M 金属间化合物与高熵合金中国材料研讨会.docx

1、M 金属间化合物与高熵合金中国材料研讨会M. 金属间化合物与高熵合金分会主席：林均品、贺跃辉、张勇单元M1：2011年5月19日上午主持人：张勇8：30-9：00 am *M1TiAl金属间化合物精密热成形技术研究进展陈玉勇；哈尔滨工业大学9：00-9：30 am *M2NiAl合金高温自润滑行为及其机理研究郭建亭；中科院金属材料研究所NiAl-Al2O3-TiC复合材料、NiAl-28Cr-5.6Mo-0.15Hf-0.25Ho共晶合金和NiAl-Cr(Mo)-CrxSy自润滑复合材料的高温摩擦磨损实验结果表明，NiAl材料在700900下，摩擦表面生成13m厚的玻璃陶瓷润滑膜，产生高温持久

2、自润滑耐磨性能。该润滑膜可向SiC表面转移，形成玻璃陶瓷/玻璃陶瓷的摩擦状态，消除NiAl材料与SiC之间的直接磨损。润滑膜的形成与摩擦表面温度有重要关系。当摩擦表面温度达到镍的剧烈氧化温度时，表面的NiAl材料生成Ni、Al、Cr等氧化物颗粒，而脱离表面的NiAl材料磨屑在SiC盘的反复碾压下，也很快发生断裂、碎化和动态氧化而生成Ni、Al、Cr等氧化物粉末，并通过摩擦化学反应形成玻璃陶瓷润滑膜覆盖在摩擦表面。200400下，NiAl-Cr(Mo)-CrxSy自润滑复合材料中的CrxSy型共晶体化合物相可变软或熔化，在磨损过程中，形成由纳米CrxSy型共晶体化合物晶粒构成的较完整的润滑膜覆盖

3、在摩擦表面，具有自润滑性能。该润滑膜也可向SiC表面转移，消除共晶合金与SiC之间的直接磨损。The wear behaviors of NiAl-Al2O3-TiC composite, NiAl-28Cr-5.6Mo -0.15Hf-0.25Ho eutectic alloys and NiAl-Cr(Mo)-CrxSy Self-lubricating Composite against SiC ceramic were investigated. The results show that NiAl-based alloys exhibit excellent high tempera

4、ture endure self-lubricating properties in the temperature range of 700-900, which is attributed to the formation of glass-ceramic lubricant film with the thickness of 1-3 m. During wear testing the lubricant film was partially transferred to the SiC counterface, which avoided the direct tribo-conta

5、ct between the alloy and SiC cermic and led to another friction state which friction happened between glass-ceramic and glass-ceramic. The formation of the lubricant film depends on friction surface temperature. When the temperature is high enough to make nickel oxide severely, oxides of element Ni,

6、 Al and Cr form on the surface of NiAl-based alloys and from wear debris which divorced from the wear surface. Through friction chemical reaction the oxides form glass-ceramic lubricant film which then overlays the friction surface. CrxSy-type eutectic compound in the NiAl-Cr(Mo)-CrxSy Self-lubricat

7、ing Composite may soften or melt. Between 200 and 400, a relatively intact lubricant film composed of nano CrxSy-type eutectic compound overlays the friction surface and it is a self-lubricant film because it can be transferred to the SiC counterface.9：30-10：00 am *M3从多相共晶到高熵浅谈五元合金的凝固李言祥；清华大学从五元合金的凝

8、固问题出发，讨论了高熵合金的形成和意义。五相共晶在五元和五元以上合金的凝固中不会出现，这是四色定律的限制还是“高熵”的原因？是高熵阻塞了多相共晶易于非晶化的道路吗？如果是四色定律的限制了五相共晶不能出现，Gibbs相律怎么解释？在CoCrFeNi等摩尔比四元合金中添加FCC的第五个组元Cu会形成FCC相的五元高熵合金，而添加同样是FCC的第五个组元Al则形成BCC相的五元高熵合金，高熵合金的相结构由什么因素确定？这些都是五元合金凝固的特殊性，本文试图做一简单分析。10：0010：20 am 休息主持人: 陈玉勇10：20-10：40 am M4TiAl合金和K418合金对缺口的敏感性研究曹睿，

