高中英语人教版选修6Unit 3 SectionⅣ.docx

1、高中英语人教版选修6Unit 3 Section Section_Learning_about_Language_&_Using_Language原文呈现读文清障HIV/AIDS: ARE YOU AT RISK？HIV is a virus. A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease. There are many different viruses, for example, the flu virus or the SARS virus. HIV weakens a persons immune system; th

2、at is, the part of the body that fights disease. You can have HIV in your blood for a long time, but eventually HIV will damage your immune system so much that your body can no longer fight disease. This stage of the illness is called AIDS. If you develop AIDS, your chances of survival are very smal

3、l.HIV is spread through blood or the fluid that the body makes during sex. For a person to become infected， blood or sexual fluid that carries the virus, has to get inside the body through broken skin or by injection. One day scientists will find a cure for HIV/AIDS. Until that happens, you need to

4、protect yourself. Here are some things you can do to make sure you stay safe.at risk 处境危险；遭受危险HIV(Human Immunodeficiency Virus)人体免疫缺损病毒(艾滋病病毒)SARS(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)非典型性肺炎(严重急性呼吸道综合征)immune/Imjun/adj.有免疫力的AIDS/eIdz/(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)艾滋病(后天免疫缺损综合征)chances此处指“某事发生的可能

5、性”。survival/svaIv l/n.幸存fluid/fluId/n.流体；液体sex/seks/n.性；性别infected adj.受感染的a cure for . 治疗的方法you can do是省略引导词that的定语从句，修饰some things; you stay safe是make sure的宾语从句。HIV病毒/艾滋病：你是否面临危险？HIV是一种病毒(人体免疫缺损病毒)。病毒是引发疾病的微生物。它有许多不同的种类，如流感病毒或SARS病毒。HIV病毒会削弱人体的免疫系统，即身体里与疾病抗衡的那个部分。在你的血液中，HIV病毒可以长期存在，但是它最终会使你的免疫系统严重

6、受损，以致你的身体不能再抵抗疾病。这种疾病到了这个阶段就叫艾滋病。如果你得了艾滋病，幸存的可能性很小。HIV是通过血液或性交时产生的液体传播的。携带病毒的血液或性交时的液体必须通过皮肤上的创口或通过注射才能进入人体，使人受感染。将来总有一天，科学家会找到医治HIV病毒或艾滋病的方法的。在找到之前，你必须保护你自己。你可以按照这里列举的一些注意事项去做，以确保自己的安全：If you inject drugs：do not share your needle with anyone else. Blood from another person can stay on or in the nee

7、dle. If a person has HIV and you use the same needle, you could inject the virus into your own blood.do not share anything else that a person has used while injecting drugs. Blood could have spilt on it.If you have sex with amale or a female.use a condom. This will prevent sexual fluid passing from

8、one person to another.inject/Indekt/vt.注射injection/Indekn/n.注射；注射剂needle/nidl/n.针；(注射器的)针头could/can have done 可能会；可能已经spill/spIl/(spilt, spilt)vi.溢出；洒落vt.使溢出；使洒落male/meIl/n.男人；雄性动(植)物adj.男性的；雄性的female/fimeIl/n.雌性的动(植)物；女人adj.女性的condom/kndm/n.避孕套prevent . from doing sth. 制止/防止做某事假如你要注射药物：不要同别人共用注射针。别

9、人的血液可能会留在针头内外。如果某人有HIV病毒，而你又用了同一个注射针，你就有可能把病毒注入你自己的血液中。在注射药物时，不要使用别人用过的其他任何东西。血液可能会溅到这些物品上来。假如你同一个男人或女人性交：要使用避孕套。它可以防止性交时产生的液体的传入。The following statements are NOT true.A person cannot get HIV the first time they have sex. WRONG. If one sexual partner has HIV, the other partner could become infected.

