过去完成时.docx

1、过去完成时过去完成时一、含义：过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，它表示发生的时间为 过去的过去”。二、构成：had + （ not）+过去分词般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词 +其他?肯定回答：Yes,主语+ had.否定回答：No,主语+ hadn t.例句： By the time he got to the air port, the plane had take n of.-Had the plane take n off by the time he got to the air port?-Yes,it had./No, it hadnt.

2、三、用法1.过去完成时是一个相对的时态。只有和过去的某个时间或动作相比较时才会用到。常见的时间状语（从句）由 by, before, whe n, by the end of, by the time, until等引导。He had worked in that school for three years before hecame to our school他来我们学校之前已经在那所学校工作了三年。（解析：由时间状语 before he came to our school.可知，前面是在此之前所发生的事情,表过去的过去，应该用过去完成时。）My parents had begu n t

3、o work by the time I got up.在我起床的时候我父母已经开始工作了。I had learned 1000 English words until then.到那时为止我已经学会了 1000个英语单词。2.过去完成时还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态一直延续到过去某个时间并注意：与现在完成时一样，和时间相关的要用延续性动词。The film had already bee n on for half an hour whe n Millie got to the cin ema.当Millie到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始了半个小时了。Millie到达电影（解析：

4、begin是短暂性动词，不与表示一段时间的时间状语连用；电影在院之前就开始了，是过去的过去，应当用过去完成时。）Whe n Jack arrived, Mary had bee n away since an hour ago.当杰克到达时，玛丽已经离开差不多一个小时了。拓展:非延续性动词延续性动词buyhaveborrowkee popenbe openclosebe closedbegi n/startbe oncomebe heregobe therefinishbe overdiebe deadcatch a coldhave a coldput onwearwake upbe awa

5、kefall aslee pbe aslee plosenot havejoi nbe inleavebe awayarrive/reachbe表示从句动作先于主句动作发生。3.过去完成时经常用于主句为一般过去时的宾语从句中,如在told, said, knew, heard, thought 等动词引导的宾语从句中。She said (that) she had n ever bee n to P aris.她说她从来没有去过巴黎。I thought that I had see n him before.我觉得我以前见过他。4.在表示过去概念的句子中， 常出现与完成时态连用的词， 如如:

6、already, yet, since, for, ever,never及表次数的词，此时句子常用过完成时。我昨天在街上碰到了吉姆。自从他去北京后，我们彼此没有见过面。Mary said it was at least five years since he had enjoyed a good drink.（解析：It was +时间段+since引导的从句中用过去完成时。练习题答案】 C解析】由 when we arrived 可知，主句应该用过去完成时， 首先排除 A ；由 for a few minutes可知，谓语动词应该用延续性动词。答案】 C过去的过去，应该用过去完成时。答案】

7、B4 I hear the beginning of this movie is very exciting答案】 C5 The meeting之前就开始了，是过去的过去，应当用过去完成时。by the time I got there yesterday答案】 C解析】 “我昨天到那儿 ”是过去的事情， “会议开始 ”发生在 “我到那儿 ”之前，应是过去的过去。故用过去完成时。my keys at home6. By the time I locked the door ， I realized I答案】 D要用 leave ，时态是过去完成时。答案】 D解析】 “我们自从中学毕业后就没有见

8、过面 ”是发生在昨天之前的事，应当用过去完成时；since 是介词，后面用动名词。8. Helenher keys in the office so she had to wait until her答案】 C家”之前。9 By the time I got up, my mother答案】 B【解析】by the time意为 在之前”根据语境可知 离开”这一动作发生在 起床”之前,根据 got up 为过去式，判断使用过去完成时表达。party 答案】 D解析】 guests 先“离开”， Tom 后“到达”。11 Why are you late again?答案】 B答案】 B【解析】

9、由“ by the time+表示过去的时间状语从句 ”可知，主句应该用过去完成时。答案】 DD。解析】句意：到上个月月末为止，他已经参军一年半了。由句意可知应该用过去完成时， 首先排除 A 和 C， join 是瞬间动词，不能和时间段连用，因此答案为15Did you see Mr Smith when you were in France?答案】 C答案】 D用过去完成时。解析】由 by the end of last year 可知，应该用过去完成时。17Did you meet Tom at the airport?答案】 D解析】由语境可知， by the time 后引导的时间状语

10、从句应该用一般过去时表过去的时间 点，主句则应该用过去完成时表示在过去的过去所发生的事情。18.We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday.( 用过去完成时连接两句 )weBefore we 19.He showed us the picture. Then he showed us around the house.用过去完成时连接两句 )heBefore he14.After we had had our tests, we had a long holiday.15. Before he showed us around the house,

11、 he had showed us the picture.1I had sold the ticket when she came. (改否定句)I hadnt sold the ticket when she came.2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.（改否定句）She had nt sung a song to us before she dan ced.5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.（改一般疑问）Had Lucy completed the pr

12、oject when I arrived yet?By nine o clock yesterday evening, weour workhave fini shedB. finishedhad fini shedD. finish【答案】C【解析】由by后的时间状语可知，应该用过去完成时。2. Wefour thousa nd newwords by the end of last yearA. learnedB. had learnedC. have learnedD. will learn【答案】Ball the exercisesbefore my teacher collected

13、 the exercise booksA . have fini shedB.fini shedfinishC . had fini shed【答案】C【解析】 从 before my teacher collected可知时态应用过去完成时，故答案是C。my En glish textbook at4 . Just before the English class , I suddeniy realized that Ihome .A. forgotB . had forgottenC .leftD. had left【答案】D【解析】本句表示动作发生在过去的过去”，且句中有at home地

14、点状语，只能用leave ,所以答案选D。家庭作业A. studied, had gone B. had studied, went C. has studied, goes D. had studied, h ad gone解析：他去北京之前在上大学学习了 4年”。在上海学习的动作发生在去北京之前，因此第一个空应用过去完成时。此题选a good drink.2. Mary said it was at least five years since heA. enjoyed B. was enjoying C. had enjoyed D. would enjoyC。解析：It was +时间

15、段+since引导的从句中用过去完成时。应选A. has been in B. had been in C. had been to D. had gone to解析：”小培说她去了海南三个月 ”。have been to和have gone to都是短暂性的动词短语。所以适应表示状态的 have been in.应选B.答案：D答案：A1.Theybegan to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks.(否定)They did nt begi n to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks.2.By the time he got to the air port, the plane had take n off.(改一般疑问)Had the plane take n off by the time he got to the air port?3.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry.(改一般疑问)Had you been very hungry by 10:00 a.m?