备战高考英语外刊话题阅读语篇精选专题17 气候变化或导致鸟类灭绝原卷版.docx
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备战高考英语外刊话题阅读语篇精选专题17气候变化或导致鸟类灭绝原卷版
气候变化或导致鸟类灭绝
VOA
读前导读:
数位科学家重新进行了1985年在秘鲁的鸟类研究。
该研究表明,气候变化正在迫使鸟类从大自然灭绝。
一:
高级实词荟萃
1.Movementn.
2.Academyn.
3.Collapsen./v
4.Environmentn.
5.Urbanadj.
6.Directorn.
7.Documentn./vt
8.Tropicaladj.
9.Establishedadj.
10.Recordingn.
11.Recreatevt
12.Researchern
13.Populationn
14.decreasev
15.completely.adv
16.co-writern
17.sourcesn
18.forcen/vt
19.elevationn
20.extinction.n
21.establishvt
22.alongsideprep
23.tropicaladj
24.releasevt
25.detailedadj
26.devicen
27.especiallyadv
28.climaten
二:
高级词汇拓展
1.directorn.董事,经理,主管,指导者,导演vt________________
2.establishedadj.已被确认的,确定的,建立的,vt____________建立
3.recreate重建vtcreaten创造____________n创造家____________adj____________adv____________
4.completely.完全正确adj____________
5.extinction.灭绝。
adj____________
6.detailed详细的n____________
7.especially尤其地adj____________
三:
高级短语荟萃
1.climatechange
2.inreactionto
3.setout
4.beusedtodoingsth
5.naturalenvironment.
6.birdslivingonamountainside
7.movetohigherplacesinthemountain
8.decreaseinsize
9.atthehigherelevations
10.dieoutcompletely.
11.becauseoftemperaturechanges
12.foodsources
13.forcethemtogohigher.
14.documentbirdsandotheranimals
15.thatrisingtemperatures
16.leadtoextinction.
17.establishacamp
18.alongsideariverrunningdownamountainside
19.detailednotesofbirdst
20.Theaveragetemperatures
21.place20soundrecordingdevices
22.anaverageof98metersfurtherupthemountain
23.beespeciallyatrisk
原汁文章思维能力提升训练
Scientistshaverecreateda1985studyofbirdsinPeruthatshowsclimatechangeispushingthemfromtheirnaturalenvironment.
Thirtyyearsago,researchersstudiedmorethan400kindsofbirdslivingonamountainsideinPeru.In2017,researcherslookedagainatthebirdpopulations.Theyfoundthatalmostallhadmovedtohigherplacesinthemountain.Almostallhaddecreasedinsize.And,thescientistssayatleasteightbirdgroupsthatstartedatthehigherelevationshaddiedoutcompletely.
JohnW.FitzpatrickisdirectoroftheCornellLaboratoryofOrnithologyandaco-writerofthestudy.Hesaid,Onceyoumoveupasfarasyoucango,there'snowhereelseleft.
Theresearcherssaythebirdsmighthavemovedupthemountainbecauseoftemperaturechanges.Or,theysay,changestofoodsourcesmayhaveforcedthemtogohigher.
ThefindingswerepublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.
Pastresearchhasdocumentedbirdsandotheranimalsmovingupinelevationinreactiontowarmingtemperatures.MarkUrbanisdirectoroftheCenterofBiologicalRiskattheUniversityofConnecticut.Hesaidthisrecentstudywasthefirsttoprovethatrisingtemperaturesandmovingtoavoidthemcanleadtoextinction.
In1985,FitzpatrickandateamofscientistsestablishedacampalongsideariverrunningdownamountainsideinsoutheasternPeru.Hewantedtodocumentwheretropicalbirdgroupstherelived.Histeamspentseveralweeksusingnetstocatchandreleasebirds.Theykeptdetailednotesofbirdstheycaught,saworheard.
In2016,Fitzpatrickpassedhisnotes,photosandotherrecordstoBenjaminFreeman.HeiswiththeBiodiversityResearchCentreattheUniversityofBritishColumbia.Freemanhasbeenresearchingtropicalbirdsformorethan10years.HesetoutinAugustandSeptemberof2017tocopyFitzpatrick'sstudy.Histeamusedthesamemethods,searchingthesameplacesinthesametimeofyear.
