英语翻译技巧比较结构.docx
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英语翻译技巧比较结构
英语翻译技巧：
比较结构
英语翻译技巧:
比较结构
从理解与表达的角度来看,比较的形式是次要的,真正重要的是意义上的比较.只要意义上表示比较,就属于比较句式.常见的比较结构的意义很容易理解,所以也比较容易翻译,如:
I
amtallerthanhe.（我比他高）.因此,这里不再叙述基本比较结构的翻译方法,而主要介绍在意义上容易混淆的比较结构的翻译.
一.as…as…句型
（一）as…as…句型
as…as…句型是同级比较,表示两者比较程度一样.所以在翻译的时候,通常翻译为〝…和….一样〞.
Myparcelisasheavyasyours.
我的包裹和你的包裹一样重.
Sheisasmuchinterestedinmusicasever.
她和以前一样对音乐感兴趣.
Theeconomicdevelopmentinourcountryisasstablerecentlyas
formerly.
近,我国的经济发展和以前一样稳定.
（二）notas（orso）…as…句型
跟as…as…句型相反的结构notas（orso）…as…表示两者的程度不一样,前者不如后者,所以,通常翻译为〝…不如…〞.
Myuncleisnotas（orso）tallasyourfather.
我叔叔不如你父亲高.
Peoplearenotsohonestastheyoncewere.
人们现在不如过去那样诚实了.
（三）notsomuch…as…句型
notsomuch…as…这个结构表示的基本意义和notas（orso）…as…一样,但是通常翻译为〝与其说…不如说…〞.
Hewasnotsomuchangryasdisappointed.
他与其说是生气,还不如说是失望了.（可以理解为:
〝他的生气不如失望多〞,就是说〝他更多的是失望,愤怒是其次.〞）
Theoceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit.
海洋与其说是把世界分割开来,还不如说是把世界连接在一起.
（四）notsomuchas…句型
notsomuchas…这个结构相当于〝noteven…〞,所以通常翻译为〝甚至不…,甚至没有…〞.请注意与notsomuch
…as…这个结构的区别.
Hedidn’tsomuchasaskmetosetdown.
他甚至没有请我坐下.
Hecannotsomuchasspellaword.
他甚至连一个词也不会写.
Hehadn’tsomuchashisfarehome.
他甚至连回家的路费都没有了.
二.比较级+thantodo…句型
由比较级与thantodosth.结合在一起的句型,通常翻译为〝不至于做某事〞.
Yououghttoknowbetterthantogoswimmingonsuchacoldday.
你不至于这么冷的天气去游泳吧.
Ihavemoresensethantotellhimaboutourplan.
我不至于傻到会把我们的计划告诉他.
IhadabettercommandofEnglishthantomakesuchfoolishmistakes.
我的英语学得很好,不至于犯这样愚蠢的错误.
三.more…than…句型
（一）moreAthanB句型
moreAthanB通常用于同一个人或者事物在两个不同性质或者特征上面的比较.翻译为〝与其说B,不如说A〞.类似的结构还有lessAthan
B,翻译为〝与其说A,不如说B〞,请注意这两个结构中〝与其实说〞与〝不如说〞的对象,即A与B两者的在翻译中的位置.
Heismoregoodthanbad.
与其说他很坏,不如说他很好.
Heislessgoodthanbad.
与其说他很好,不如说他很坏.
Heismoreawriterthanateacher.
与其说他是老师,不如说他是作家.
（二）morethan…句型
在英语中,如果morethan…句型后面所跟的词性不相同,意义也不尽相同,所以应该用不同的汉语词来翻译.
1.morethan后面接数词,表示〝多于…,….以上〞的意思.
Ihaveknownhimformorethantwentyyears.
我已经认识她二十多年了.
Ihavemorethantendollarsinmypocket.
我口袋里还有十多美元.
2.morethan后面接名词或者动词,表示〝不只是…〞的意思.
Heismorethanafathertoher.
他待她胜过父亲.
Hemorethansmiled,butlaughed.
他不只是微笑,而是放生大笑.
3.morethan后面接形容词.副词或者分词,表示〝极其,非常〞的意思.