9、刘海军，张继；兰州理工大学本研究通过圆棒拉伸缺口敏感性和特殊缺口圆棒拉伸缺口敏感性试验以及相应的组织、断口观察分析，得出了如下结论：K418合金断裂机理是韧性断裂和脆性断裂的混合断裂，而TiAl合金则是典型的脆性断裂。对于常规的圆棒拉伸缺口敏感性实验： K418合金的缺口敏感度NSR随着缺口半径的降低，应力集中系数Kt的增加而增加，可以说明K418没有缺口敏感度。TiAl合金仍有一定的缺口敏感性，当缺口半径小于0.25mm之后，抗拉强度显著降低，因此也是一个临界参数。对于特殊缺口圆棒拉伸试验，K418合金没有缺口敏感性，直至缺口深度达到2mm，断裂强度仍无明显下降。而TiAl合金在缺口深度达到

10、0.5mm时断裂强度开始下降，而在缺口深度由1mm升到2mm时断裂强度下降了25%。因而当缺陷深度达到试件10%时断裂强度下降，达到20%时断裂强度突然大幅度下降，这个参数可作为衡量铸造缺陷深度的一个重要参数。TiAl合金应力集中系数越大时，缺口敏感度NSR值降低，当缺口半径为2mm，应力集中系数为9.94时显著下降，NSR小于1，所以存在缺口敏感度。TiAl合金和K418合金断裂的机理及变形性质不同，对缺口敏感的程度不同。10：40-11：00 am M5Effect of aluminum contents on the microstructural morphologies for A

11、lxCoCrFeNi high entropy alloys by copper mould suction castingS.G. Ma, Y. Zhang；State key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing通过铜模吸铸法得到AlxCoCrFeNi (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5) 高熵合金系，并细致的研究了铝含量对其微观组织形貌的影响。研究发现，随着铝含量的增加，合金的微观组织形貌呈现出由柱状或胞状枝晶向

12、等轴枝晶的转变，揭示出面心立方固溶体倾向于形成柱状或胞状枝晶，而体心立方固溶体倾向于形成等轴枝晶。进一步发现，一次枝晶臂间距随着铝含量的增加而增加，暗示出铝的加入可能起到了降低合金系固-液界面过冷度的作用。进一步地，合金微观组织形貌和铝含量的相关性被示意性的显示出来。该转变机制可能由于大的原子尺寸差和相应的扩散拖曳效应。The effect of aluminum contents on the microstructural morphologies for AlxCoCrFeNi (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5) high entropy alloys

13、 (HEAs) by copper mould suction casting was investigated in detail. It was found that the microstructural morphologies have a change from columnar/cellular to equiaxed dendrites with the increase of aluminum contents, revealing face-centered cubic (FCC) solid solutions tending to form columnar/cellu

14、lar dendrites whereas body-centered cubic (BCC) solid solutions tending to form equiaxed dendrites. Furthermore, the primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS) was found to have an increase as the aluminum contents increase, which suggests that the aluminum element may play a part in reducing the cooling r

15、ate in the solid/liquid interface front. A schematic diagram represents the correlations between the microstructural morphologies and the aluminum contents, and the transition mechanism may be ascribed to large atomic size differences and corresponding sluggish diffusion effects.11：00-11：20 am M6TiZ

16、rNb 系高熵合金的组织结构和力学性能朱志光,张勇；北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室通过电弧熔炼和真空吸铸方法制备了TiZrNb系列合金，分别为TiZrNb，TiZrNbMo，TiZrNbMoV0.5，TiZrNbMoV0.75，TiZrNbMoV合金，并研究了该合金系在不同条件下的显微结构。结构表明：电弧熔炼状态下，TiZrNb，TiZrNbMo，TiZrNbMoV0.5，TiZrNbMoV0.75合金均形成单相BCC结构固溶体，而TiZrNbMoV合金除形成BCC结构固溶体外还析出了Laves相，同时发现在真空吸铸状态下，TiZrNbMoV合金中析出的Laves相被抑制，说明高熵合金的