Freeman'steamwantedtoseehowthingshadchangedforthebirdgroupssince1985.Theaveragetemperaturesonthemountainhadrisen0.42degreesCelsius.
Freeman'steamplaced20soundrecordingdevicesonthemountaintorecordthesoundsofbirdsthatmightnoteasilybeseen.
Freemansaidthatthebirdsmovedanaverageof98metersfurtherupthemountain.Hesaidhebelievesthattemperatureisthemaincauseofthebirds'movement.
Fitzpatricknotedthatbirdsusedtolivinginareaswithlittletemperaturechangemaybeespeciallyatriskbecauseofclimatechange.Hesaid,Weshouldexpectthatwhat'shappeningonthismountaintopishappeningmoregenerallyintheAndes,andothertropicalmountainranges.
1.Whereisthepassagepossiblyfrom?
2.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
3.WhatistheaimofFitzpatrickandhisteam’sresearch?
4.Whydobirdsmoveupthemountain?
5.AccordingtoFreeman,whatisthemainreasonforbirds’movementupthetop?
五:
报刊复杂句式品鉴。
1.Pastresearchhasdocumentedbirdsandotheranimalsmovingupinelevationinreactiontowarmingtemperatures.
翻译:
__________________________________________________________________
解析:
本句中注意document本意是文件;这里是动词:
_______________________________。
本句的主干为:
_____________________________________。
其中movingupinelevationinreactiontowarmingtemperatures.为现在分词短语修饰前面的名词短语,作它们的______________________________定语。
2.Hesaidthisrecentstudywasthefirsttoprovethatrisingtemperaturesandmovingtoavoidthemcanleadtoextinction.
翻译:
_______________________________________________________
解析:
这个长句子含有主句hesaid+_____________从句:
thisrecentstudywasthefirsttoprovethatrisingtemperaturesandmovingtoavoidthemcanleadtoextinction.而宾语从句含有另外一个宾语从句:
__________________________.这个宾语从句的主语是动名词短语:
__________________________________________
双语赏析
Scientistshaverecreateda1985studyofbirdsinPeruthatshowsclimatechangeispushingthemfromtheirnaturalenvironment.
数位科学家重新进行了1985年在秘鲁的鸟类研究。
该研究表明,气候变化正在迫使鸟类从大自然灭绝。
Thirtyyearsago,researchersstudiedmorethan400kindsofbirdslivingonamountainsideinPeru.In2017,researcherslookedagainatthebirdpopulations.Theyfoundthatalmostallhadmovedtohigherplacesinthemountain.Almostallhaddecreasedinsize.And,thescientistssayatleasteightbirdgroupsthatstartedatthehigherelevationshaddiedoutcompletely.
30年前,多位科学家研究了400多种生活在秘鲁山坡的鸟类。
2017年,科学家回顾了这些鸟类的数据。
他们发现,几乎所有鸟类都迁徙到了山上更高的地方。
几乎鸟类体型都变小了。
此外,该研究的科学家还表示,至少8种鸟类原本生活在更高的海拔上,但现在已经彻底灭绝了。
JohnW.FitzpatrickisdirectoroftheCornellLaboratoryofOrnithologyandaco-writerofthestudy.Hesaid,Onceyoumoveupasfarasyoucango,there'snowhereelseleft.
约翰是康奈尔鸟类学实验室的负责人,也是该研究的一位署名作者。
他表示,越往上看,越了无生趣。
Theresearcherssaythebirdsmighthavemovedupthemountainbecauseoftemperaturechanges.Or,theysay,changestofoodsourcesmayhaveforcedthemtogohigher.
研究人员表示,这些鸟类之所以往上迁徙是因为气温变化。
也就是说,食物来源的变化可能迫使它们向上迁徙。
ThefindingswerepublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.
他们的发现成果发表在了《美国国家科学院院刊》上。
Pastresearchhasdocumentedbirdsandotheranimalsmovingupinelevationinreactiontowarmingtemperatures.MarkUrbanisdirectoroftheCenterofBiologicalRiskattheUniversityofConnecticut.Hesaidthisrecentstudywasthefirsttoprovethatrisingtemperaturesandmovingtoavoidthemcanleadtoextinction.
