形却一样,这就需要大家学会在特定语境中判断它们各自的词性。例句:Than u ver uh (adv) 多谢。There is uh ater in the river (ad) 河里有很多水。The usi is t lud Please turn it dn (ad) 音乐声太大,请调低点。He speas lud enugh S everne in the r an hear hat he s
12、aid (adv) 他说话的声音很大,所以房间里每个人都能听到他的话。 另外,还有一类副词和形容词词义相同,但拼写却不同,如ell和gd。例句He speas gd English 他讲一口流利的英语。He speas English ell 他英语讲得不错。 多音节结尾的词 将改为i后加l eas-easil happ-happil heav-heavil 单音节结尾的词 直接加l ga-gal (gail) sl-sll (slil) 以ve结尾的词 去e加l true-trul 以le结尾的词 去e加 gentle-gentl pssible-pssibl 其他以e结尾的词 一律加l n
13、ie-niel ise-isel plite-plitel 以ll结尾的词 只加 full-full 以i结尾的词 加all autati-autatiall energeti-energetiall 其他形容词 均加l areful-arefull glad-gladl形容词的比较级专项 一、 变化规则; 1、 规则变化:(1)单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er或est:bright _ _; 以不发音的e字母结尾的加r,或st:large; 以辅音字母加结尾的变为I加er或est:eas; 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er或est: big 以er,结尾的双
14、音节词加er 或est:lever sl (2)多音节词前加re或st, 副词最高级前省略the (3) 部分形容词本身表示最高级,因此他们没有比较级和最高级形式:favurite rund 2、 不规则变化: gd, ell; bad, badl, ill; uh, an; little; far; ld; 注:只有少数形容词和副词有两种比较级和最高级形式:lever ld far 二、 形容词各等级的用法: 1、 原级(同级)比较:asas; nt as(s)as ell give u as uh help as e an She isnt as(s)ative in sprts as b
15、efre 2 比较级:表示两者之间比 更可用状语uh, a little, even等修饰: He ade feer istaes than I did He is even riher than I 3、 高级:形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the,后面多用f, in短语表示范围: It as the st/least interesting str I have ever listened He is the tallest f the three 4、 如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the,而且还用f the t, f the pair短语: hn is th
16、e lever f the t bs f the t bs, hn is the lever 三、 重点与难点: 1、 asas结构:你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。 ure a b as gd as T=ure as gd a b as T 2、 (1)tt与 sthat sbant的句型转换:前者为简单句,主语只有一个,而后者为复合句,主语有两个,试比较: The an as t angr t be able t spea The an as s angr that he asnt able t spea The il as t ht t drin The il as s ht that e an
17、t drin it (2) tt与 nt enugh t句型的转换: He is t ung t get arried=He is nt ld enugh t get arried The b is t diffiult fr e t read= The b is nt eas enugh fr e t read 3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义: 约翰不象迈克那么苯。hn is nt s stupid as ie hn is less stupid than ie hn is leverer than ie 4、 用比较级表示最高级:约翰是班里最高的男生。 hn is taller than
18、an ther b in the lass hn is the tallest b in the lass hn is taller than :an ther b an f the ther b all the ther b an f the thers an ne else 、 the re the re表示“越越”: The re bs u read, the ider ur nledge is The re fd u eat, the fatter u are 6、 re and re表示“越越”: re and re students realized the iprtane f a
19、 freign language ur untr is getting strnger and strnger 四、 巩固练习: (一) 写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式: lng_ _ ide _ _ fat _ _ heav_ _ sl _ _ fe_ _ brightl_ -_ babl _ _ far_ _ quil _ _ happ_ -_ unhapp_ (二)用所给词的正确形式填空: 1 f the t girls, I find Lu the _ (lever) 2 Gld(黄金) is _ (little) useful than irn(铁) 3 sister is
20、 t ears _ (ld ) than I 4 hns parents have fur daughters, and she is the _ (ung) hild The _ (heap) bags are the nt usuall the best nes 6 The shrt ne is b far _ expensive f the five 7 The b is nt s _ (interesting) as his brther 8 Di sings _ (ell), she sings _(ell) than hn, but ar sings_(ell) in her la
21、ss 9 She ill be uh _ (happ) in her e huse 10 This dress is _ that(tie, asas, expensive) (三)选择填空: 1 He feels _ tda than esterda A tired B re tired re tireder D uh tired 2 hih d u lie _, ffee, tea r il? A the rst B rse the rse D rst 3 f the t ts, the hild hse_ A the expensive ne B ne st expensive a le
22、ast expensive D the st expensive f the 4 The line is _ than that ne A re lnger B nt lnger uh re lnger D an re lnger The earth is _ the n A as 49 ties big as B 49 ties as bigger as 49 ties as big as Das big as 49 ties 6 The b is _ f the t A thinner B the thinner re thinner D the thinnest 7 She ls _ t
23、han she des A the re lder B ver lder uh lder D re lder 8 The garden is being _ A re beautiful and re B re beautiful and beautiful re and re beautiful D re beautiful and beautifuler 9 The peted(比赛) t see h uld r _ A the fastest and best B the faster and the better fastest and better D faster and bett
24、er 10_ hurr, _speed A re, less B uh, little The re, the less D The uh, the little 11 This ind f ffee is different _ A and it is als better B and better than the ther but als than thers D fr the ther, and better (四)翻译句子: 1 本书跟那本书一样有趣。This b is _ _ _ that ne 2 你游泳没有你弟弟好。u ant si _ _ _ ur brther 3 今天比昨
25、天冷的多。It is _ _ tda_ it as esterda 4 对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。This str is _ _ _ than that ne 他比我大两岁。He is _ _ _ than I 6 这个故事不如那个有趣。This str is _ _ _ than that ne 7 她的身体状况一天天好起。He is getting _ _ _ ever da 8他对英语越越感兴趣。He is being _ _ _ _ _ English 9他吃的越多,人越胖。The re he eats, the _ he gets 10你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。ur questin is _ _ _ f t
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