高中英语句型最全归纳.docx

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高中英语句型最全归纳.docx

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高中英语句型最全归纳.docx

高中英语句型最全归纳

1.bedoing/beabouttodo/beonthepointofdoing/haddone…,when…(when:

这时,强调一个动作的突然发生)

1)Iwaswalkingalongtheriver,whenIheardadrowningboycryforhelp.

2)Iwasabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.

3)Ihadjustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang,announcingtheexamwasover.

 

2.Itwas(not)+时间段+before+一般过去时“过了一段时间就……”

 Itwill(not)be+时间段+before+一般现在时“要过一段时间才会……”

 Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since…

 Itwas+点时间+when…

 Itwas+时间状语+that…(强调句)

 

1)Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.

不久他就意识到他处境危险。

(动作已发生)

2)Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromtheschool.

还有半年你才从这个学校毕业。

(动作未发生)

3)Itis3yearssinceheworkedhere.=helefthere.(since从句中的谓语动词若是延续性动词,要从这个动作结束的时候算起)

4)Itwas3o’clockwhentheyreceivedthetelephone.

5)Itwasat3o’clockthattheyreceivedthetelephone.

 

3.once…一旦……,表示时间和条件

1)Onceyoustart,youwillnevergiveup.

2)Onceyouunderstandwhattheteacherexplained,youwillhavenodifficultydoingthework.

 

4.the+比较级……,the+比较级……“越……越……”

Themorebooksyouread,themoreknowledgeyouwillget.

 

5.whether…or…无论是……还是……

1)Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.

2)Anyperson,whetheryoungorold,hashisownworth.

 

6.祈使句+or/otherwise+结果句或祈使句+and+结果句

 

1)Stopdoingsuchafoolishthing,oryouwillbepunishedintime.

 2)Moreeffort,andtheproblemwouldhavebeensettled.

 

7.everytime/eachtime/nexttime/thefirsttime/anytime等短语引导时间状语从句,表示“每当,每次,下次,第一次,任何时候”。

 

1)Everytimeyoumeetwithnewwordswhilereading,don’talwaysrefertoyourdictionary.

2)Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.

3)Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.

 

8.Thereis(no)needtodo…

   Thereis(no)hope/chance/possibilityofdoing…

   Thereis(no)difficulty/trouble/point/delay(in)doing

1)Isthereanychanceofourwinningthematch?

2)Thereisnopointindiscussingtheproblemagain.

 

9.it强调句:

基本构成形式:

Itis/was+被强调部分+who/that+原句剩余部分

 

Imethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.

 

 ItwasIwho/thatmethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(强调是我,不是别人)

 

ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterdayafternoon.(强调是在大街上,不是在别的地方,强调的是地点,但不用where)

ItwasyesterdayafternoonthatImethiminthestreet.(强调是昨天下午,不是在别的时候,强调的是时间,但不用when)

 

10.not...until直到……才

 1)Thevillagersdidn’trealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilallthefishdiedintheriver.

 2)Itwasnotuntilallthefishdiedintheriverthatthevillagersrealizedhowseriousthepollutionwas.(强调句)

 3)Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.(倒装句)

 

11.notonly…but(also)…

 引导并列结构:

作主语时,谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。

 Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentshavetheireyesexaminedregularly.

 notonly...but(also)…引导并列句时,notonly引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装。

1)Notonlywaseverythinghehadtakenaway,butalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenaway.

2)Notonlyshouldwestudentsstudyhard,butalsoweshouldknowhowtoenjoyourselvesinoursparetime.

 

12.wouldrather+从句(从句要用虚拟语气,即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式,表示现在或将来的愿望;从句中谓语动词用过去完成市,表示对过去的愿望)

1)I’dratheryoupostedtheletterrightnow.我想让你现在就把信寄出去。

2)I’dratherIhadn’tseenheryesterday.我情愿昨天没见到她。

13.so,neither/nor引导得倒装

表示“另一者也如此”及前者的情况也适用于后者,用so,neither/nor引导的倒装句,助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。

 

1)Hehasfinishedhishomework,sohaveI.

