《傲慢与偏见》的喜剧效果英文免费.docx

《傲慢与偏见》的喜剧效果英文免费.docx

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《傲慢与偏见》的喜剧效果英文免费

《傲慢与偏见》的喜剧效果（英文--免费）

ThemajorthemeinPrideandPrejudiceisquiteobvious,andisgiventousintheveryfirstlines,"Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife."AustenfocuseshernovelabouttheBennetfamily,andtheirchallengeofmarryingtheir5daughters.Mrs.Bennetisparticularlyconcernedwiththesemarriages,andinhereffortstoensuretheirmarriagesasquicklyandadvantageouslyaspossible,createsahilariousdramaaboutfamily,society,andmarriage.Itisthelatterspecifically,though,thatAustenismostthoroughinpresentingtous.Hernovelisaboutthedifferenttypesofrelationshipsthatpeopleendupinandhowtheyhandlethem.Weencounterseveralproposalsandmarriagesthroughoutthenovel,eachcharacterizedbythepersonsinvolved,theirstatuses,andtheirfamilies,amongotherthings.Whatismosttelling,though,isAusten'suseofhumorindescribingandexploringthesedifferentrelationships.

TherearetwomaintypesofhumorusedinPrideandPrejudice.Thefirstistheverysubtle,particularhumorwhichusuallycomesoutinthedialogueofthenovel,especiallyfromMr.Bennet,Elizabeth,andDarcy.Thesecondisamoreobviouskindofawkward,'slapstick'comedyasseeninMrs.Bennetjumpingbetweennervousbreakdownsandexcitementoveranewrichmanintown,orMr.Collins'incessantbowing.Theformertypeofhumorismostlyfoundbetweenpeopleinarelationship,andisusedtoshowtheleveloffamiliarityandcomfortthatexistsinrelationships,suchasthatbetweenElizabethandDarcyandbetweentheGardiners.Thelatter

andfeignedignoranceofherintentions.WhenshestatesherintentionofmakingBingleyfallinlovewithoneofherdaughters,Mr.Bennetsays,sarcastically,"Isthathisdesigninsettlinghere?

"Itisalmostasifhepitiesthemanalready,knowingthathiswifeiscomingforhim,andaskshertoleavehimselfcompletelyoutofit.Mr.Bennetsobviousdistasteforhiswifeiswherehiswitcomesthrough.And,itisallthefunnierbecauseMrs.Bennetisn'tabletopickuponit.Hetellsher,whensheiscomplainingofhimvexinghernerves,"Youmistakeme,mydear.Ihaveahighrespectforyournerves.Theyaremyoldfriends.Ihaveheardyoumentionthemwithconsiderationthesetwentyyearsatleast."Austenendsthechaptersummarizingtheircharactersthus,"Mr.Bennetwassooddamixtureofquickparts,sarcastichumor,reserve,andcaprice,thattheexperienceofthreeandtwentyyearshadbeeninsufficienttomakehiswifeunderstandhischaracter.Hermindwaslessdifficulttodevelop.Shewasawomanofmeanunderstanding,littleinformation,anduncertaintemper.Whenshewasdiscontentedshefanciedherselfnervous.Thebusinessofherlifewastogetherdaughtersmarried;itssolacewasvisitingandnews."

TheBennets'marriageisnotonlyoneofthemorethoroughlyexploredrelationships,butitalsoservesasatemplatefortherelationshipstheirdaughterssoonenterinto.ItiseasytotraceJaneandElizabeth,astheirfather'sfavoritesandtheonlyoneswithanysense,totheirhappyendings.Elizabethespeciallytakesafterherfather'switandintelligence;sheissmartenoughtorecognizehermotherasthebasketcasethatsheisandcleverenoughtonotturnoutlikeher.Janeisalsointelligent,buthasanaivetythatcomesfromhermother.ItseemsthatwhatreallymakesthingshappenforJanearehersweetdispositionandgreatbeauty;shedoesnothavetheboldnesstogetherselfintotroubleasElizabethdoes,andsohasnoneedforherfatherandElizabeth'scunning.TherestofthedaughtersarenotcaredforbyMr.Bennet.Hesaysofthem,"Theyhavenonofthemmuchtorecommendthem,theyareallsillyandignorantlikeothergirls;butLizzyhassomethingmoreofquicknessthanhersisters."Hemakeshisdistasteforthemhilariouslyclear.ThereisascenewhereheasksMary,themiddle,bookishchild,heropinionofMr.Bingley.Sheissopreoccupiedwithsoundingintelligentthatshecannotevenanswerasimplequestion,andstandstheredumb.Mr.Bennetsays,"Well,whileMaryisbusyadjustingherideas,letusreturntoMr.Bingley."

ThoughwearenotgivenmuchinformationonthehistoryofMr.andMrs.Bennet,oneisgiventheimpressionthathewasanaiveyoungmanwhosimplythoughtshewasgood-looking,andthengotsuckeredintomarryingher.Hehasbeenpayingforitfor23yearsnow.Whileonecannothelppityhissituation,it'shardtoexcusehimfrombeingsuchaterriblefather.Hegovernshishouseasamanwhohasgivenuplongago.ThisismadeespeciallyclearwhenLydiaaskstogoawaywithWickham'sregiment;whileElizabethseesLydia'sidiocyandWickham'sbadintentionsasthedreadfulcombinationthatitwas.Mr.BennetseesthesituationonlyasachancetogetMrs.BennetoffofhiscaseandtogetridofLydiaatthesametime.Hisapathytowardshisfamily,thoughusuallyhilarious,actuallydoescausegreatdistressforhimselfandhisfavoritedaughter.

