备战届高考英语阅读之记叙文四.docx

备战届高考英语阅读之记叙文四.docx

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备战届高考英语阅读之记叙文四

备战2021高考英语阅读之记叙文（四）

（A）

Withtheworld’sattentiononvaccines（疫苗）,nowfeelslikeagoodmomenttosingthepraisesofanoftenforgottencontributiontotheirdevelopment.Threehundredyearsagothismonth,LadyMaryWortleyMontagugotherdaughterinoculated（接种）againstsmallpox,makingherchildthefirstpersonintheWesttobeprotectedinthisway.WithoutMontagu’swillingnesstoadoptapracticeshehadlearnedfromothercultures,theintroductionofvaccinesaround80yearslaterwouldneverhavetakenplace.

MontagufirstwitnessedinoculationwhensheaccompaniedherhusbandtoTurkeyin1717.InoculationhadstartedinAsia,probablyinChina,asearlyasthe10thcenturyAD．MontaguobservedhowolderwomeninTurkeytookatinyamountofpus（脓）fromapersonwithsmallpox.Theythenusedneedlestomakecutsonpeople’swristsandanklesandaddedthepustotheirbloodstream.Thishelpedpeoplegainimmunityfromfutureinfection.

Likeothervisitorstothecountry,MontagutookstepstoensurethathersonwasinoculatedinTurkey.Thisworkedwell,butsheknewthattryingitinEnglandwouldbefarmorechallenging.Inoculationperformedbyunlicensedamateurswouldthreatendoctors’professionalstandingandpotentiallyrobthemofvaluableincome.Churchmenalsodisagreewiththepractice,astheysawitasgoingagainstnature.

BackinEngland,Montaguobservedtheincreasedseverityofsmallpoxinfections.Eventually,inApril1721,shedecidedtousetheTurkishpracticetohaveherdaughterinoculated,becauseshebelievedthattherewardswouldoutweightherisks.Afterasafetimehadpassedfollowingtheinoculation,Montagualloweddoctorstoexamineherdaughter.

DoctorsinBritaingraduallyacceptedthepractice.Aboutsoyearslater,apioneeringphysicianfoundsmallpoxvaccinestodestroysmallpoxcompletely.Asearlyaslastcentury,academicsarguedthatMontaguwasnomorethananenthusiasticamateur.Intruth,shemadeavitalscientificcontributiontowardsfindingthecureforsmallpox.

1．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A．Theoriginofsmallpoxinoculation.

B．Montagu’sfirstaccesstoinoculation.

C．Thebenefitsfromsmallpoxinoculation.

D．Turkishwomen’sinventionofinoculation.

2．MontagufounditdifficulttotryinoculationinEnglandbecause________.

A．itwasagainsthumannature

B．itmightharmdoctors’interests

C．itwasbeyonddoctors’abilities

D．itmightshakechurchmen’sbelief

3．WhatleddoctorsinBritaintoacceptinoculation?

A．Theincreasedseverityofsmallpoxinfections.

B．Aphysician’sdiscoveryofsmallpoxvaccines.

C．TheresultofMontagu’sdaughter’sinoculation.

D．Montagu’sfocusonitsrewardsratherthanitsrisks.

4．Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetest?

A．AnunsungheroB．Nolimittocreation

C．DevelopmentofvaccinesD．Ahistoricmedicalinnovation

（B）

RacingisnothingnewforSebastianRosado.Hewasbornwithcerebralpalsy（脑瘫）,whichaffectsaperson'sabilitytomove.Thoughmostofhislifehasbeenlimitedtoawheel-chair,hehasdoneatleastoneraceayearsince2011.

Itwasaboutadecadeagothathismother,Jaime,wastrainingforaraceinPuertoRico,andSebastianaskedifhecouldaccompanyher.She'dhavetopushhiminthewheelchairbecausehisarmfunctionsarelimited,andshewasokaywiththat.However,theracewouldn'tallowit.Then,Sebastian'sfamilydecidedtomakeaspecialraceforchildrenlikeSebastian.Theracegivesthemachancetoprovethatdespitebeingtoldfromayoungagethattheymightnotbeabletodosomethingsintheirlives,theycanalsobecomewhattheywishtobeinlife.

Sebastianhasruniteveryyearusingaspecialwalker.Eachyear,hetriestooutdohispreviousgoal.Insteadofjust5kmin2020,hewantedtoattempttorun21kmover30days.Sebastian'splanistocompletethedistancebyMay9,accountingforcompleting1km,atmost,inaday.

Sebastianusedtotraininatrackandfieldfacilityclosetohome,andit'samazingtohearrunnerstellinghimthingslike,"Wow,sometimesIdon'thavethestrengthtotrainbutwhenIseeyoudoingthis,IfeelthatIhavenoexcuse,"62swimmersarejoiningSebastian'schallengethismonthbyswimming800meterseachone.

Sebastianhasasayingthatyourdisabilityisnotinyourbody,butinyourmind.It'sreallypowerful.Ifyoupromiseyourselfyou'lldosomething,youcanachieveitbyusingyourmind.

1．WhatistheRosados'purposeofsettingupaspecialrace?

A．Tocollectmoneyformedicalresearch.

B．TorealizeSebastian'swishtoruninaformalrace.

C．Toencouragedisabledchildrentomakeadifference.

D．ToallowSebastiantoaccompanyhismotherinraces.

2．HowdoesSebastianrunthespecialrace?

A．Hismotherpusheshim.

B．Herunsinawheelchair.

C．Hefinishes21kminonego.

