adj 比较级最高级.docx

1、adj 比较级最高级分类：中考综合指导1.比较级和最高级的构成1）加-er,-est构成比较级和最高级。单音节形容词和副词以不发音的-e结尾的HighhigherhighestsafesafersafestHardharderhardestlatelaterlatestsmall-smaller-smallest large-larger-largestnew-newer-newest nice-nicer-nicest辅音字母要双写的情况以辅音加-y结尾的情况BigbiggerbiggestdrydrierdriestHothotterhottestmerrymerriermerriestT

2、hinthinnerthinnest easyeasiereasiest1. 写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：1. nice _2. fat _3. slow _4. dry _5. happy _6. wet _7. thin _ 8. far _9. early _ 10. careful_15. exciting _ 16. busy _2. 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：1. Mr. Smith is_man in this office. (rich)2. Winter is_season of the years. (cold)3. This radio is

3、 not so_as that one. (cheap)4. It is much_today than yesterday. (hot)5. She is a little_than her classmates. (careful)6._people came to the meeting than last time. (many)7. Which book is_, this one or that one? (easy)8. My room is_than yours. (small)9. Hainan is _ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)10. S

4、kating is_than swimming. (exciting)11. Jim is_than all the others. (honest)12. The higher you climb, the_it will be. (cold)13.There are_boys than girls in our class. (few)2)加more, most构成比较级和最高级多音节的形容词由形容词加-ly构成的副词Expensivemore expensivemost expensiveslowlymore slowlymost slowlyCarefullymore carefull

5、ymost carefullyhighlymore highlymost highly以-ful,-less,-able,-ous,-ive, -ing等结尾的双元音形容词Uselessmore uselessmost uselessSeriousmore seriousmost serious分词形容词tired,pleased及glad,often,real, right,wrong等单音节形容词。Tiredmore tiredmost tiredGladmore gladmost glad小练习：写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _h

6、eavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _brightly_ -_ far_ _quickly _ _ happy_ -_ unhappy_1. Whichis_(big), thesun, themoonortheearth?2. Whichis_(beautiful), theblackcoatortheblueone?3. Thismooncakeis_(cheap)ofall.4. Heis_(strong)intheclass.5. Englishis_(widely) spokenintheworld.6, Now his life is becoming _and_. (di

7、fficult)7. Things are getting _ and _. (bad)3）下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级可有两种构成方法cruel crueler cruelestmore cruel most crueloften oftener oftenestmore often most oftenstrict stricter strictestmore strict most strictfriendly friendlier friendliestmore friendly most friendly4)形容词。副词的比较级和最高级的不规则构成法Good/wellbetter

8、bestBad/ill/badlyworseworstMany/muchmoremostLittlelessleastFarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestOldolder/elderoldest/eldest小练习：1. much _2 ill _3. little _4. bad _用所给词的正确形式填空：1. This dress is _ that.(twice, asas, expensive)2. Gold(黄金) is _ (little) useful than iron(铁).3. My sister is two years _ (old )

9、 than I.4. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child.5. She will be much _ (happy) in her new house.6. The short one is by far _ (expensive) of the five.7. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother.8. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(we

10、ll) in her class.2比较级的表示法：主语+be+比较级+than主语+谓语+比较级+than1)不同主语的比较，双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用比较级十 than的结构表示He is two years younger than I.表示一方不及另一方时，用 less十原级十 than的结构表示This room is less beautiful than that one2)同一主语不同方面的比较She is now happier than she has ever been用于修饰比较级的词：even, （very）much, far, a lot, still, y

11、et. a bit，a little，still，much，yet，by far注意：by far通常用于强调最高级用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加 the如He is taller by far than his brother.He is by far the taller of the two brothers.表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量，可在比较级前加上上述表示程度的副词，以加强语气。He works even harder than before.4）某些以一 or结尾的形容词进行比较时，用 to代替 than(这些词有inferior infiri低

12、人一等的 | 下等的 | 下级的， superior sju:piri上级的；优秀的，出众的；高傲的，junior（下级的，年少的），senior（年长的，高级的），prior（较早的，在先的）等Junior school小学，senior school中学例如：He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics5）在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用 that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。 that指物，one既可指人，也可指物that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词.例如：The book on the tabl

