模块2单词用法.docx

1、模块2单词用法陈才英语教育及培训中心兼陈才英语家教辅导中心初中1年级英语重点英语单词记方法讲座2014新版外研社英语8年级(上)词汇表单词记忆法主要根据掌握单词5大标准进行编排简称为单词5位1体记忆法创始人：陈才（Peter Chen ）(2014年7月22日)【8年级英语上册模块2单词记忆方法】【五位一体单词记忆法】【1】单词音标（提高英语听力理解）【2】单词词性（知道单词充当成分）【3】单词意思（知道句子表达意思）【4】单词拼写（准确地写出该单词）【5】单词用法（可正确使用该单词）Module 2【模块2】【My home town and my country】【我的家乡和我的国家】Un

2、it 1 It is taller than many other buildings第一单元:它比很多其它建筑物都要高【1】hillhl n 小山，小丘拼写：h-ill【hi-ll】【h-ill=记忆口诀h生病在小山上】用法:作主语，宾语，表语hill 是可数名词意思：小山；丘陵；山冈；斜坡The village lies on a hill 该村位于一座小山上.We went for a walk in the hills last Sunday上周日我们去小山里散步了The castle stands on ahill. 城堡耸立在山冈上。hill 用于专有名词，表示山峰，不加冠词；表示

3、群峰，须加定冠词The U.S. Congress lies on Capitol Hill美国国会位于国会山.The Western Hills are famous for their red autumn leaves西山以其红叶而问文明We walked down thehillbefore sunset.我们在日落前走下山冈。We ran down thehillalong the gentle slope.我们顺着和缓的斜坡跑下山。We found the animal on a scrubhill.我们在一个灌木丛生的丘陵上找到这动物 及物动词意思：把堆成小山；培土于周围Woul

4、d you pleasehillthe leaves in the backyard?你能把后院的树叶扫成堆吗?She used tohillthe plants in her garden once a month.她以前每个月都要给花园里的植物培一次土【2】populationppjulen n. (某一地区的)人口，全体居民拼写：pop-ul-ation【pop-u-l-ation】用法:作主语，宾语，表语population 是集合名词，有时可加不定冠词，间或可用作复数形式；China has a population of about 1.3 billion.中国大约有13亿人口Ne

5、w York is a big city with a population of over 10 million. 纽约是一个拥有1000多万人的人口的城市. The population of Canada is about 29 million.加拿大的人口是大约2900万万1 作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式：China has a quarter of the worlds population.中国占世界人口的四分之一.中国拥有世界四分之一的人口.The population of London is over ten million.伦敦的人口超过1000万.The village

6、has a population of about 1500.这个村拥有1500人口Their populations were growing rapidly他们的人口正在迅速增长.2 population 可与large, small搭配，而不与many, few 搭配，但可用数词修饰.What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少?How large is the population of your hometown? 你们家乡有多少人口? The population of our hometown is nearly twice as lar

7、ge as that of yours. 我们家乡的人口是你们家乡人口的将近两倍。 The city with its large population has become crowded.这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了.The population of the village isnt as small as I expected这个村的人口没有我设想的那么少.Haikou is a city of 6 million population=Haikou is a city with a population of 6 million海口是一个拥有6百万人口的城市【3】wide wad

8、 adj.宽的，宽阔的拼写：w-i-d-e【wi-de】用法:作定语，表语,补语【The river is twenty metres wide】1 形容词，意思，宽阔的，广泛的，宽的，作定语和表语He admired the wide streets of the city.他赞美这座美丽城市的宽阔的街道My father has wide interests.我的父亲有着广泛的兴趣The stream is too wide for me to jump acrossd这条小河太宽了，我跳不过去.The door is three feet wide这扇门宽三英尺.2 wide 和broa

9、d：二者均可表示“宽的” 有时候可替用.wide 着重两边或亮点之间的距离； broad着重两边之间的面积，有时候也指两边之间的距离，可以与wide替用.【普通用词：指向两边延伸的宽度，强调两边之间面积的广阔，也可指向四方伸】【wide常用词：侧重指两边或两点之间的距离。着重距离的远近。】He has a broad shoulders.他有宽阔的肩旁.3 widely wadli 副词，广泛地，宽阔地可修饰动态动词，静态动词和系表结构He has traveled widely他游历广泛.He opened her eyes widely because of anger他怒目圆睁.It i

10、s widely felt that the country is growing stronger with each passing day人们普遍地感觉到国家正日益强大起来.【4】million mljn num 百万拼写：mill-ion【m-ill-ion】用法：作定语，主语，表语用作定语，或有不定冠词a 或其它数词修饰时，常用单数Three million pencils were sold out.三百万支铅笔销售一空.He made a million in the stock market.他在证券市场赚了一百万.There are two million people in