2)Mysisterpreferscoffee,sodoI.

3)Johncan’trideabicycle,neither/norcanI.

 

若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时,或谓语动词不属于一类时,用Itis/wasthesamewithsb.或Soitis/waswithsb.

1)Heisaworkerandheworkshard,soitiswithJohn.

 

若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可,则主语和谓语不倒装。

1)—Itiscoldtoday.—Yes.Soitis

2)—HevisitedTokyolastweek.—Yes.Sohedid.

 

14.倍数表达法:

A+谓语+倍数+the+n.(size/height/length…)+ofB

A+谓语+倍数+as+abj.+asB

A+谓语+倍数+adj.比较级+thanB

A+谓语+adj.比较级+thanB+by+倍数

 

1)Thissquareistwicethesizeofthatone.

 Thissquareistwiceaslargeasthatone.

 Thissquareisoncelargerthanthatone.

2)Thisfactoryproducedthreetimesasmanycarsastheydid10yearsago.

3)Heis3yearsolderthanI

HeisolderthanIby3years.

 

15.as/with表示“随……进展”,as后面接句子,with后面接短语。

 

1)Withtheindustrydeveloping,thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.

2)Astheindustrydevelops,thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.

 

16.with的复合结构(作状语或作定语)

 

with+n.+adj.(with可以省略)

 

1)(With)thestreetwetandslippery,wehadtorideourbikesslowlyandcarefully.

 

Becausethestreetwerewetandslippery,…

 

2)Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,(with)theireyeswideopen.

 

Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,andtheireyeswerewideopen.

 

with+n.+adv.(with可以省略)

 

1)Heputonhiscoathurriedly,(with)thewrongsideout.

 

with+n.+prep-phrase(with可以省略)

 

1)Theoldmanwasseatedinthesofa,(with)apipeinhismouth.

 

with+n.+todo/tobedone(动词不定式的动作还未进行)

 

with+n.+doing/beingdone(动词不定式的动作正在进行)

 

with+n.+done(动词不定式的动作已经完成或指n.所处的状态)

 

1)Withsomanyproblemstosettle,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardyear.

 

2)Hewaslyinginbed,withhiseyesfixedontheceiling.

 

3)Withthetemplebeingrepaired,wecan’tvisitedit.

 

17.以here,there,in,out,up,down,away等副词开头的倒装句(多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作)。

 

1)Herecomesthebus!

(=Thebusiscominghere!

 

2)Awayhewent.他走远了。

(若主语是代词则主语与谓语不倒装)

 

18.方位状语位于句首时的倒装句。

 

1)Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.

 

2)Underthetreesataboy,withabookinhishand.

 

19.具有否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时句子要部分倒装。

常用的有:

little,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,nosooner,innotime,bynomeans,innocase等。

20.themoment,theminute,immediately,directly,ondoing…表示“一……就”

1)Onarriving(hisarrival)attheairport,hewassurroundedbythereporters.

2)—HaveyougiveJohnthebook?

—Yes,themomentIsawhim.

 

21.while/but:

while侧重两者之间的对比,but多指一件事的两个对立面。

1)HelikeslisteningtomusicwhileIlikewatchingTV.

2)Ibadlywantedthatbook,butIhaven’tenoughmoney.

 

22.onlytodo作结果状语,多用来表示出人意料、结局令人沮丧的结果。

动词多是终结性的词,如:

find,learn,tobetold,tobecaught等。

1)Hisfatherdisappeared,nevertobeheardfromagain.

2)Hehurriedtohisoffice,onlytobetoldthathewasdismissed.

 

23.only+状语的结构放在句首,主句要部分倒装。

1)Theteachertoldmethatonlyinthatway,couldIlearnEnglishwell.

2)Ireceivedmymother’scallat11a.m.,onlythendidIrememberitwasmybirthdaytoday.

