初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习.docx
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初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解_专项练习
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案
注意！
宾语从句小口诀：
宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；
主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；
主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；
陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,
特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。
从属连词：
that、whether、if
连接代词：
who、whom、whose、what、which
Whoever、whomever、whosever、whatever、whichever连接副词：
when、where、why、how
Whenever、wherever、however
一、基本讲解
概念:
在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。
eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.（动词宾语）
HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.（动词宾语）
MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.（介词宾语）
1.从属连词引导宾语从句
（1）从属连词that引导的宾语从句
that引导宾语从句时，that在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或者非正式文体中常被省略，一般做动词的宾语，不能做介词的宾语（in/but/except1
that除外）
*在下列动词后经常接that引导的宾语从句：
agree、answer、believe、decide、except、explain、think、hear、feel、hope、imagine。
*that引导的宾语从句还经常接在“be+形容词”之后，说明主语的心理活动，这样的形容词常见有：
afraid、glad、sorry、sure、worried等IhavetoimaginethatI’vebeenthereandthatI’mwritingalettertomumandyou.
Ihope（that）you’reready.
I’mafraid（that）you’rewrong.
注意：
下列情况that不能省略
①有多个宾语从句并列时，只能省略第一个that，其他不能省。
n’ttellothersaboutit.
②主句和宾语从句之间有插入语时，引导宾语从句的that不能省略。
③当it作形式宾语代替that引导的宾语从句时，that不能省略④在that引导的宾从中又含有从句时，that一般不省
Ithinkthatifyoustudyhardyouwillpassthetest.
（2）以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序
eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.
注意：
一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。
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a.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if
eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe’llgoonthepinic.
b.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用whether.
eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.
Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?
c.if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.
2.连接代词引导的宾语从句
连接代词在宾语从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，不能省略。
Pleasetalkaboutwhattheycanseeanddothere,andsomeofthemachinesarenoisyaswell.
Shecertainlyknowswhat’what.
Isometimesdon’tknowwhichismemoryandwhichisadream.
3.连接副词引导的宾语从句
连接副词在从句中作状语，分别表示地点、时间、方式、原因。
Idon’tknowhowhedidit.
Iwonderwhereshelives.
Iknowwhyyouleft.
4.特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。
E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat’sthematter\wrongwithyou?
特殊情况：
：
当doyouthink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋doyouthink＋陈述句语序。
3.宾语从句时态
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a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。
例如：
Doyouknow（if/whetherhehasseenthefilm）?
b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。
例如：
Ididn’tknow（if/whetherhehadseenthefilm.）
注意：
当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。
例如：
Hesaid（thattheearthmovesroundthesun.）
Theteachertoldus（thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.）
4.、人称的变化和标点的使用
a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。
如：
“MayIuseyourknife？
”Heaskedme.
→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.
“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber？
”Heaskedme.
→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.
b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。
主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。
如：
Whowillgiveusatalk?
Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.
Doyouknow？
Wheredoeshelive?
→Doyouknowwherehelives?
***宾语从句的否定前移：
当主句谓语动词是think，consider，suppose，believe，except，guess，imagine等表示“认为、相信、猜疑”的动词时，4
习惯上把否定词放在主句谓语上，但否定的是从句。
若是hope，否定不能前移
Idon‟tthinkhecandoitbetterthanIcan.
二、宾语从句的转化
1.2.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。
如：
Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.
→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.
2.当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。
例如：
Idon’tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon’tknowwhichsweatertobuy.
3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell,show,teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。
如：
→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?
4.当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。
如：
Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.
→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.
宾语从句专项习题
巩固练习
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1.Haveyoudecided________forAustralia?
A.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleave
C.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave
2.Canyoutellme_________?
A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives
3.Theoldmanaskedme________.
A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinema
C.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema
4.Ithink_______youwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.why
D.how
5.Ididn‟tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whether
C.weatherD.how
6.Iwonder_________.
A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescost
C.howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost
7.Sheaskedme_________.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoisheD.whoheis
8.Askhim___.
A.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecupD.6
whoseisthiscup
9.Idon‟tknow_________.
A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovie
C.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts
10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong________.