13、e is more interesting than that on the desk.A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood小练习：1 本书跟那本书一样有趣。This book is _ _ _ that one.2 你游泳没有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ _ your brother.3 今天比昨天冷的多。It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday.4 对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。This story is _ _ _ than that one.5 他比我大两岁。He is _ _

14、 _ than I.6 这个故事不如那个有趣。This story is _ _ _ than that one.7 她的身体状况一天天好起来。He is getting _ _ _ every day.8.他对英语越来越感兴趣。He is becoming _ _ _ _ _ English.9.他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats, the _ he gets.10.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Your question is _ _ _ of two二，as, little, few, elder等在比较级中的用法。as用于比较级1）。As +形容词或副词原级+asTo

15、m is as tall as Mike.2) as +形容词原形+A+名词+asHe is as good a student as you.3)倍数+as+形容词或副词原级+asThis room is three times as large as that one.提到倍数用法，补充：表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：1)A is three(four，etc) times as big(high，long，wide，etc) as B例如：Asia is four times as lareg as Europe，亚洲是欧洲的四倍大(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)2) A is three(fou

16、r，ete) times the size(height，length，width，ete) of B例如；The new building is four times the size( the height) of the old one这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍高三倍)3) A is three(four，etc) times bigger ( higher，longer，wider，etc) than B例如：Your school is three times bigger than ours，你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍(你们的学校是我们学校的

17、四倍大)用 times表示倍数，一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数表示两倍可以用 twice或 doublelittle/few和many/much的比较级和最高级以及用法1）littlelessleast修饰不可数名词2）fewfewerfewest修饰可数复数名词3）muchmoremost修饰不可数名词4）manymoremost修饰可数复数名词If you want to be thinner and healthier, youd better eat less food and take more exercise.3.a bit, a little, not a bit

18、, not a little的用法1）the +比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓：越。越。The harder he works, the happier he feels.2)比较级+and+比较级：越来越。The weather is getting colder and colder.4. elder的用法1）不能单独用作表语，因为elder不是真正意义上的比较级My sister is older( than me).My sister is elder(than me)2) 描述家庭人员出生的先后She is the older of the two.他是姐妹中较大的一个。三形容词

19、和副词最高级的用法，most/mostly/almost/at most的含义1.形容词和副词最高级的用法三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。最高级中表示比较范围的常用among, in, of 引导的介词短语或从句表示。Yesterday was the hottest day of the year.She is one of the most beautiful girls in our school.He works (the) hardest in his class.2.用于修饰最高级的词最高级可以被序数词以及much, by far, n

20、early, almost by no means，not quite，not really，nothing like等词语所修饰. 例如： This hat is by farmuchnearlyalmostnot nearlyby no means/not quitenothing like the biggest How much did the second most expensive hat coat?The Yellow River is the second longest in China.3.由 ing分词和 ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如knowknown)只

21、能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级more(most) striking, more(most) interesting, more(most) wounded, more(most)worn等。4表示最高程度的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级5. most, mostly, almost, at most的用法。most作副词，构成形容词和副词的最高级Most作副词，构成大多数双音节或多音节形容词和副词的最高级形式，前面常有定冠词。Which do you think is the most comfortable ho

22、tel in this town?2)most作副词，修饰形容词和副词，用来加强语气，表示：极，十分。前面不用定冠词。Its most dangerous to play with fire.3）most作形容词，修饰名词。Most作形容词，意为“大多数的，大部分的，几乎全部的”，修饰名词，前面不用冠词。与most of同义，但most of后的名词前必须加冠词。Most ofthestudents had left when he came.4) mostly :主要地，多半地，相当于mainlyHe uses his bike mostly for going to school5）alm

23、ost意为：几乎，相当于very nearly.He spent almost the whole day reading English.6)at most意为“最多”,与at least相对I can pay only twenty dollars at (the ) most.形容词的比较级和最高级3) 有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。 原级 比较级 最高级good/well 好的 better bestbad/ill 坏的 worse worstmany/much 多的 more mostlittle 少的 less leastfar 远的 further furthest farther farthestold 老的 older oldest elder eldest2. 形容词比较级的用法1）形容词的比较级可以单独使用： Be more careful next time. 下次小心点。 It was quieter outside. 外面安静点了。 It couldnt be easier. 不能再容易了。 This car is more expensive. 这辆车比较贵。 Who is taller? 谁高一点？ Which book is better? 哪本书更好？1. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成1）单音节词和少数双