1、中英对照英美文学知识大全英美文学知识第一节英国文学一、古英语时期的英国文学 (约499-1066)1.诗歌Alliteration - Beowulf贝奥武甫-national epicCaedmon (开德蒙)An the m赞美诗Cynewulf (基涅武甫)Dream of the Rood十字架之梦2.散文Bede (比德)Historia Ecclesiastica Gen tis An glorum 英吉利人教会史Ki ng Alfred(阿尔弗雷德大帝)Wessex - Father of English Prose ( 央国散文之父”);Anglo-Saxon Chronicl
2、e 盎格鲁-撒克逊编年史二、中古英语时期的英国文学 (14世纪-15世纪)1. Allegory - Roma nee - Sir Gawai n and the Green Knight 咼文爵士和绿衣骑士2. Ballad - The Robin Hood Ballads 罗宾汉民谣集3. William Langland ( 威廉?兰格伦)The Visio n Concerning Piers the Plowma n农夫皮尔斯的幻想4. Geoffrey Chaucer ( 杰弗里?乔叟)Father of En glish Poetry ( 英国诗歌之父” );The Can te
3、rbury Tales坎特布雷故事集;-octosyllabic & heroic couplet ( 八音节央雄双韵体)5. Sir Thomas Malory ( 托马斯?马洛礼)Le Morte d Arthur亚瑟王之死三、文艺复兴时期的英国文学 (15世纪末-17世纪中期)1. Humanism - classic culture2. Thomas More ( 托马斯?莫尔)Utopia乌托邦;The Pa inful Life of EdwardV Historie of Richard the Third 理查德三世传3. Thomas Wyatt ( 托马斯?怀亚特),Hen
4、ry Howard ( 亨利?霍华德)-Sonnet4. Philip Sidney ( 菲利浦?锡德尼)Arcadia阿卡迪亚-第一篇田园生活的传奇,“现代长篇小说的先驱”;The Defence of Poesie / Apology for Poetry诗辩-人文主义文学的宣言,开创近代英国的文学批评5. Edmund Spencer ( 埃德蒙?斯宾塞)poet poet - Spencerian stanza - 9 行(ababbcbcc)8 iambic pen tameter + 1 iambic hexameter;The Faire Queene仙后被誉为 央国文艺复兴时
5、期 “最 杰出的 史诗” nationalism, humanism,purita nism6. Christopher Marlowe Tamburlaine帖木耳大帝;The Tragical History of Doctor(克里斯托弗?马娄) Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧历史7. William Shakespeare2首长诗,154首十四行诗,37部戏剧(威廉?莎士比亚)长诗Venus and Adonis维纳斯和阿多尼斯; The Rape of Lucrece露克丽丝受辱记十四行诗iambic pen tameter - 14 (abab cdcd efef gg)3 qua
6、trains + 1 couplet = Shakespearean sonnet戏 剧悲剧Hamlet, Ki ng Lear, Othello, Macbeth喜剧A Midsummer Night s Dream; The Merchant of Ven ice; As You Like It 皆大欢喜;Twelfth Night历史剧Henry VI, Henry IV, Richard III传奇剧Pericles泰尔亲王配力克里斯;Cymbeline辛 白林;The Win ter s Tale ; Tempest暴风雨8. Ben Jon so n ( 本?琼森)comedy o
7、f manners ( 风俗喜剧的奠基人 ); Every Man In His Humor人性互异9. John Donne ( 约翰?多恩)Metaphysical Poems ( 玄学派 诗歌创始人 );Songs and Sonnets歌曲与十四行诗10. George Herbert ( 乔治?赫伯特)the saint of the Metaphysical school ( 玄学派诗圣”);The Temple神殿11. An drew Marwell (安德鲁?马韦尔)诗风结合了玄学派和古典主义的创作特点 ;To His Coy Mistress 致他的娇羞女友12. Fran
8、cis Bacon ( 弗朗西斯?培根)Materialism; Essays随笔(Of Study, OfTruth );The Adva nceme nt of Lear ning 学术的推进 ;The New Instrument新工具四、资产阶级革命及启蒙时期的英国文学 (17世纪末,18世纪)1. the En lighte nment: liberty, equality, democracy2. 18世纪的央国文学前30年:neo-classicism ( 崇尚古典文学的创作及美学原则 )40年代到80年代:realism80 年代以后: sen time ntalism & p
