介词与某些词类的搭配.docx

1、介词与某些词类的搭配一on与in表示处于某种状态on用于表示动态，如正在从事某种活动或处于某种运动状态之中。如：on business出差；on a visit在访问；on strike在罢工；on sale在出售；on show在上映；on watch在站岗/放哨；on fire在着火；on vacation/holiday在度假。 in多用于表示静态状况，如安全，危险，健康，涉及人的情绪等。如：in trouble陷于困境；in danger处于危险中，in order有序，有条理，in surprise惊讶地，in silence沉默地，in high/low spirit情绪高涨/低落

2、。 二 At, from, in的有关表达1 At: at dawn在黎明；at daybreak在拂晓；at sunrise日出时；at sunset/sundown日落时at noon；在中午；at dusk在黄昏；at night在夜晚；at home在家；at table在用餐；at school在上学；at college在上大学；at risk有危险，冒危险；at last最后；at rest静止不动2。From: from memory凭记忆；from cover to cover从头至尾；from day to day日复一日；from beginning to end从头到尾

3、；from head to foot从头到脚3。In: in a hurry匆忙；in trouble处于困境；in tears热泪盈眶；in fear在恐惧中；in danger处于危险中；in peace和平相处；in safety很安全；in need被需要；in debt欠债；in good order很整齐；in silence静静地；in good health身体好；in a fever在发烧；in love热恋中；in public在公共场所；in doubt有疑问；in print在印刷；in flower在开花三of+抽象名词=形容词Of + great/much+抽象名词

4、=very+形容词Of +no+抽象名词=not + 形容词。如：It is of no use. = It is not useful.=It is useless.He is twenty years of age. = He is twenty years old.This matter is of much importance. = This matter is very important.四By的用法1. 表示“不迟于（某时间）”的意思。如：We have to be home by ten oclock.我们10点钟得到家。2表示“在。期间（一段指明的时间）”的意思。如：The

5、y decided to travel by night.他们决定在夜里旅行。3指人体或物体的某一部分。如：He seized me by the arm.他抓住了我的胳膊。4 表示“由于。的结果；凭借。”的意思。如：He succeeded by hard work.他由于努力工作而成功了。5 含有“以。的幅度”的意思。如：This one is shorter than the other by three inches.这一个比那一个短三英寸。We lost the match by one goal.我们以一球之差输了那场比赛。6 表示买卖东西所按以计算的数或量，或付酬所按以计算的时间

6、。如：Milk is sold by the pint, butter by the pound, and eggs by the dozen.牛奶论品脱卖，黄油论磅卖，蛋类论打卖。7表示“按照。”或“根据。”的意思。如：By my watch, the time is half past eleven.按我的表，现在是11：30。By the expression on his face, he seemed to be displeased.从他的面部表情来看，他似乎不高兴。We shall get a storm before long by the look of the sky.看天

7、色，暴风雨就要来了。五介词与某些词类的搭配1 名词与介词的固定搭配（1） 要求to的名词：key, answer, visit, apology, introduction, attitude, monument, devotion等。（2）要求in的名词:interest, satisfaction, expert等。（3）要求on的名词：mercy, congratulations, effect等。(4）要求其他介词的名词：prize for, respect for, victory over, struggle with, excuse for, for fear of等。2 形容词

8、与介词的固定搭配（1）要求at的形容词：afraid, angry, good, bad, clever, surprised, excited, puzzled, frightened.（2）要求of的形容词：afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy.（3）要求with的形容词:angry, strict, careful, busy, popular, patient.（4）要求in的形容词：weak, strict, rich, interested, successful, slow.（5）要求to的形容词：next

9、, good, polite, kind, cruel,rude, known, married, close, similar, due.（6）要求for的形容词：sorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious, hungry.（7）要求from的形容词：far, different, free, safe, absent, tired.（8）要求about的形容词：sorry, worried, curious, anxious, careful, sure, certain.注意：同一形容词与不同的介词搭配其含义不同。如：He is good to her.他对她友好。The advice is good for her.这条意见对他有益。He was tired of the work.他厌倦了那份工作。He was tired with/from the work.他因工作而疲劳。