以前有研究发现鸟类等动物会随着气温的升高而向上迁徙。
马克是康涅狄格大学生物风险中心的负责人。
他表示,最近的这项研究首次证明了气温升高带来的向上迁徙会导致它们死亡。
In1985,FitzpatrickandateamofscientistsestablishedacampalongsideariverrunningdownamountainsideinsoutheasternPeru.Hewantedtodocumentwheretropicalbirdgroupstherelived.Histeamspentseveralweeksusingnetstocatchandreleasebirds.Theykeptdetailednotesofbirdstheycaught,saworheard.
1985年,菲茨帕特里克和一组科学家建起了一个营地,营地就在一条小河旁边,河水顺着秘鲁东南部的山坡流下。
菲茨帕特里克向记录那里的热带鸟类在哪儿生活。
他的团队耗时数周,用网来捕捉并释放鸟类。
他们记录了捕捉到的、看到的和听到的鸟类的细节信息。
In2016,Fitzpatrickpassedhisnotes,photosandotherrecordstoBenjaminFreeman.HeiswiththeBiodiversityResearchCentreattheUniversityofBritishColumbia.Freemanhasbeenresearchingtropicalbirdsformorethan10years.HesetoutinAugustandSeptemberof2017tocopyFitzpatrick'sstudy.Histeamusedthesamemethods,searchingthesameplacesinthesametimeofyear.
2016年,菲茨帕特里克将自己的笔记、照片等记录交给了本杰明·弗里曼。
后者在不列颠哥伦比亚大学生物多样性研究中心任职。
弗里曼研究热带鸟类已有10多年的时间。
他从2017年8月和9月开始做菲茨帕特里克的研究。
弗里曼的团队也用了相同的方法——每年在同一时间搜寻相同的地方。
Freeman'steamwantedtoseehowthingshadchangedforthebirdgroupssince1985.Theaveragetemperaturesonthemountainhadrisen0.42degreesCelsius.
弗里曼的团队想知道自1985年以来鸟类族群发生了哪些变化。
山上的平均温度升高了0.42摄氏度。
Freeman'steamplaced20soundrecordingdevicesonthemountaintorecordthesoundsofbirdsthatmightnoteasilybeseen.
弗里曼的团队将20个录音设备放置在山上,以记录鸟类的声音,因为有些鸟类可能不太容易遇到。
Freemansaidthatthebirdsmovedanaverageof98metersfurtherupthemountain.Hesaidhebelievesthattemperatureisthemaincauseofthebirds'movement.
弗里曼表示,所有鸟类平均向上迁徙了98米。
他表示自己相信温度是鸟类迁徙的主要原因。
Fitzpatricknotedthatbirdsusedtolivinginareaswithlittletemperaturechangemaybeespeciallyatriskbecauseofclimatechange.Hesaid,Weshouldexpectthatwhat'shappeningonthismountaintopishappeningmoregenerallyintheAndes,andothertropicalmountainranges.
菲茨帕特里克表示,习惯在温差不大的地区生活的鸟类可能尤其濒临危险,因为全球产生了气候变化。
他表示,我们应该料想到,这座山顶正在发生的一切也在安第斯山脉等热带山脉普遍发生着。
同话题泛读
Morethan11,000ScientistsDeclare'ClimateEmergency'
科学家宣布地球已进入“气候紧急状态”
Morethan11,000scientistsarewarningthattheEarth,intheirwords,"clearlyandunequivocallyfacesaclimateemergency."
超过1.1万名科学家警告称,用他们的话来说是,地球“显然且毫无疑问面临着气候紧急状况。
”
Thescientistsrepresentseveralfieldsofstudyandcomefrom150countriesaroundtheworld.TheyapprovedareportthatappearedinthepublicationBioscienceearlierthismonth.Itwarnsthattheworldwouldface"untoldhumansuffering"ifitdoesnotmakedeepandlastingshiftsinhumanactivitiesthatinfluenceclimatechange.
这些科学家们来自全球150个国家,代表了多个研究领域。
他们批准的一份报告本月初发表在《生物科学》杂志上。
该报告警告称,如果不对影响气候变化的人类活动作出深刻而持久的改变,世界将面临“巨大的人类苦难。
”
Thenewreportiscalledthe"WorldScientists'WarningofaClimateEmergency."ThreeleadersofthestudyarefromtheUnitedStates.TheyareecologistsBill