沪教版七年级下册Unit6Electricity单词和语法.docx

1、沪教版七年级下册Unit6Electricity单词和语法初中英语教学辅导讲义教师姓名学生姓名上 课 时 间辅导科目英 语年 级七（下） 上 课 表 现 课题名称第六讲：Unit 6 Electricity教学目标知识点：情态动词：can, may和must的用法考点: 1. 考察本单元单词短语及句型 2. 考察本单元语法知识运用能力： 1. 学习并会灵活运用本单元词汇短语及句型 2. 准确运用本单元语法点：情态动词 3. 完型阅读能力训练方法：练习归纳Step 1 Homework Checking 作业讲评； 词汇短语听写：单词得分 短语得分 上节课知识点回顾。Step 2 Warming

2、-up 经典广告（二）Step 3 Phonetic Symbols语音基础小练习：选出下列每组单词中音节数目与其他三项不同的一项。( ) 1. A. bottom B. reply C. continue D. return( ) 2. A. test B. fat C. fridge D. journey( ) 3. A. major B. enjoy C. tidy D. oxygen( ) 4. A. remember B. perfect C. potato D. furniture( ) 5. A. favourite B. harmful C. produce D. airpor

3、tStep 4 Language LearningUnit Six Electricity单词归纳n.electricity, conversation, rule, wire, cable, moment, battery, cooker, fridge, bulbv.identify, reply, connect, lock, test, tidy, touchadj.foolishpron.anyone【单词重点讲解】1. electricity n. 电e.g. Can you get me a packet of electricity? 你能给我一包电吗？ 【解析】（1）elec

4、tricity 意思是“电”，常常用作不可数名词（2）这个单词共有五个音节：e-lec-tri-ci-ty e.g. We use electricity to run machines. 我们使用电力来运行机器。 We need electricity all day long. 我们整天都需要电。【拓展】 electric adj. 导电的；电动的；电的 electrical adj. 与电有关的；用电的；电的【典型例题】 ( ) I dont want to live in a village without . A. electric B. electrical C. electric

5、ity D. electricities2. anyone pron. 任何人e.g. Does anyone want anything? 有人要（买）什么东西吗？ 【解析】（1）anyone 意思是“任何人”；anything 意思是“任何东西”，它们都是不定代词，为单数。（2）常常用在一般疑问句和否定句中。e.g. He didnt tell anyone about his address. 他没有把他的地址告诉任何人。 Does he want anything to eat? 他想吃什么东西吗？【拓展提高】 其他不定代词有：物人地点some-somethingsomeone/som

6、ebodysomewhereany-anythinganyone/anybodyanywhereno-nothingno one/nobodynowhereevery-everythingeveryone/everybodyeverywhere【典型例题】( ) 1. Im hungry. I want _ to eat. 【中考真题】 A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing( ) 2. _is too difficult if you put your effort into it. 【中考真题】 A. Anything B. So

7、mething C. Nothing D. Everything( ) 3. -The story is so amazing! Its the most interesting story Ive ever read. 【中考真题】 -But Im afraid it wont be liked by_. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody( ) 4. Julie enjoys listening to music very much. 【中考真题】She often says to me that_ is more interesti

8、ng than music.A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything( ) 5. -Is your sister ill? 【中考真题】-Yes, but _, only a little cold.A. serious anything B. nothing seriousC. serious nothing D. anything serious 3. moment n. 瞬间；片刻e.g. Id like to talk to you for a moment. 我想和你谈谈。 【拓展】与moment 相关的短语：a moment

9、 ago 刚刚;刚才 at the moment 现在;此刻wait a moment 等一会儿 at the moment 此时此刻 for the moment 暂时 in a moment 过一会儿 at any moment 任何时刻4. battery n. 电池e.g. The chemicals inside batteries produce electricity. 电池里面的化学物质产生电。 【注意】battery 意思是“电池”，是可数名词，复数形式为batteries。 e.g. The calculator needs a new battery. 计算机需换新电池。

10、5. cooker n. 厨灶，炉具【短语】rice cooker 电饭煲【拓展】cook v.烹调；n.厨师 e.g. A cook is cooking some rice with the cooker now. 一个厨师正在用炊具煮米饭。6. fridge n. 冰箱 （它也称为 refrigerator） e.g. Help yourself to the food in the fridge. 请随便吃冰箱里的食物。短语归纳ReadingListening Grammara packet of 一袋in packets 几包的；成包的look foolish 看上去很傻flow t