D．Herunswithspecialequipment.

3．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSebastian?

A．Humourous.B．Inspiring.C．Helpful.D．Talented.

4．WhatdoesSebastianthinkofdisability?

A．Thereisnodisabilityatall.

B．Mindcancureanydisability.

C．Realdisabilityexistsmentally.

D．Thedisabilityisverypowerful.

（C）

Norwood,ajuniorHighSchoolstudent,wasdrivingthreefriendshomeinSt.Petersburg,whenanotherdrivercrashedintoherfromherleftandmadehercarhitthetree.Theimpactjammedshutthedriver’ssidedoor,soNorwoodclimbedoutthefrontwindow.Twoofherfriendsmanagedtogetoutofthecarunharmed,buther16-year-oldfriendZarriadidn’t.SherunbacktothecaronlytofindZarriawasjustsittingtherereactionless.

Alotofpeoplestartedtogatheraroundtoseewhatwashappening.Norwoodstartedyelling,“Backup,backup,sheneedsspace.”NorwoodpulledZarriaoutofthebackseat,avoidingbrokenglassfromthewindow.“That’swhenIcheckedherpulseonherneck.Iputmyheadagainstherchest,andIdidn’treallyhearnothing.Sothat’swhenIjuststarteddoingCPRonher.”Norwoodtoldthereporter.Afterthe30compressionsandtworescuebreaths,Zarriaregainedconsciousness.Ambulancequicklyarrivedandrushedhertothehospitaltoreceivemedicalhelp.

WhenMiller,Norwood’shighschoolteacher,learnedthatNorwoodsavedafriendjustonedayaftercompletingCPRtraining,shewasatalossofwordsandsoproud.Norwoodparticipatesintheschool’sAthleticLifestyleManagementAcademy（ALMA）.Theprogrampreparesstudentsforvariouscareersinhealthscience.“Wedovitalsignsandtheylearnhowtotakebloodpressureandcheckpulse.”Millerintroduced.AndanotheroneoftheskillslearnedisCPR.“Therearetwocomponents,ahands-onskillscomponentwheretheyhavetodemonstratethatthey’reabletodoCPRwell,andthenthere’sawrittentestcomponent,showingthattheyrememberthatknowledge.”

ThankstoNorwood’squickthinking,Zarriaisrecoveringwell.Shealsoisn’tsurprisedbyherfriend’sactions.“Shewillalwayshelpanywayshecan,soIwasn’treallyshockedaboutthat.”

1.WhathappenedtoNorwoodandherfriendsontheirwayhome?

A.Theylosttheirway.

B.Theysufferedacaraccident.

C.Theycrashedintoanothercar.

D.Theywerestuckinatrafficjam.

2.WhatdidNorwooddofirstwhenfindingZarriareactionless?

A.Togiveherfirstaid.

B.Toaskpeopleforhelp.

C.Tocallambulanceatonce.

D.Tosendhertohospitalimmediately.

3.WhatcanweinferabouttheALMA?

A.Itnormallylastsforoneday.

B.Itisformedicalstudentsonly.

C.Itfocusesonboththeoryandpractice.

D.Ittrainsstudentstoliveahealthylifestyle.

4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeNorwood?

A.Considerateandflexible.B.Kindandambitious.

C.Hardworkingandclever.D.Braveandcalm.

（D）

Whatcomestomindwhenyouthinkofkungfu?

IfyourmindisfilledwithimagesofShaolinmonks,BruceLee,orKungFuPanda,youwouldn'tbewrong.ButforLaurenceJ.Brahm,anAmericandocumentaryfilmmaker,thefirstthingthatspringstomindistheconceptofnon-violence.

AsBrahmexplained,ifyoubreakdownthecharacter"wu"itconsistsoftwocharacters:

oneis"ge"meaningdagger-axe;theotheris"zhi"meaningtostop.So,themeaningofmartialartsinChineseisnottheartoffighting,aconceptthatmanypeopletakeforgranted.Onthecontrary,hesaid,kungfuistheartofstoppingfighting.

Brahm'srelationshipwithkungfudatesbacktothe1970swhenhewasakaratestudentinHawaii."Mymasteralwaystoldmethatifyouwanttofullyunderstandkarate,youhavetogotoShaolininChina.That'swheretheoriginis,"Brahmsaid.In1981,hemanagedtovisittheShaolinTemple,situatedatthefootoftheSongshanMountaininCentralChina,fortheveryfirsttime.Heleftthemountain,alittledisappointedatnotfindingthemartial-artsspiritheexpected.Buthispassionforkungfuandhisdesiretofindoutmorewerestrongerthaneverbefore.

Overtheyearshetrainedinmanydifferentstyles

suchastaichi,WingChun,JeetKuneDotounderstandallofthem."Martialartscanhelpusconnectourbody,connectourneuralsystem,connectourbloodflow,andalsohelpconnectusintoourenvironmenttoincreaseourawareness.Martialartsismovingmeditation（冥想）,"Brahmsaid,hiseyesbrightandintense.

Buttohim,kungfu'scharmandvaluesarefarmorethanthat.Hecombinedtheknowledgefrommanymastersandscholarswithhisownexperienceasapractitionerandtutortoextract12keyprinciplesandvaluesofthemartialarts:

perseverance,roots,loyalty,respect,harmony,change,balance,centering,emptiness,flow,pragmatism,non-violence.

"Kungfu,inmyeves,isamirrorofChineseculture.”Brahmsaid“Thetraditionalvaluesofkungfu,actually,areinthemindsofallChinesepeople.”

1.What