9、re-roma nticism ( 崇尚情感)3. John Milt on ( 约翰?弥尔顿)Defe nee of the En glish People 为英国人民而辩;Second Defence of the En glish people 为英国人民再辩;Paradise Lost (blank verse, 旧约);Paradise Regained (新约);Sams on Agoni stes力士参孙 (poetical drama, closet drama)4. John Bunyan ( 约翰?班扬)The Pilgrim s Progress天路历程-宗教寓言,Van
10、ity Fair5. Joh n Dryde n ( 约翰?德莱顿)Alexander s Feast亚历山大的宴会;Absalom and Achitophel押沙龙与阿齐托菲尔 ;The Indian Queen The Indian Emperor; The Conquest ofGranada格兰纳达的征服 ;Tyrannick Love ; All forLove;An Essay of Dramatick Poesie 论戏剧诗新 古 典 主 义6. Alexander Pope ( 亚历山大?蒲柏)Pastorals ; The Rape of the Lock 卷发遇 劫记;T
11、he Dunciad愚人记;Essay on Criticism ; Essay on Man 翻译了 The Iliad , The Odyssey7. Richard Steel & Joseph Addis on(理查德?斯蒂尔&约瑟夫?艾迪生)The Tatler 闲谈者;The Spectator旁 观者8. William Blake ( 威廉?布莱克)Songs of Innocence ; Songs of Experienee9. Robert Burns ( 罗伯特?彭斯)A Red, Red Rose; Auld Lang Syne昔日好时光10. Samuel Joh
12、nso n ( 塞缪尔?约翰逊)ADictionary of the English Language英语辞典; A Letter to Lord Chesterfield 致切斯特菲尔德爵爷书被誉为文人脱离贵族提携和保护的宣言书 ;The Lives of the Poets 诗人传11. Da niel Defoe ( 丹尼尔?笛福)The Life and Strange Surpris ing Adve ntures ofRobinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记;The Shortest Way with the Disse nters 铲除非国教教徒的捷径 ;Moll Fla nd
13、ers现 实 主 义12. Jon athan Swift(乔纳森?斯威夫特)AModest Proposal一个小小的建议;Travels into Several Remote Nati ons of the World by Lemuel Gulliver格里佛游记;A Tale of a Tub 桶的故事13. Henry Fielding(亨利?菲尔丁)Joseph Andrews Amelia; The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling 汤姆?琼斯-现实主义小说 最高成就14. Tobias Smollett(托比亚斯?斯摩莱特)The Adve
14、ntures of Roderick Ra ndom 蓝登传;The Adve ntures of Peregri ne Pickle 匹克尔传15. Samuel Richards on(塞缪尔?理查逊)-书信形式Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded帕米拉或美德有报; Clarissa克拉丽莎;The History of Sir CharlesGrandison查尔斯?格兰迪森爵士的历史16. Thomas Gray ( 托马斯?格 雷)An Elegy Written in a Cou ntry Churchyard 墓园挽诗感 伤 主 义17. Lawre nee St
15、erne(劳伦斯?斯特恩)The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy 项狄传-开创意识流小说的先 驱之作;A Sen time ntal Jour ney18. Oliver Goldsmith(奥立弗?哥尔德斯密斯)The Good-Natur d Man好心人;She stoops to Conquer屈身求爱;The Vicar of Wakefield威 克菲尔德牧师传;The Deserted Village荒村; The Citizen of the World 世界公民 (ChineseLetters中国信札)19. Richard Brin