17、形成过程也有动力学条件影响。利用万能试验机研究分析了该系列合金的力学性能，其中TiZrNb合金的压缩塑性应变量超过50%，且弹性模量很低（50GPa左右）。同时TiZrNb合金的抗拉强度达900MPa，且其拉伸塑性达为10%。单元M2：5月19日下午主持人：郭建亭13：30-14：00 pm *M7TiAl金属间化合物连接技术的研究进展冯吉才；哈尔滨工业大学TiAl 金属间化合物由于具有质量轻、耐高温、抗氧化等优异性能，因此在航空、航天及军工等领域具有广阔应用前景，成为一种非常有前途的轻质高温结构材料。特别是，TiAl 金属间化合物的可靠连接技术是实现其应用的关键。为此，本文综述了TiAl 金

18、属间化合物连接技术的研究现状，主要涉及电子束焊、自蔓延高温合成连接、摩擦焊、钎焊和扩散连接等，同时分析了上述焊接方法的特点及其对TiAl 金属间化合物连接的适用性。14：00-14：30 pm *M8Effect of ordering and directionally solidified microstructure on cold workability of Fe-6.5wt%Si alloyF. Ye, Y.F. Liang, J.P. Lin；State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of

19、 Science and Technology BeijingFe-6.5wt%Si high silicon steel has superior magnetic properties such as high permeability and low core loss. However, such high Si content results in room-temperature embrittlement and poor workability due to the formation of the ordered intermetallics phases in Fe-6.5

20、wt.%Si alloy. The thin sheet production of this alloy with high silicon contents by mechanical deformation is very difficult due to its extreme brittleness. We investigated the effect of ordering on cold workability of this alloy. Methods of rapid quenching and hot rolling were utilized by suction c

21、asting system and rolling machine. It is found that rapid quenching and hot rolling could decrease the degree of order due to the very high solidification rate and plastic deformation respectively. The rapid quenched sheet and hot rolled sheet could be cold rolled without crack. Microstructure, stru

22、cture, micro hardness, and orientation texture were investigated by optical microscope, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, micro hardness indenter before and after cold rolling.Watanabe found that the ductility of fully annealed Fe-6.5wt%Si polycrystalline ribbons is improved because l

23、arge amount of special grain boundaries with strong resistance to intergranular fracture are formed. Zone Melting Liquid Metal Cooling (ZMLMC) directional solidification technique was employed to produce the Fe-6.5%Si alloy with columnar-grained structures and special grain boundaries. Microstructur

24、e evolution of the directionally solidified alloy was investigated by varying solidification rates by means of optical microscope and SEM. It is found that the solidification microstructure of the alloy evolved in a sequence of planar, cellular, coarse dendrite, hexagon cellular, and fine plate like

25、 structure, when solidification rate varies from 5 to 500 m/s under a given temperature gradient. In the same time, the effect of the microstructure to the ductility of the material is investigated.14：30-15：00 pm *M9Fe基合金非晶/纳米晶材料制备及巨磁阻抗效应方允樟；浙江师范大学采用单辊快淬和泰勒法制备非晶合金（FeCuNbSiB, FeCoNbSiB, FeSiBPC, FeSi

26、BPCu）丝，采用电流退火或温度退火方法对非晶丝在流动和准静态气氛（氮气、空气、氩气）中进行热处理，研究退火工艺与纵向驱动巨磁阻抗（LDGMI）效应及纵向驱动应力阻抗（LDGSI）效应的关系。研究结果表明，LDGMI效应及LDGSI效应比常规巨磁阻抗（GMI）效应和常规应力阻抗（GSI）效应灵敏度提高了一个数量级，使得实验值与理论计算值基本吻合；流动气氛中退火的FeCoNbSiB合金丝具有对微弱磁场特别灵敏的LDGMI效应；空气中退火的FeSiBPC合金丝的LDGMI效应曲线具有特别宽的高灵敏线性区；由FeCoNbSiB和FeSiBPC组成的复合丝具有跨越零磁场的宽线性区高灵敏LDGMI效应。