Shewasmorethankindtous.
他对我们非常友好.
Hewasmorethanupsetbytheaccident.
这个意外事故让他非常心烦.
4.morethan…can…则表示〝难以…,完全不能…〞的意思.
ThatismorethanIcanunderstand.
那件事情,我实在是不明白.
Thecoldwasmorethanthechildrencouldbear.
寒冷是孩子们所不能忍受的.
（三）nomore…than…句型
nomore…than…句型在意义上与notanymore
than….一样,表示对两者都否定,所以可以翻译为〝…和….一样不,不…正如…,既不…也不…,…和…两者都不〞.跟nomore
…than…句型相近,但是意义相反的句型是noless…than…,可以翻译为〝既是…,也是…,两者都是…〞.
Hisgrammarisnobetterthanmine.
他的语法同我的一样不好.
Heisnomoreawriterthanapainter.
他既不是画家也不是作家.
Heisnolessawriterthanapainter.
他既是画家也是作家.
Iamnomoreapoetthanheisascholar.
我不是诗人,正如他不是学者一样.
_年翻译资格考试笔译三级练习题
AreyouinterestedinseeingthebeautifulfallfoliageofNewEnglandbut
tiredoftrafficjamsandoverbookedhotels?
Thenthisyearforgetthecrowdsin
NewEnglandandseethebeautifulcolorsofautumnintheCatskills.
TheseruggedmountainsinNewYorkState,just90milesnorthwestofNew
YorkCity,arefamousforthelegendarytalesofRipVanWinkle,andmore
recentlyforthesummerhotelsthatsprangupintheregionduringthe_40s,
_50s,and_60s.FamiliestryingtoescapetheheatofNewYorkCityfoundthe
Catskillstobetheperfectplacetostayforamonthorsoeachsummer.Bythe
late_50stherewereover500resortsandhotelsofferingnighttime
entertainmentaswellasallkindsofoutdooractivities.Famouscomedianslike
JackieGleason,JoanRivers,andSidCaesarallgottheirstarttouringthe
hotelclubshere.Sincetheintroductionofair-conditioningandcheaperair
travel,however,familieshavestoppedcomingtotheCatskillsinsuchlarge
numbers,choosinginsteadmoredistantlocationsatdifferenttimesoftheyear.
ManyoftheCatskillshotelsclosedinthe_70s,butsomeremainandhave
e_pandedandchangedtheirfacilitiestomeettheneedsoftoday’svisitors.
Currently,therearemanyactivitiesavailabletothetravelerbesides
witnessingthechangingcolorsoftheleaves.Thereisanall-organicsheepfarm
wherevisitorscanseehowatraditionalsheepfarmoperates.Therearealso
hundredsofmilesofscenicdrivesinthearea.Route42,forinstance,isan
e_cellentsiteforspottingbaldeagles.Formoreinformationonvacationsin
theCatskills,calltheOfficeofPublicInformation.
61.Theauthor’smainpurposeisto________.
A.promotetheCatskillsasavacationdestination
B.introducevisitorstofamousCatskillsentertainers
C.describethehistoryoftheCatskillsregion
D.comparetheCatskillstoNewEngland
62.Theword〝rugged〞underlinedinParagraph2means________.
A.barren
B.rough
C.tall
D.lush
63.Accordingtothepassage,thedeclineinthenumberofresortsinthe
_70swascausedby________.
A.television
B.shortervacations
C.affordableairtravel
D.moretraffic
64.Thephrase〝sprangup〞underlinedinParagraph2referstosomething
thathas________.
A.burstforth
B.spreadout
C.operatedvigorously
D.joinedtogether
65.InwhatseasonwouldatouristmostlikelyhavevisitedtheCatskills
inthe_50s?
A.Fall.
B.Winter.
C.Spring.
D.Summer.
66.Theauthor’stoneinthispassageis________.
A.lightandencouraging
B.informativeandscientific
C.humorousandskeptical
D.regretfulandreminiscent
67.Fromthepassage,whatmightavisitorbeluckyenoughtodo?
A.Seefallleavesincolor.
