英语基础习题三.docx
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英语基础习题三
习题三
阅读理解
(一)
IliveinthelandofDisney,Hollywoodandyear-roundsun.Youmaythinkpeopleinsuchaglamorous,fun-filledplacearehappierthanothers.Ifso,youhavesomemistakenideasaboutthenatureofhappiness.
Manyintelligentpeoplestillequatehappinesswithfun.Thetruthisthatfunandhappinesshavelittleornothingincommon.Funiswhatweexperienceduringanact.Happinessiswhatweexperienceafteranact.Itisadeeper,moreabidingemotion.
Goingtoanamusementparkorballgame,watchingamovieortelevision,arefunactivitiesthathelpusrelax,temporarilyforgetourproblemsandmaybeevenlaugh.Buttheydonotbringhappiness,becausetheirpositiveeffectsendwhenthefunends.
IhaveoftenthoughtthatifHollywoodstarshavearoletoplay,itistoteachusthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfun.Theserich,beautifulindividualshaveconstantaccesstoglamorousparties,fancycars,expensivehomes,everythingthatspells“happiness”.Butinmemoiraftermemoir,celebritiesrevealtheunhappinesshiddenbeneathalltheirfun:
depression,alcoholism,drugaddiction,brokenmarriages,troubledchildrenandprofoundloneliness.
Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifhe’shonest,hewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventureandexcitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.
Similarly,couplesthatchoosenottohavechildrenaredecidinginfavorofpainlessfunoverpainfulhappiness.Theycandineoutevertheywantandsleepaslateastheywant.Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight’ssleeporathree-dayvacation.Idon’tknowanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfuntodescriberaisingchildren.
Understandingandacceptingthattruehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizationswecanevercometo.Itliberatestime:
nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:
buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:
wenowunderstandthatallthoserichandglamorouspeopleweweresosurearehappybecausetheyarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.
ofthefollowingistrue?
createslong-lastingsatisfaction.
providesenjoymentwhilepainleadstohappiness.
isenduringwhereasfunisshort-lived.
thatislong-standingmayleadtohappiness.
theauthor,Hollywoodstarsallhaveanimportantroletoplaythatisto__.
memoiraftermemoirabouttheirhappiness.
thepublicthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfun.
peoplehowtoenjoytheirlives.
happinesstothepublicinsteadofgoingtoglamorousparties.
theauthor’sopinion,marriage___.
greaterfun.
toraisingchildren.
commitment.
inpain.
havinginfantchildren___.
luckysincetheycanhaveawholenight’ssleep.
funintuckingthemintobedatnight.
moretimetoplayandjokewiththem.
happinessfromtheirendeavor.
onegetthemeaningofthetruesenseofhappiness,hewill__.
playinggamesandjokingwithothers.
thebestuseofhistimeincreasinghappiness.
afreehandtomoney.
himselfwithhisfamily.
(二)
Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.
Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sanewforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvaluethemiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrolechoices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnotvaluethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.SomeyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightinthewarinVietnam.
Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicandsocialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon“overtime”worksothattheycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturnedawayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.
Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen’sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicandsocialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreaternumbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen’sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations:
policework,banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequalopportunitiesforpromotion.
Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenandwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.
ofthefollowingbestexpressthemainideaofParagraph1?
usuallyworkedoutsidethehomeforwages.
andwomen’sroleswereeasilyexchangedinthepast.
’srolesathomeweremorefirmlyfixedthanwomen’s.
andwomen’sroleswereusuallyquiteseparatedinthepast.
sentencebestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph2?
firstsentence.
secondandthethirdsentences.
fourthsentence.
lastsentence.
thepassagetheauthorproposesthatthecounterculture___.
theUnitedStates.
someAmericanvalues.
notimportantintheUnitedStates.
peoplemoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.
couldbeinferredfromthepassagethat___.
andwomenwillneversharethesamegoals.
menwillbewillingtoexchangetheirtraditionalmaleroles.
menwillbehappytosharesomeofthehouseholdresponsibilitieswiththeirwives.
Americanhouseholdsareheadedbywomenthaneverbefore.
besttitleforthepassagemaybe___.
ofFeministMovements
influenceinAmericanLife
andItsconsequence
DivisionofMaleandFemaleRoles.
改错练习
(一)
Oneofthethreemajorcommercialnetworks,CBSwereorganized1.____
inl928whichitsfounder,WilliamPaley,acquired2.____
ownershipofagroupofradiostations.Asthe
ColumbiaBroadcastingSystemexpandeditsoperations,
soonbecomethelargestradionetworkinthe3.____
UnitedStates,itprecociouslyrecognizedthepotential
fortherapidlyevovedtelevisionbroadcasting4.____
technology.OnJuly13th,1931,itbeganexperimentally5.____
televisionbroadcastinginNewYork,andtenyearslate
rbeganregularblackandwhiteweekbroadcastsover6.____
itsWCBWTVstationinthesamecity,thatbecame7.____
WCBSTVinNovember1946.WithTelevisionCity
inHollywood,CBSlaunchedtheindustry’sfirstfull
scaleproductionstudio.
TodayCBSownstelevisionstations,radiostations,
andhomevideoproductionanddistributioninterests.
TheCBS\BroadcastingGroupcomposedofsix8.____
divisions:
televisionnetwork,entertainment,sports,
news,localtelevisionstations,andradio.
Formostofcommercialtelevisionhistory,CBS
hasbeentheleaderinprimetimeratings,havingthe
highestratedshowsinalmosteveryyearfromthe
mid1950sthroughthemid1980s.Duringthelate
1980s,however,CBSlostitstoppositionfromNBC.9.____
CBShastraditionallybeenstrongintheTV
newsarea.ThenetworkbeganthefirstregularTVnews
programinl948withDouglasEdwardsasanchor,
JournalismlegendssuchasEdwardR.Murrowand
WalterCronkitegaveCBSitsreputationasquality10.____
newsbroadcaster.
(二)
Americanlawregardsapartnershipasanassociation
oftwoormorepersonswhohaveagreedto
combinetheirlabour,property,andskill,orsomeor
allofthem,forthepurposeofengaginginlawful
businessandsharedprofitsandlossesbetweenthem.1.____
Thepartiesformingsuchanassociationisknownas2.____
partners.Partnersmaycreateanameanduseareal3.____
familynameornamesforapartnership.Theagreement
toformapartnershipisknownasanarticleof
copartershiporpartershipcontract.Theimportantest4.____
provisionoftheagreementistheonestipulatingthe
mannerofdistributingprofits.
Anynumberofpersonsmaycontracttoforming5.____
apartnership,andfirmsofpartnersmayenterinto
partnershipwithoneanother.However,most
corporationshavenotpowertoenterintopartnership6.____
ifsuchpowerisexpresslygiveninthecorporatecharter7.____
orarticleofassociation.Newmembersmaybe
admittedintoanexistedpartnershiponlywiththe8.____
consentofallthepartners.Theagreementofapartnership
hasadefinitetermofyearsingeneral.Ifnoduration
isspecified,itissaidtobeapartnershipat
willandcanlegallyterminateatanytimebyany9.____
partners.Apartnershipcanbedissolvedorterminated10.____
andthetermsofthepartnershipagreementmodified
atany