27、通过XRD微结构分析、AFM断口介观结构观测及MFM磁畴结构分析发现，薄带LDGMI效应特性与材料内部的晶粒团聚行为密切相关。15：0015：20 pm 中场休息20分钟主持人：王自东15：20-15：40 pm M10一种新型Mn-Ni阻尼合金的组织与阻尼性能研究谢东辉，傅祖明，蔡凯洪；北京北冶功能材料有限公司开发了一种新型Mn-Ni阻尼合金材料。研究了合金的微观组织结构及阻尼性能。利用XRD、热膨胀分析、光学显微镜、SEM和维氏硬度测试等手段研究了加工热处理对合金微观组织结构的影响规律。利用强迫共振法测试了合金的内耗，研究了固溶处理+不同温度、时间时效处理对合金阻尼性能的影响，并分析了合金

28、的阻尼机理。结果表明，在450650之间合金的面心立方结构（fcc）基体发生体心四方相（bcc）转变，并有体心立方结构的第二相析出；合金经固溶处理后在550时效处理具有最佳的阻尼性能。分析认为，合金在450650之间的复相结构是合金内耗增大的主要原因。A new-type Mn-Ni damping alloy material was developed. The microstructure and damping behavior of the alloy were studied. The XRD, Thermal expansion analysis, Optical Microsc

29、ope, SEM and the Vickers-hardness test were used to study the rule of microstructural transformation of the alloy by processing and heat treatment. The internal friction was measured by forced resonance viberation method to study the effect of solution treatment and ageing treatment at different tem

30、perature and hours on the damping behavior, and the damping mechanism was analyzed. The results show that at 450650 the body-centered tetragonal (bct) phase transformation occurs in the alloy face-centered cubic (fcc) matrix, and there is the precipitation of the second cubic face-centered phase. Th

31、e alloy has optimal damping behavior after solution treatment and 550 ageing treatment. The complex phase structure at 450650 is considered to be the main reason for the increase of internal friction of the alloy.15：40-16：00 pm M11硼对氢气环境中有序态Ni3Fe合金的韧化作用陈业新，马杰，陈涛；上海大学材料研究所研究了不同硼含量对有序态Ni3Fe合金在真空和氢气环境中

32、力学性能的作用，研究结果表明：在真空和氢气环境中拉伸时，合金的最大抗拉强度和延伸率均随着合金中的硼含量增加而增加。相同成分的合金在真空中的力学性能（抗拉强度和延伸率）均高于在氢气环境中的力学性能，即有序态Ni3Fe合金在氢气环境中存在明显的环境氢脆，合金的氢脆因子最高达77.9%。随着合金中硼含量的增加，在两种环境中拉伸时，合金力学性能的差异逐渐减小，表明合金中的硼对在氢气环境中的有序态Ni3Fe合金有较强的韧化作用，当合金中的硼含量达到0.07 wt.%时，合金的氢脆因子降至1.2%，与无硼Ni3Fe合金相比，Ni3Fe-0.07wt.% B合金的氢脆因子的下降幅度达到约98.5%。拉伸断口形貌表明：在氢气环境中拉伸时，当合金中的硼含量CB 0.02wt.%后，合金的断口形貌为完全的塑性韧窝状断口，此结果说明在Ni3Fe合金中添加少量的硼元素可以很好地韧化合金。研究结果证实：硼韧化Ni3Fe合金的机理是硼元素偏聚在合金的晶界上，即提高了合金的晶界强度，又降低了氢原子沿晶界的扩散系数。16：00-16：20 pm M12Cu-Zr基非晶丝的低温电阻变化及其力学性能研究胡继明，赵杨勇，