10、You can tell by looking at someone whether or not they have HIV. WRONG. Many people carrying HIV look perfectly healthy. It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.Only homosexuals get AIDS. WRONG. Anyone who has sex with a person infected with HIV/AIDS risk

11、s getting the virus. Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men.the first time意为“第一次的时候”，引导时间状语从句。tell此处表示“判断；辨别”。whether or not .是宾语从句。现在分词短语作定语，修饰many people。此为强调句型，被强调部分为时间状语从句only when .。homosexual/hmsekl/n.同性恋 adj.同性恋的who引导定语从句修饰anyone，从句中过去分词短语infected with .作a person的后置定语。其中an

12、yone who .whoever .。be likely to do 可能做下列这些说法都是错误的。初次性交的人不可能染上HIV病毒。错了。如果性交的一方有HIV病毒，另一方就有可能被传染上。通过观察你可以看出某人是否带有HIV病毒。错了。许多HIV病毒携带者看上去十分健康。只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。只有同性恋才得艾滋病。错了。任何人如果同感染了HIV病毒/艾滋病的人性交都有染上这种病毒的危险。女性感染病毒的可能性比男性稍微大一些。If you hug, touch or kiss someone with AIDS or visit them in their home

13、, you will get HIV/AIDS. WRONG. You can only get the disease from blood or sexual fluid. Unfortunately, people with HIV sometimes lose their friends because of prejudice. Many people are afraid that they will get HIV/AIDS from those infected with HIV/AIDS. For the same reason, some AIDS patients can

14、not find anyone to look after them when they are sick. You can get HIV/AIDS from mosquitoes. WRONG. There is no evidence of this.If you hug ., you will get ., if引导条件状语从句，在含有条件状语从句的主从复合句中，若主句为一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表示将来。prejudice/preddIs/n.偏见；成见不定式短语to look after them作目的状语；when引导时间状语从句。evidence n证据evident ad

15、j.明显的如果你同艾滋病患者拥抱、接触或亲吻，或者去他们家做客，你就会(从他们那里)感染上HIV病毒或得艾滋病。错了。你只可能通过血液或性交时的液体传染上这种病。不幸的是，由于偏见，HIV病毒携带者有时会失去他们的朋友。许多人担心他们会从HIV病毒携带者或艾滋病患者那儿染上HIV病毒或感染上艾滋病。由于相同的理由，有些艾滋病患者在生病时找不到任何人来照顾他们。蚊子可以传染HIV病毒和艾滋病。错了。(目前)还没有证据说明这一点。Step 1Read the text and answer the following questions.1Scan the text and choose the

16、main idea for each part.Part 1 AWays to protect yourself.Part 2 BSome wrong statements about AIDS.Part 3 CBackground information about HIV/AIDS.答案：Part 1C, Part 2A, Part 3B2The passage tells us about _.Asome common understanding of HIV/AIDSBscientists have found a cure for HIV/AIDSCways to protect o

17、urselvesDthe definition of HIV/AIDS and the warning to us答案：DStep 2Choose the best answers according to the text.1You can get HIV through _.Ahaving meals with the patients with AIDSBkissing someone with AIDSCinjecting drugs using the same needleDtouching someone infected with HIV2We can infer from t

18、he passage that _.AHIV is the same as AIDSBHIV is different from AIDSCHIV weakens a persons immune systemDyou can have HIV in your blood for quite a long time3In order to stay safe, you _.Ashould not use the needle someone else has usedBhave to avoid using anything else that the person has used whil

19、e injecting drugsCshould use a condom if you have sex with another personDall of the above4The passage is a(n) _.Aadvertisement BstoryCposter Dnews report答案：14CBDC一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.appendixn 附录；附件2.pilln. 药丸；药片3.needlen. 针；(注射器的)针头4.prejudicen. 偏见；成见5.cigarn. 雪茄烟6.awkwardadj. 局促不安的；笨拙的.拓展词汇1

20、.illegaladj.不合法的；违法的legal(反义) adj.合法的2.survivaln幸存survive vi.幸存；活下来survivorn幸存者；生还者3.maleadj.男性的；雄性的 n男人；雄性动(植)物female(反义) adj.女性的；雌性的 n女人；雌性的动(植)物4.judgementn看法；判决；判断judge v判决5.embarrassedadj.尴尬的；陷入困境的embarrass vt.使局促不安embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的1.needle n(注射器的)针头；针词块a needle and thread针线sit on pins and