11、hrough 流经in a way 在某种程度上(be) connected to 连接到power station 发电站Here you are. 给你。washing machine 洗衣机rice cooker 电饭煲think of 想到useto do 用去做play the guitar 弹吉他rode a bicycle 骑自行车play chess 下棋as manyas 和一样多的be ready to do 准备好去做take the medicine 吃药share sth. with sb. 与分享/共用go out alone 独自外出Speaking Writin

12、gswitch off 关（点灯、机器等）a light bulb 电灯泡test the water 测试水温take a bath 沐浴tidy up 收拾妥；整理好air conditioner 空调make rules 制定规则ask sb. to do sth. 要某人做某事More Practicesafety tips 安全提示turn on 打开（电器类）turn off 关闭（电器类）at least 至少make sure 确保care about 关心since then 从那以后more and more 越来越多的be careful with 小心Projectdi

13、videinto 把分成onethe other 一个另一个spendon 花在上面【短语句型重点讲解】1. She cant buy electricity in packets like sweets. 她不能买像糖果一样包好的电。 【短语】in packets 意思是“装在包里的”。类似词组：a packet of(一包) e.g. Children will get money in red packets as a new years gift. 孩子们会得到装在红包里的压岁钱作为新年礼物。【典型例题】 翻译： 1. 你能帮我买三包盐吗？ 2. 我能买到包装的电。 2. It flo

14、ws through wires. Its like water, in a way. 它（电）流过电线。在某种程度上，它就像水。【解析】（1）through 意思是“穿过”，是一个介词，常常指在物体的内部穿过。 e.g. The Changjiang River flows through China. 长江流过中国。Its dangerous for you to walk through the forest alone. 你独自穿过森林是危险的。 （2）in a way 意思是“在某种程度上”。 e.g. In a way, I agree with you. 在某种程度上，我同意你的

15、看法。【拓展】 by the way 顺便说说 on ones way to 在某人去的路上 in this way 以这种方式； in the way 在路上；挡道3. These are connected to cables under the street. 他们（电线）被连接到地下电缆。【短语】 be connected to 意思是“被连接到” e.g. On the new network, all telephones will be connected to other countries. 在新网路上，所有的电话都将连到别的国家。【拓展】connect sth. to/wi

16、th 把和连接起来4. We use a lot of electrical appliances in our homes every day. 我们每天在家里使用很多电器。 【短语】 electrical appliance 意思是“电器”。electrical 是形容词（e-lec-tri-cal）。 e.g. Can people in modern times live without electrical appliance? 现代人没有电器能生活吗？ The hairdryer is one of the small electrical appliances. 电吹风是小家电产

17、品之一。 5. Keep the outside of the pot dry. 保持锅外部干燥。 【解析】keep sb./sth adj. 意思是“保持（某人/某物）怎样”，此处的形容词用于修饰sb./sth. e.g. We must keep our classroom clean every day. 每天我们必须保持课室干净。 【拓展】 (1) keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词 意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。(2) keep doing sth. 连续不断地做某事，一直做。强调不断重复的动作。(3) keep sb./ sth. doing sth. 让某人不断地

18、做某事(4) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事e.g. We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须防止他们知道我们的计划。 【典型例题】( ) 1. Do you know how to keep yourself _ when you are in danger? A. safely B. safety C. safe D. save 2. 我们必须阻止人们伐树。 3. 我爸爸一直工作到半夜。 【课堂基础练习】一、根据句意及所给的首字母提示写出所缺单词，并注意其形式。1. When you re

19、ad books in the library, you must obey the r_.2. Is a_ worried about the English exam?3. You shouldnt make such a f_ mistake.4. The little boy went to bed. A m_ later, he fell asleep.5. The girl is shy. She cant start a c_ with strangers easily.6. The scientists says we can use wind to produce e_.7.