B.Seeakindofbird.
C.Workonasheepfarm.
D.Driveonscenicroads.
68.Theword〝drives〞underlinedinParagraph3refersto________.
A.e_cursions
B.tracks
C.paths
D.canyons
69.Theword〝spotting〞underlinedinParagraph3means________.
A.photographing
B.seeing
C.painting
D.shooting
70.TheauthorimpliesthatintheCatskillstherearefew________.
A.leaves
B.eagles
C.people
D.sheep
参考答案:
61.A62.B63.C64.A65.D
66.A67.B68.A69.B70.C
_年catti笔译三级强化练习题
Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentof
attitudes.Emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthoughtprocessesaffectthe
behaviorofmostpeople.〝Theburntchildfearsthefire〞isoneinstance;
anotheristheriseofdespotslikeHitler.Bothe_amplesalsopointupthefact
thatattitudesstemfrome_perience.Inonecasethee_periencewasdirectand
impressive;intheotheritwasindirectandcumulative.TheNaziswere
intrinatedlargelybythespeechestheyheardandthebookstheyread.The
classroomteacherintheelementaryschoolisinastrategicposition
toinfluenceattitudes.Thisistruepartlybecausechildrenacquireattitudes
fromthoseadultswhosewordtheyrespect.Anotherreasonitistrueisthat
pupilsoftendelvesomewhatdeeplyintoasubjectinschoolthathasonlybeen
toucheduponathomeorhaspossiblyneveroccurredtothembefore.Toachild
whohadpreviouslyacquiredlittleknowledgeofMe_ico,histeacher’smethodof
handlingsuchaunitwouldgreatlyaffecthisattitudetowardMe_icans.The
mediathroughwhichtheteachercandevelopwholesomeattitudesareinnumerable.
Socialstudies（withspecialreferencetoraces,creedsandnationalities）,
sciencemattersofhealthandsafety,theveryatmosphereoftheclassroom…
theseareafewofthefertilefieldsfortheinculcationofproperemotional
reactions.However,whenchildrencometoschoolwithundesirableattitudes,it
isunwisefortheteachertoattempttochangetheirfeelingsbycajolingor
scoldingthem.Shecanachievethepropereffectbyhelpingthemobtain
constructivee_periences.Toillustrate,firstgradepupilsafraidofpolicemen
willprobablyaltertheirattitudesafteraclassroomchatwiththeneighborhood
officerinwhichhee_plainshowheprotectsthem.Inthesameway,aclassof
olderchildrencandevelopattitudesthroughdiscussion,research,outside
readingandall-daytrips.Finally,ateachermustconstantlyevaluateherown
attitudes,becauseherinfluencecanbedeleteriousifshehaspersonal
prejudices.Thisisespeciallytrueinrespecttocontroversialissuesand
questionsonwhichchildrenshouldbeencouragedtoreachtheirowndecisionsas
aresultofobjectiveanalysisofallthefacts.
81.Thecentralideaoftheabovepassageisthat________.
A.attitudesaffectouractions
B.teachersareimportantindevelopingorchangingpupils’attitudes
C.attitudescanbechangedbysomeclassroome_periences
D.bytheirattitudes,teachersinadvertentlyaffectpupils’attitudes
82.Theword〝despot〞underlinedinParagraph2meansaperson
________.
A.whoenjoysahighreputation
B.whoisverysuccessfulinpolitics
C.withunlimitedpowers
D.whodepositsalargesumofmoneyinabank
83.Thepupils’attitudesareNOTinfluencedby________.
A.theirparents’persuasiontobehaveproperly
B.theirteachers’attitudes
C.thespeechestheyhearandthebookstheyread
D.suchmediaassocialstudies,sciencematterandclassroom
atmosphere
84.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthepupils________.
A.usuallystudyacertainsubjectingreaterdetailsathomethanat
school
B.usuallydonotstudyacertainsubjectathome
C.studythesubjectsonlyatschool
D.studyasubjectmoredeeplyatschoolthanathome
85.Thee_ampleofthepupils’learningaboutMe_icoshowsthat
________.
A.achildusuallylearnstherightthingsfromt
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