英语基础习题三.docx

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英语基础习题三.docx

英语基础习题三

习题三

阅读理解

(一)

IliveinthelandofDisney,Hollywoodandyear-roundsun.Youmaythinkpeopleinsuchaglamorous,fun-filledplacearehappierthanothers.Ifso,youhavesomemistakenideasaboutthenatureofhappiness.

Manyintelligentpeoplestillequatehappinesswithfun.Thetruthisthatfunandhappinesshavelittleornothingincommon.Funiswhatweexperienceduringanact.Happinessiswhatweexperienceafteranact.Itisadeeper,moreabidingemotion.

Goingtoanamusementparkorballgame,watchingamovieortelevision,arefunactivitiesthathelpusrelax,temporarilyforgetourproblemsandmaybeevenlaugh.Buttheydonotbringhappiness,becausetheirpositiveeffectsendwhenthefunends.

IhaveoftenthoughtthatifHollywoodstarshavearoletoplay,itistoteachusthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfun.Theserich,beautifulindividualshaveconstantaccesstoglamorousparties,fancycars,expensivehomes,everythingthatspells“happiness”.Butinmemoiraftermemoir,celebritiesrevealtheunhappinesshiddenbeneathalltheirfun:

depression,alcoholism,drugaddiction,brokenmarriages,troubledchildrenandprofoundloneliness.

Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifhe’shonest,hewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventureandexcitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.

Similarly,couplesthatchoosenottohavechildrenaredecidinginfavorofpainlessfunoverpainfulhappiness.Theycandineoutevertheywantandsleepaslateastheywant.Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight’ssleeporathree-dayvacation.Idon’tknowanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfuntodescriberaisingchildren.

Understandingandacceptingthattruehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizationswecanevercometo.Itliberatestime:

nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:

buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:

wenowunderstandthatallthoserichandglamorouspeopleweweresosurearehappybecausetheyarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.

  ofthefollowingistrue?

createslong-lastingsatisfaction.

providesenjoymentwhilepainleadstohappiness.

  isenduringwhereasfunisshort-lived.

  thatislong-standingmayleadtohappiness.

theauthor,Hollywoodstarsallhaveanimportantroletoplaythatisto__.

memoiraftermemoirabouttheirhappiness.

  thepublicthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfun.

  peoplehowtoenjoytheirlives.

  happinesstothepublicinsteadofgoingtoglamorousparties.

  theauthor’sopinion,marriage___.

  greaterfun.

  toraisingchildren.

  commitment.

  inpain.

  havinginfantchildren___.

  luckysincetheycanhaveawholenight’ssleep.

  funintuckingthemintobedatnight.

  moretimetoplayandjokewiththem.

  happinessfromtheirendeavor.

  onegetthemeaningofthetruesenseofhappiness,hewill__.

  playinggamesandjokingwithothers.

  thebestuseofhistimeincreasinghappiness.

  afreehandtomoney.

  himselfwithhisfamily.

(二)

Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.

Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sanewforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvaluethemiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrolechoices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnotvaluethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.SomeyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightinthewarinVietnam.

Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicandsocialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon“overtime”worksothattheycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturnedawayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.

Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen’sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicandsocialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreaternumbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen’sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations:

policework,banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenandwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

  ofthefollowingbestexpressthemainideaofParagraph1?

  usuallyworkedoutsidethehomeforwages.

  andwomen’sroleswereeasilyexchangedinthepast.

  ’srolesathomeweremorefirmlyfixedthanwomen’s.

  andwomen’sroleswereusuallyquiteseparatedinthepast.

  sentencebestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph2?

  firstsentence.

  secondandthethirdsentences.

  fourthsentence.

  lastsentence.

  thepassagetheauthorproposesthatthecounterculture___.

  theUnitedStates.

  someAmericanvalues.

  notimportantintheUnitedStates.

  peoplemoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.

  couldbeinferredfromthepassagethat___.

  andwomenwillneversharethesamegoals.

  menwillbewillingtoexchangetheirtraditionalmaleroles.

  menwillbehappytosharesomeofthehouseholdresponsibilitieswiththeirwives.

  Americanhouseholdsareheadedbywomenthaneverbefore.

  besttitleforthepassagemaybe___.

  ofFeministMovements

  influenceinAmericanLife

  andItsconsequence

  DivisionofMaleandFemaleRoles.

 

改错练习

(一)

Oneofthethreemajorcommercialnetworks,CBSwereorganized1.____

inl928whichitsfounder,WilliamPaley,acquired2.____

ownershipofagroupofradiostations.Asthe

ColumbiaBroadcastingSystemexpandeditsoperations,

soonbecomethelargestradionetworkinthe3.____

UnitedStates,itprecociouslyrecognizedthepotential

fortherapidlyevovedtelevisionbroadcasting4.____

technology.OnJuly13th,1931,itbeganexperimentally5.____

televisionbroadcastinginNewYork,andtenyearslate

rbeganregularblackandwhiteweekbroadcastsover6.____

itsWCBWTVstationinthesamecity,thatbecame7.____

WCBSTVinNovember1946.WithTelevisionCity

inHollywood,CBSlaunchedtheindustry’sfirstfull

scaleproductionstudio.

TodayCBSownstelevisionstations,radiostations,

andhomevideoproductionanddistributioninterests.

TheCBS\BroadcastingGroupcomposedofsix8.____

divisions:

televisionnetwork,entertainment,sports,

news,localtelevisionstations,andradio.

Formostofcommercialtelevisionhistory,CBS

hasbeentheleaderinprimetimeratings,havingthe

highestratedshowsinalmosteveryyearfromthe

mid1950sthroughthemid1980s.Duringthelate

1980s,however,CBSlostitstoppositionfromNBC.9.____

CBShastraditionallybeenstrongintheTV

newsarea.ThenetworkbeganthefirstregularTVnews

programinl948withDouglasEdwardsasanchor,

JournalismlegendssuchasEdwardR.Murrowand

WalterCronkitegaveCBSitsreputationasquality10.____

newsbroadcaster.

(二)

Americanlawregardsapartnershipasanassociation

oftwoormorepersonswhohaveagreedto

combinetheirlabour,property,andskill,orsomeor

allofthem,forthepurposeofengaginginlawful

businessandsharedprofitsandlossesbetweenthem.1.____

Thepartiesformingsuchanassociationisknownas2.____

partners.Partnersmaycreateanameanduseareal3.____

familynameornamesforapartnership.Theagreement

toformapartnershipisknownasanarticleof

copartershiporpartershipcontract.Theimportantest4.____

provisionoftheagreementistheonestipulatingthe

mannerofdistributingprofits.

Anynumberofpersonsmaycontracttoforming5.____

apartnership,andfirmsofpartnersmayenterinto

partnershipwithoneanother.However,most

corporationshavenotpowertoenterintopartnership6.____

ifsuchpowerisexpresslygiveninthecorporatecharter7.____

orarticleofassociation.Newmembersmaybe

admittedintoanexistedpartnershiponlywiththe8.____

consentofallthepartners.Theagreementofapartnership

hasadefinitetermofyearsingeneral.Ifnoduration

isspecified,itissaidtobeapartnershipat

willandcanlegallyterminateatanytimebyany9.____

partners.Apartnershipcanbedissolvedorterminated10.____

andthetermsofthepartnershipagreementmodified

atany

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