A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeenill
11.Theweatherforecastdoesn‟tsay_________.
A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrow
C.ifitwillraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrow
12.Doyouknow_________?
A.whosepenisthisB.whosepenthisis
C.whomdoesthepenbelongtoD.whomthepenbelongto
13.Couldyoutellmewhere_________?
A.thetapewasB.wasthetapeC.thetapeisD.isthetape
14.Theywanttoknow_________?
A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyou
C.whenthetrainwillleaveD.whyistheboycrying
15.Tonywantedtoknow_________.
A.whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstocking
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B.whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking
C.whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking
D.whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking
16.Nooneknows___theprofessorwillcometoourschool
tomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.
A.whenB.whetherC.whereD.if
17.Julydidn‟tknow_________.
A.whereisTim‟sfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmade
C.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatch
18.Noonetoldus_________,soweneedyourhelp.
A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.whattodoD.whatshouldwedo
19.Wedon‟tknow_________withtherubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.
A.howdoitB.howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo
20.Heaskedme_________.
A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoney
B.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoney
C.whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundout
D.whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney
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21.Didyouhear______?
A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.IsaidwhatD.whatIsay
22.Canyoutellme________?
A.whichclassyouareinB.whichclassareyouin
C.youareinwhichclassD.areyouinwhichclass
23.---Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_______?
---Certainly.
A.whencanIgettothestationB.Icangettowhichstation
C.whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestation
24.Couldyoutellmewhere_______yesterday?
A.didyougoB.yougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent
25.Tomaskedme________.
A.whoseshirtwasthisB.whoseshirtthiswas
C.whoshirtwasthisD.whoshirtthiswas
26.Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______?
A.where‟stheteachers‟officeB.where‟sthebusstation
C.what‟sshedoingD.wherethepostofficeis
27.IwanttoseeMrs.Wang,butIdon‟tknow_______.
A.sheliveswhereB.shewherelivesC.whereshelives
D.wheredoesshelive
28.---GoandaskMr.Whiteforhelp.---ButIdon‟tknow_______.
A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelives
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C.whereishelivingD.helivesthere
29.---Canyoutellme______?
---Yes,helivesinasmalltown.
A.wherehelivesB.whoissingingC.whenhewillleave
D.whathesaid
30.Haveyoudecided______forLondon?
A.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleave
C.whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing
31.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______ourtickets?
A.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC.wheredidwe
showD.whereweshallshow
32.---Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?
---Weareallinterestedin______.
A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.Howeggfries
D.howdoeseggfry
33.Doyouknow_______?
A.whatitisB.whatisitC.whoishe
D.whosenameisit
34.Doyouknow_______?
A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC.thisbookiswhose
D.who‟sbookthisis
35.Idon‟tknow______now.
A.whereismycatB.mycatiswhereC.wheremycatis
D.wheremycat
36.Doesheknow______?
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A.what‟syournameB.whatnameisyourC.whatyourisname
D.whatyournameis
37.Doyouknow______?
A.whichfloorhelivesB.whichfloorheliveson
C.helivesonwhichfloorD.whichfloordoesheliveson
38.Tellmewhere____?
A.isthehospitalB.thehospitalisC.ishospitalD.hospitalis
39.Hehasn‟tdecided_______.
A.ifhe‟llgoonatriptoWuxiB.whenwillhegoonatriptoWuxi
C.ifhegoesonatriptoWuxiD.whendoeshegoonatriptoWuxi
40.Canyousee________?
A.whathe‟sreadingB.whatishereadingC.whatdoesheread
D.hereadswhat
能力提高练习
1.Idon’tknow_________hewillcometomorrow._________hecomes,I’lltellyou．
A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If
2.Idon’tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow.
A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomes
D.whetherhe’llcome
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3.Couldyoutellme____thenearesthospitalis?
A.whatB.how
C.whetherD.where
4.Couldyoutellme_________theradiowithoutanyhelp?
A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended
5.Iwanttoknow_________.
A.whomisshelookingafterB.whomsheislooking
C.whomisshelookingD.whomsheislookingafter
6.Doyouknowwhere_________now?
A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive
7.Doyouknowwhattime_________?
A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetra
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