11、 the city.这座城市有两百万人口.Million 用在of 短语前，或表示不确定数字及许许多多时，常用复数为了考试，我不得不读学多书.I had to read millions of books for my exams当时一定有许许多多的观众.There must have been millions of spectators.数万吨有毒气体随着工厂冒出的烟散入空气之中.Millions of tons poisonous gases are sent into the air with the smoke from the factories.3 million 指钱，表示百万

12、英镑（美元）可用作单数形式或者复数形式He is worthy three millionIt will cost millions of poundsHer fortune amounts to several million(s)含有 million的词语用作主语时，谓语动词通常用作复数形式，指钱时谓语也可用作单数形式.冬天数百万只鸟从北方来到这里.Some millions of birds come here from the north in winter在修建这座工厂时花掉了数百万美元.Millions of dollars have gone into the building

13、of this factoryThree million dollars was set aside .三百万美元被拨出.【百：hundred; 千thousand；百万:million;十亿：billion其用法完全相同】【5】pretty prt adv /adj. 向当地，非常，很拼写：pre-tty【p-re-tty】用法:作状语，定语，表语可用作定语和表语：意思是漂亮的，美丽的She is a pretty girl.她是个漂亮的女孩.The little garden is pretty这个小花园很美.The game was pretty goodKate is a pretty

14、 girl and she is pretty popular in our class凯特是一个漂亮女孩她在我们班非常受欢迎.可用作状语；意思向当地，非常，很The game was pretty goodKate is a pretty girl and she is pretty popular in our class凯特是一个漂亮女孩她在我们班非常受欢迎.【6】pretty good priti ud 相当好拼写：pretty-good 【pre-tty- good】用法: 表语It is pretty good它相当好.The game is pretty good这个游戏相当不错

15、.【7】than n prep. 比拼写：th-an 【t-h-an】用法: 后面接名词和代词 than 不是介词而是从属连词,引导的不是宾语,而是(省略的)比较状语从句He is taller than (I am tall) 他比我高.He runs faster than I (run)他比我跑的更快.试比较:The climate in Hainan is warmer than in Hunan(错误)The climate in Hainan is warmer than that in Hunan(正确)海南的气候比湖南更暖和.备注:that指代climatethan 连接的比较

16、结构,前后成分总是互相对立,相互排斥的,因此后一个成分往往必须加上other.试比较:Winter is colder than any season(错误)Winter is colder than any other season(正确)冬季比其它任何季节都冷.He works harder than any students in his class(错误)He works harder than any other student in his class(正确)他比班上的其他任何学生都要用功/努力.【8】getet link v. 变成，成为拼写：g-e-t 【ge-t】【g-et】

17、用法：作谓语现在分词：getting(进行时态)一般过去式：got（一般过去时态）过去分词：got（完成时态）动词三人称单数：gets（一般现在时态）4 动名词：getting（用在特殊动词和介词后面）【一】get 是个常用词,词义丰富,用法复杂,构词能力超强;表示”得到,获得” 是及物动词,跟简单宾语,还可以用作系动词,跟表语I got a lot of presents on my birthday. 我过生日那天收到很多礼物.I must get something to eat before I go out .我出去前必须找点吃的东西.Its getting dark.天渐渐变黑了.

18、He soon got tired.他很快就累了.I think she will get well.我认为/觉得她身体会好起来.Get me a ticket, please请给我(买)/弄张票.Ill go and get you a chair.=I will fetch you a chair 我去给你弄把椅子【二】get 的过去分词,在英国,只用got,在美国,用got 和 gotten,但是词义有区别,表示have got拥有, have gotten表示获得We have got ten thousand dollars for the sports meeting我们有1万美圆

19、的经费举办运动会.We have gotten ten thousand dollars for the sports meeting我们获得了1万美圆的经费举办运动会.【三】get 可用作使役动词,表示 使得,可以跟5种复合宾语,现在分词;过去分词;动词不定式;形容词;介词短语.现在分词【get sth doing使某物一直做某事】I shall soon get the machine working.我将很快让机器发动起来.过去分词【get sth done 使某物被做】I will get my bad tooth pulled out.我将要把我的坏牙齿拔掉.动词不定式; 【get

20、sth/sb to do sth 使某人/某物做某事】We should get everyone to understand it.我们应该让每个人都理解这一点.形容词【get sth +adj 形容词】How did you get your clothes so dirty?你是怎样把衣服弄的如此肮脏呢?介词短语. 【get sth +介词短语】I will soon get everything in good order.我很快就能把一切安排井井有条/有条不紊.【四】get 用作不及物动词,可表示到达,跟副词时候,不在可以用介词,但是跟表示地点的名词或者代词需要加上介词to试图比较你

21、什么时候到家?When did you get to home .(错误)When did you get home.(正确)我及时赶到那里I got to there on time.(错误)I got there on time .(正确)我7点到车站I got the station at seven .(错误)I got to the station at seven. (正确)【五】get用于进行时态，可用于比较级的形容词作表语，表示越来越；用于过去式时，跟不定式短语，往往含有终于/逐渐的意味.Our motherland is getting stronger every day.