ItseemsthathumoristheonlywayMr.Bennethaskepthimselffrominsanityforthislong.Heisunhappywithhislife-hehasamiserablewife,noheirtohisfortune,and5daughterstomarry.Heappeaseshiswifeasmuchashehastoinordertokeepherfromnagginghimtodeath.Whenhecan,heshutshimselfawayinhislibrary,leavingthefamilytofendforthemselves.Whenheisforcedoutontohisroleashusbandandfather,hetoleratesitonlyattheexpenseofhiswifeandthreeyoungerdaughters.WhilethisaddswittyrelieftothefranticsettingoftheBennethouse,itshowstheproblemofanimprudentmarriage.ThereisneitherlovenorrespectbetweenMr.andMrs.Bennet.Toavoidanentirelydepressingnovel,AustenhasMr.Bennetendowedwithwittowardshiswife,whichsometimesevencomesoutasendearmentforher,butthisisallthatheiscapableofshowing.PoorMrs.Bennet,however,isignorantofherridiculousnessandshallowness,andevenherhusband'sdisregardforher.Itisperhapsbetter,then,thatsheissonaïveandself-focused.

Arelationshipsuchastheirswouldnotbetolerableforanyoftheothercouplespresentedinthenovel;itisthespecialmixofMr.Bennet'splayfulsarcasmandMrs.Bennet'spreoccupationwiththestateofhernervesandherdaughters'courtshipswhichallowstherelationshiptocontinueasitdoes.Theyareolder,andasattractionandinfatuationareover,theyhavesettledintotheseparaterolesnecessaryforthemtogetby-asarcastic,distancedmanforhim,afranticcharacterforher.WeseeLydiadestinedforasimilarfutureinhermarriage,butElizabethandJanemanagetoescapesuch.

JaneandMr.Bingleyareboth,unlikeherparents,verypleasantandlevel-headedpeople.Neitherofthemisterriblyinteresting,anditshouldbenoted,perhapsasaresult,thatthereisnohumoreitherbetweenthemorregardingtheirrelationship.AustenshowsJaneasabeautifulandrespectable,butserious,sister,andthatisaboutall.ThoughJaneandElizabeth'srelationshipsaretheonlyonesfromthefamilytosucceed,thereisagreatdifferenceinhowAustenportraysthem.Thereisnohumorintheformer,butElizabethandDarcy'srelationshipseemstobeactuallybasedonhumor.

Fromtheverybeginning,Elizabeth'sdisgustforDarcyandhisdismissalofherasmerely'tolerable'createahilarioussceneforthereaderand,later,anevenfunnierdialoguebetweenthem.However,thismutualhatredandthefamiliaritytheyinevitablycometoiswhateventuallycausesthemtofallinlove.Itiswhentheystartmakingfunofandjokingwitheachotherthatweseethemasatrulygreatmatch.Agreatexampleofthisiswhentheyareaskedwhentheyfirstfellinlovewitheachother.ElizabethtellshersisterthatitmusthavebeenwhenshefirstsawhisestateatPemberly,andJane,likealways,begshertobeserious.Elizabethhasnootheranswer.WhenDarcyisasked,heseemstoplayfullydismissthequestion,sayingthathedoesn'tremembertheday,place,ortimethatithappened,onlythathehadfoundhimselfinthemiddleofitbeforeheknewhehadstarted,andbeforehecouldgethimselfoutofit.

AustenseemstopointoutthisjokingrelationshipbetweenDarcyandElizabethasanexampleofhumorbeingcrucialtotruehappinessinamarriage.WhileJaneiscontentinhermarriage,ElizabethseemsactuallychallengedandintriguedbyDarcy,havingwhatDarcy'ssister,Georgiana,referredtoasa"lively,sportive,manneroftalkingtoherbrother.He,whohadalwaysinspiredinherselfarespectwhichalmostovercameheraffection,shenowsawtheobjectofopenpleasantry.Hermindreceivedknowledgewhichhadneverbeforefalleninherway.ByElizabeth'sinstructions,shebegantocomprehendthatawomanmaytakelibertieswithherhusbandwhichabrotherwillnotalwaysallowinasistermorethantenyearsyoungerthanhimself."Elizabethistheonlyonewhofindsaperfectmatchinthatsense.

Austendoesnotusehumorstrictlybetweenthem,however.Theirmatchisasurpriseforjustabouteveryone,anditsironyisemphasizedbyseveralhumoroussituationswhichfollowtheirannouncementofmarriage.Evenbeforethen,whenDarcyfirstproposestoandisrejectedbyElizabeth,thenewsquicklyspreadstoLadyCatherinedeBourgh.Sheisnothappyabouttheideaofherhandsome,well-brednephewmarryingsomemiddle-classruffian.SoLadyCatherine,beingtheself-righteous,all-knowing,dramaticwomanthatsheis,comesknockingdowntheBennet'sdoortotellElizabethshecannotandwillnotmarryDarcy.ThedialogueherebetweenherandElizabethisabattleoftwoverystubbornwomen,onewhoseestheconver