 

24.taste,smell,look,sound,feel等感官动词作为系动词后面要接adj.作表语。

1)Appleofthiskindtastesverynice.

2)Smellingnice,thiskindofbreadsellswell.

 

25.有些动词常用作不及物动词与well或easily连用,表示某物具备的某种特征,常用的词有sell,cut,wash,last,burn等。

1)Hislatestworksellswell.

2)Drywoodburnseasily.

 

26.否定词与比较级连用,表达最高级的含义。

1)Ihaveneverseenabetterfilm.

2)Ican’tagreeyoumore.我非常同意。

 

27.It的句型

不定式作主语,it作形式主语:

It+系动词+adj./n.+forsb.todo(forsb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者)

It+系动词+adj.+ofsb.todo(ofsb.既表示动词不定式动作的执行者又表示人所具备的性质或特征)

 

1)It’simportantforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.

2)It’sthoughtfulofhimtofixusupforthenight.

 

不定式作宾语,it作形式宾语:

主语+think/consider/believe/make/feel+it+adj./n.+forsb./ofsb.+todo

1)Ifeelitfoolishofhimtobelievesuchaman.

2)Thetimelyrainhadmadeitpossibleforthecropstogrowwell.

Itissaid/thought/hoped/believed…that…

Sb.issaid/thought/hoped/believedtodo…

 

1)Itissaidthatheisstudyingabroad.—>Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.

2)ItisconsideredthatmanycountrieshighlyvalueChina’sroleinhelpingworld’speace.

 =ManycountriesisconsideredtohighlyvalueChina’sroleinhelpingworld’speace.

 

Itistimetodo/Itistimethat+主语+动词的一般过去式,表示该是做…….的时候了。

1)Itistimethatweendedthediscussion.

28.虚拟语气中的重点句型

If+were/did(动词过去式),主语+情态动词(would,could,might,should)+do(用来表示对现在情况的假设)

①Idon’thaveacellphone.IfIhadone,itwouldbeconvenientformetocontractothers.

 

If+haddone(过去完成式),主语+情态动词(would,could,might,should)+havedone(用来表示对过去情况的假设)

②IfIhadgonetotheconcert,Iwouldhaveseenthefamoussinger.

 

If+were/did(动词过去式)/weretodo/shoulddo,主语+情态动词(would,could,might,should)+do(用来表示对将来情况的假设)

③IfIwerenottotake/shouldtake/tooktheexamtomorrow,Iwouldgoshoppingwithyou.

 

虚拟语气条件句的倒装:

在虚拟语气条件句中,如果出现助动词were,should,had,可省略if,把这些词提到主语前面,变成倒装句。

①Shouldheactlikethatagain,hewouldbefined.(Ifheshouldactlikethatagain,…)

 

Werehetoactlikethatagain,hewouldbefined.(Ifheweretoactlikethatagain,…)

 

***Ifheactedlikethatagain,…(不可以倒装)

 

②Hadthedoctorcomeintimelastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.(Ifthedoctorhadcomeintimelastnight,…)

 

③IfIhadtimenow,Iwouldgotothefilmwithyou.(不可以倒装,因为句中的had不是助动词)

 

Butfor…-->Ifitwerenotfor…/Ifithadn’tbeenfor

①Butforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersonboardwouldn’thavebeensaved.(Ifithadn’tbeenforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersonboard…)

 

②Butforyourrichparents,youwouldn’tlivesuchaneasylife.(Ifitwerenotforyourrichparents,youwouldn’tlivesuchaneasylife.

 

在suggest,insist,demand,require,request,order,advise,propose等表示建议、要求、命令、主张的动词引导的名词性从句中,从句的谓语动词要用(should)do的形式。

①MotherinsistedthatJohn(should)gotobedbefore9o’clock.

对比:

HeinsistedthatIhadtakenawayhisdictionary.(不是建议、要求、命令或主张)

 

②HissuggestionthatTony(should)beinvitedto

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