22、 我们的祖国日益强大.Our study is getting better and better.我们的学习越来越好了.I got to know the secret.我逐渐/终于知道了这个秘密.I will never get to understand him我永远也不理解他.【六】get是瞬间动词，其现在完成时态不可与表示一段时间的状语搭配.试图比较我收到这封信2天了I have got the letter for two days(错误)I got the letter two days ago(正确)It is two days since I got the letter(正

23、确)【七】have got本是get的现在完成时，但是现代英语中，完成的意义已经消失，与have同义，表示有，尤其在口语中，have got不可用在助动词或情态动词之后.I have got no money with me .我没有钱.He has got a house in the country他在乡下有一栋房子.试图比较你可能得在5点之前完工You may have got to finish the work before five(错误)You may have to finish the work before five (正确)【八】有些含有get句子翻译很灵活，译文与原文似

24、乎很大她运动得不够.She does not get enough exercise.昨天晚上我没有睡上4个小时.I did not get more than four hours sleep last night.我没有明白你的意思.I didnt get your meaning.优秀教师教学效果好.A good teacher gets good results.你好好看那张照片好吗？Did you get a good look at the picture?很难从他嘴里套出一句话来.It is hard to get a word out of him.我正要给你打电话.I am

25、trying to get you on the phone.咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气吧.Lets go out and get some fresh air.他患了重感冒.He has got a bad cold【九】把一切准备好，不可说 prepare everything ready, 而说get everything ready试图比较晚会开始前我们必须把一切准备就绪We must prepare everything ready before the party(错误)We must get everything ready before the party(正确)【十】get构成固

26、定搭配很多进展，过日子 get along with 我的学习进展的很顺利.I am getting along with my studies very well在这里钱少我们过不了日子.We can not get along with little money here.逃走get awayI tried to catch the bird,but it got away.我努力/设法抓住这只鸟，但是它逃走了.4 取回，回来I will get back the bike you lent him.我要把你借给他的自行车取回来.She will get back before dark.

27、她天黑前要回来.5 get into 进入，陷入When I got into the classroom, I began to study immediately.当我一进教室就马上开始学习.Dont let yourself get into the habit of smoking.别让你自己染上抽烟的习惯.6 从下来，下车She got off the bike.她从自行车上下来了.I am going to get off at the next station.我将在下一站下车.7 上车She got on her bicycle and rode away.她上了自行车，骑着走

28、了.8 与.相处融洽They are getting along well weith one another.他们相互之间相处得很好.9 离开，出去The boy fell into the well and could not get out这个男孩掉进了井里，出不来了10 到达When did you get to the school?你什么时候到达学校？11 逐渐/终于认识，知道，When did you get to know my father ？你是什么时候认识我父亲的？How did you get to know that they were there?你怎么知道他们在那

29、里？12 相聚get togetherAll the students got together on the sports ground.所有学生都在运动场上集合.【十一】get, achieve, gain 三者均表示获得.Get：表示以各种方式获得所需要的东西，Achieve：表示克服困难之后取得的成功，成就或者实现预期的目的Gain：表示经过付出巨大努力之后为自己获得或者赢得一定价值的东西.【9】north n: n. 北，北方 / 在北方的，朝北的拼写：nor-th【n-or-th】用法:作主语，宾语，表语/定语【一】north用作名词，不可数名词，表示方位的名词（north北，so

30、uth南，west西，east东）所表示方向，不加定冠词，若表示地域，则需要加定冠词We are flying towrds north.我们正在向北飞行.He is from the north.他是北方人.The needle of a compass points to thenorth. 罗盘的指针指向北方。【二】north作为形容词，是定语形容词，只可用作定语I live on the north side of the city.我住在这城市的北部.He was born in North China.他出生在华北.Mexico is in the South ofNorthAmerica. 墨西哥在北美的南部。【三】north用作副词，多修饰动态动词I will travel up north next week.下周我要向北旅行.【10】south sa n. 南，南方adj. 在南方的; 朝南的方吹来拼写：sou-th【s-ou-th】用法:作主语，宾语，表语/定语【一】用作名词，不可数，需与定冠词连用Italy is in the south