20、 If you cant eat all the meat, you can put it in the f_.8. Dont t_ the hot iron, or it will hurt your hand.9. My toy car doesnt run because the b_ is used up.10. I want to t_ your IQ by answering these questions.二、根据中文意思，完成下列句子。1. 妈妈买了一袋苹果和一箱牛奶。 Mum bought _ _ _ apples and a box of milk.2. 这条电线与电视机相

21、连。 The wire _ _ _ the TV.3. 我的姐姐正在整理她的房间。 My sister is _ _ her bedroom.4. 你发完邮件后别忘记关电脑。 Dont forget to _ _ the computer after you send the email.5. 请确认每个学生都在教室里。 Please _ _ every student is in the classroom.6. 在某种程度上，长假期有时会令人感到无聊。 _ _ _, long holidays are sometimes boring.三、从方框中选择适当的短语填空，并注意其形式。wash

22、ing machine be careful with, sharewith,air conditioner, take the medicine switch on, go out alone1. We should _ the electricity. Its dangerous.2. In hot summer, most families use _ to help them sleep well.3. Will you _ your photos _ me?4. She was ill but she didnt want to _.5. Please _ the computer.

23、 I need to type some letters.6. Dont _ at midnight. Its not safe.7. Nobody washes clothes at my home, but the _ does the work.【语法归纳】情态动词can, may和must【定义】1、情态动词是一类用于表示说话人的语气和情态的助动词。2、常表示命令、请求、拒绝、义务、可能、需要等。【专题精讲】一、can/could； cant/couldnt (否定)1) 表示能力, 意为“能、会” 如：I can speak a little English.I cant swim.

24、- Can you ride a bike? - Yes, I can. / No, I cant. 2) 表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以、能”等 如：You can go home now. You cant stop your car here.- Can I borrow your bike? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant.3) 用于否定句、疑问句中，表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定. 如：Lucy cant be at home now, she went to the park just now. Where can it be? I cant fin

25、d my football.【技能必备】1）could 是can的过去式, 有两种用法：一种表示过去式；一种用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在。2）be able to 意为“有能力，能够做.”, 相当于can/could, 但它有人称，数和时态的变化。二、may; may not (否定)1) 表示“请求，许可”，此时与 can 同义，可以互换使用 如：-May I borrow your bike? - Yes, you may. / No, you may not. -Can I borrow your bike? - Yes, you can. / No,

26、 you cant.2) may/might表示不太肯定的猜测，意为“有可能”如：Lucy may come to school late today.It might rain today.【技能必备】might 是may 的过去式, 有两种用法：一种表示过去式；一种表示更加委婉, 客气的语气或对可能性的怀疑。 三、must; mustnt (否定)1) must (“必须”, 表示命令)， mustnt (“一定不能”, 表示强烈禁止) 如：You must go to bed before 22:00pm. You mustnt play with fire. Its dangerous

27、!-Must I write down the sentences？ -No, you neednt. (-No, you dont have to.) 【技能必备】在回答must的疑问句中，否定回答用neednt或dont have to表示“不必”，不用mustnt2) must 还可以表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定”如：The girl in a red skirt must be Lucy. 3) must/ have to 的区别：. must表示必须，强调主观上的愿望；have to表示“不得不”，强调客观需要 如：You must go be bed before 22:00 p

28、.m.My bike is broken, so I have to go to school on foot. have to 有人称、数、时态的变化；must则没有。如：I have to clean the classroom today. She has to finish her homework first.It was late, he had to go to school without breakfast.2、人们通常处理垃圾的方法有填埋或焚烧。【要点归纳】22、绿色植物的一些细胞能进行光合作用，制造养料，它们好像是一个个微小的工厂。1、情态动词无人称和数的变化, 4、“我迈出了一小步，但人类迈出了一大步。”这句话是阿姆斯特朗说的。2、情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 not。 21、人们发现银河系以外还有类似银河系一样庞大的恒星集团，如：仙女座星系、猎犬座星系，目前人类已发现了超过100亿个河外星系。3、个别情态动词有过去式, 过去式用来表达更客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在。7、我们每个人应该怎样保护身边的环境？【课堂练习】3、苍蝇落在竖直光滑的玻璃上，不但不滑落，而且还能在上面爬行，这和它脚的构造有关。蟋蟀的耳朵在足的内侧。蝴蝶的翅膀上布满彩色小鳞片，其实是扁平的细毛。一、单项选择。( ) 1. Annie