21、 needles如坐针毡2.prejudice n偏见；歧视词块PrideandPrejudice 傲慢与偏见3.cigar n雪茄烟联想cigarette n香烟tobacco n烟草；烟丝词块smoke a cigarette 吸烟4.awkward adj.笨拙的；令人不舒服的联想clumsy adj.笨拙的；不得体的5.后缀al名词荟萃survivesurvival幸存removeremoval 移动；去除refuserefusal 拒绝denydenial 否认arrivearrival 到达approveapproval 赞成二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.in_spit

22、e_of不顾；不管；尽管2take_risks/a_risk 冒险3get_into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)4at_risk 处境危险；遭受危险5out_of_breath 上气不接下气6make_up_ones_mind 下定决心1.cause disease引发疾病2the flu virus 流感病毒3immune system 免疫系统4fight disease 抵抗疾病5chances of survival 生存几率6become infected 受感染三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1. . but eventually HIV will damage your immune

23、system so much that your body can no longer fight disease.但是它最终会使你的免疫系统严重受损，以致你的身体不能再抵抗疾病。so .that .意为“如此以至于”；that引导结果状语从句。The dough figurine he made was_so_beautiful_that we couldnt wait to have a try ourselves.(2015北京高考满分作文)他做的面人是如此漂亮，以至于我们迫不及待地想亲自试一试。2.Do not share anything else that a person has

24、 used while injecting drugs.在注射药物时，不要使用别人用过的其他任何东西。while后接分词短语构成省略句，省略了主语和be动词。People can enjoy the moon while_eating_moon_cakes,_which are the special food for this festival. 人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。3.Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men. 女性感染病毒的可能性比男性稍微大一些。be likely to do

25、sth.意为“有可能做某事”。Once people have seen that something actually works, they are_much_more_likely_to_accept change. 一旦人们看到有些东西确实奏效，那他们可能会更容易接受变化。 1(教材P20)In spite of all his efforts he failed. He was so upset about himself that he felt like crying.尽管他很努力还是失败了，他伤心地想哭。 in spite of不顾；不管；尽管；虽然In spite ofhis

26、 age, he still leads an active life.尽管年事已高，他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。We went out in spite ofthe heavy rain.We went out in_spite_of_the_fact_that it rained heavily.Although/Though it was raining heavily, we went out.尽管下着大雨，我们还是出去了。2(教材P20)He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead oftaking risks.他觉得

27、每一步都得作出决定而不是冒险。 take risks/a risk冒险(1)take/run the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事at risk 有风险at the risk of . 冒着风险(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事Men who had been stressed tended to take more risks while women responded in the opposite way.男性在压力下更容易冒险，然而女性却完全相反。It is not worthwhile to take the risk of offending yo

28、ur boss just to get such a small sum of money.仅是为拿到那一点钱就去冒险触怒老板，不值得。Your health might be at_risk due to much smoking.由于吸烟太多，你的健康可能受到威胁。 He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.他对面试作了充分的准备，因为他不想冒失去这一次好机会的危险。 3(教材P20)Of course the best way to d

29、eal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先就别养成(吸毒的)习惯。 get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)get into/form the habit of 养成的习惯get into trouble/debt 陷入麻烦/债务Ive got into the habit ofcalling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.我已养成了在放学回家的路上看望祖父母的习惯。If you continue spe

30、nding money like this, youll get_into_debt.如果你继续这样花钱，(总有一天)你会负债的。get across (使)通过；(使)被理解； (把)讲清楚get along/on 进展；相处get away 逃脱；离开get down to 开始认真工作He gets across well, doesnt he?他说话很透彻，是不是？The business is getting along/on very well.生意进行得很不错。4(教材P23)Before you read this text, whatjudgements did you make about people with HIV/AIDS?在阅读这篇课文之前，你对感染艾滋病病毒的人有什么看法？ judgement n看法；判断；判决(1)in ones judgement 在某人看来pass judgement on 对