16、 sley Sheridan(理查德?布林斯利?谢里丹)The School for Scan dal造谣学校-风俗喜剧之 巅;The Rivals情敌五、维多利亚时期的央国文学 (19世纪)消 极 浪义1. William Wordsworth(威廉?华兹华斯)I WanderedLonely as a Cloud独自云游;The Solitary Reaper孤寂的刈麦女;Lines Composed a Few Miles about Tintern Abbey丁登寺杂咏;The Prelude序 曲2. Samuel TaylorColeridge(塞缪尔?泰勒?柯勒律治)The Ri
17、me of the Ancient Mariner 古舟子咏;KublaKhan忽必烈汗;Christabel克里斯塔贝尔3. Robert Southey(罗伯特?骚塞)The Battle of Blenheim布莱尼姆之战;MyDays among the Deadare Past; Thalaba the Destroyer撒拉巴; The Curse of Kehama克哈马的诅咒积 极 浪 漫 主 义4. George Gordon Byron(乔治?戈登?拜伦)Child Harold s Pilgrimage恰尔德?哈罗尔德游记; Don Juan唐?璜5. Percy Bys
18、she Shelley(波西?比希?雪莱)Adonais阿多尼;Ode to the West Wind西风颂; Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯 ;To aSkylark致云雀;A Defenee of Poetry 诗辩6. John Keats ( 约翰?济慈)The Eve of St. Agnes ; Ode to Autumn ; Ode to a Nightingale ; Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂7. Alfred Tennyson(阿尔弗莱德?丁尼生)Break, Break, Break ; Ulysses尤利西斯;The P
19、rincess ; In Memoriam悼念;Maud毛黛8. Robert Brow ning ( 罗伯特?布朗宁)dramatic monologue ( 戏剧独白诗);Men and Wome nThe Ring and the Book9. Elizabeth Barrett Brow ning(伊丽莎白?芭蕾特?布朗宁)The Cry of the Children ; Sonnets from the Portuguese10. Matthew Arnold ( 马修?阿诺德)Dover Beach多佛海滩11. Dante Gabriel Rossetti(但丁?加百列?罗塞蒂
20、)The Pre-raphaelite Brotherhood ( 先拉斐尔兄弟会);The Blessed Damozel女神;The House of Life12. Charles Lamb ( 查尔斯?兰姆)Tales from Shakespeare莎士比亚戏剧故事集13. Thomas De Qui ncey(托马斯?德?昆西)Con fessi ons of an En glish Opium-Eater 一个抽鸦片的英国人的自白;On Murder Considered as One of the Fine Arts谋杀被视为一门乙术 ;On the Kn ocki ng at
21、 the Gatein Macbeth14. Thomas Carlyle ( 托马斯?卡来尔)The French Revolution 法国革命15. Walter Scott ( 沃尔特?司各特)Father of Historical Novels (历史小说之父” ); Waverley威弗利;Rob Roy; Ivanhoe艾凡赫批 16. Jane Austen ( 简?奥斯丁)Senseand Sensibilit y; Pride and Prejudice ; Emm;判 现 实 主 义17. The Bron teSisters(勃朗特三姐妹)Charlotte Bron
22、te ( 夏洛蒂)Jane Eyre简?爱Emily Bronte ( 艾米丽)Wutheri ng Heights呼啸山庄Anne Bronte ( 安妮)Agnes Grey安格尼丝?格雷18. George Eliot ( 乔治?艾略特)原名Mary Ann Evans , 19 世纪最多产的女性作家; Adam Bede亚当?比德;The Mill on the Floss弗罗斯河上的磨坊;Silas Marner织工马南; Middlemarch-A Study of Prov in cial Life 米德尔马契19. Mrs. Gaskell ( 盖斯凯尔)Mary Barton
23、 ; Life of Charlotte Bronte20. Charles Dicke ns(查尔斯?狄更斯)Sketches by Boz 波兹特与 ;The PosthumousPapers of the Pickwick Club 匹克威克外传 ;Oliver Twist ; The Old Curiosity Shop ; American Notes; Dombey andSon; David Copperfield ; Bleak House荒凉山庄;Hard Times ; A Tale of Two Cities ; Great Expectations21. William
24、 Makepeace Thackeray(威廉?麦克皮斯?萨克雷)Vanity Fair名利场;Henry Esmon亨利?艾斯蒙德;The Newcomers22. George Meredith(乔治?梅瑞狄斯)The Ordeal of Richard Feverel理杳德?法弗尔的苦难23. Thomas Hardy ( 托马斯?哈代)Tess of the D Urbervilles ; Far From the Madding Crowd远离尘嚣;The Return of the Native ; The Mayor Casterbridge ; Wessex Tales; Li
25、fe s Little Ironies人生小讽刺; The Dynasts列王;Jude the Obscure -批判现实主义文学的最咼成 就24. Joseph Rudyard Kipli ng(约瑟夫?路德雅德?吉卜林)Barrack-Room Ballads兵营歌谣;SevenSeas25. Joseph Conrad ( 约瑟夫?康拉德)Heart of Dark ness黑暗的心新浪漫主义26. Robert Louis Steve nson(罗伯特?路易斯?史蒂文森)NeW Arabian Nights新天万夜谭唯美主义(为艺术而艺术)27. Oscar Wilde(奥斯卡?王尔
26、德)The Picture of Dorian Gray 道林?格雷的画像Lady Windermere s Fan温德米尔夫人的扇子 The Happy Prince and Other Tales 快乐王子童话集六、20世纪的英国文学象征主义1. William Butler Yeats(威廉?勃特勒?叶芝)The Autumn of the Body肉体的秋天;The Wind Among the Reeds芦苇中的风;The Wild Swan at Coole库 尔的野天鹅;Sailing to Byzantium 驶向拜占庭现实 主义2. Joh n Galsworthy| (约翰
27、?高尔斯华绥)The Forsyte Saga福尔赛世家:The Man of Property有产业的人,In Chancery进退维谷,To Let招三木 八、租出让3. Herbert George Wells ( 赫?乔?威尔斯)现代科幻小说鼻祖;The Time Machine4. Arnold Bennett ( 阿诺德?贝内特)The Old Wives Tale老妇谭5. William Somerset Maugham(威廉?萨默赛特?毛姆)Of HumarBo ndage人生的枷锁;The Moona nd Sixpe nee; Cakes and Ale寻欢作乐;The
28、Razor s Edge刀锋Kathari ne Mansfield (凯瑟琳?曼斯菲尔 Eks and other Stories 幸福集德)现 代 主 义7. Henry James ( 亨利?詹姆斯)The Art of the Novel: Critical Prefaces 小说的乙术;Daisy Miller 黛西?密勒8. D. H. Lawrenee (戴?赫?劳伦斯)Sons and Lovers ; The Rain bow Womeiin Love; Lady Chatterley s Lover查泰来夫人的情人意 识 流9. James Augusti ne Aloys
29、ius Joyce(詹姆斯?奥古斯丁?艾洛依休斯?乔伊斯)Dubliners都柏林人;A Portrait of the Artist as a YoungMan Finnegans Wake分尼根守灵夜;Ulysses10. Virgi nia Woolf(弗吉尼娅?沃尔夫)Jacob s Roo m雅各布的房间 ;Mrs. Dalloway 达罗卫夫人;To the Lighthouse到灯塔去;TheWaves浪11. E. M. Forster ( 爱?摩?福斯特)A Passage to In dia 通往印度之路12. George BernardShaw(乔治?伯纳?萧)Widowers Houses鳏夫的房产;Mrs. Warren s Profession 华伦夫人的职业;John Bull s Other Island 英国佬的 另一个岛;Sai nt Joa n圣女贞德;Pygmalio n匹格梅利 翁;Man and Superman人与超人 ;The Quintessenee of Ibsenism易卜生主义精华13 John Millington Synge (约翰?米灵顿? the Shadow of
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