外刊经贸知识选读考前复习资料.docx
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外刊经贸知识选读考前复习资料
河南科技大学经贸英语专业
《外刊经贸知识选读》考前复习资料
一、单项选择题
1.Jean-PierreSoisson,thefarmminister,hassaidFrancemayblocktheEC’sacceptanceofanewfarm-tradedeal,andtherebywrecktheround.【D】
A.boomB.blink
C.constructD.obstruct
2.Korea,onceknownasthe“HermitKingdom”,isplainlyonthemove.【B】
A.onmotionB.inprogress
C.underrevolutionD.forevolution
3.InShanghai,Tianjinandotherurbancenters,Chinaistrying—withconsiderablesuccess—toattracthigh-technologyfirmsthatwillmodernizeitseconomy.【C】
A.considerateB.considering
C.greatD.massive
4.Chilehasnowbeengrowingatanaverageannualrateof4.5percentagepointsforthepastsixyears.【D】
A.quarterlyB.weekly
C.monthlyD.yearly
5.Butitappearsthatofficialsarepreparedtoturnupthetemperatureontrade—andlivewiththeconsequences.【B】
A.consensusB.results
C.frequenciesD.agreements
6.Ifthepoliticalwilltocontinuemovingforwardfails,wecananticipatemorestrainsinthemarriagecontractthatultimatelywouldstrikeatwhatwe’veaccomplished.【D】
A.activateB.participate
C.completeD.expect
7.ThestrongincreaseinimportslastyearisattributedtobuoyanteconomicactivityaswellastothesuccessoftheGovernment’stradeandforeigninvestmentpolicies.【A】
A.ascribedB.described
C.distributedD.contributed
8.Thecompanyisdistributingmoreconsumercouponsandgivingbottlersbiggerdiscounts.
【A】
A.givingoutB.assemblingto
C.collectingupD.gatheringupon
9.HongKongEggsandProductsCompanymonopolizestheimportofChineseeggs,bothfreshandpreserved.【C】
A.confinesB.minimizes
C.dominatesD.mobilizes
10.InApril1984,theStateCouncildeclared14citiesalongtheentirecoastplusHainanIslandopentoforeigninvestment.【C】
A.demonstratedB.informed
C.announcedD.displayed
11.LowgrowthhasbeenaconsequenceoftheMitterrandgovernment'sfiscalausterity.【D】
A.deflation B.incentivesC.appreciation D.strictrestrictions
12.Arealeconomicgrowthrateof4%infiscal1986wasviableforJapan.【A】
A.abletosucceed B.likelynofailC.hardtopredict D.vulnerable
13.Instatistics,amountsareoftenexpressedinconstantUSdollars.Thesentencemeansthat___.【D】
A.theamountarealwayscalculatedinUSdollars
B.theamountsareunchangeableinUSdollars
C.theUSdollarsarenottradeweightedinstatistics.
D.theamountsareoftenfiguredoutinUSdollarsofafixedvalue.
14.Theterm“realdisposableincome”isusedtomeanpersonalincome__.【C】
A.forlivingexpensesinconstantdollarvalue
B.forconsumptionandinvestmentinshortrun
C.aftertaxesandwitheliminationofinflationfactors
D.disallowingforpricechangesresultingfrominflation
15.Economicproblemswereexacerbatedbythreebadharvestswiththeresultthatnationalincomeandthevolumeofforeigntradecontractedduring1960-1962.【C】
A.deepened B.stagnated C.deteriorated D.postponed
16.Unlikecerealsandotherfarmgoods,whichtheUruguayroundaimedtobringwithintheGATT’sjurisdictionforthefirsttime,oilseedsalreadyfallwithinit.【B】
A.justificationB.authorityC.justiceD.announcement
17.Speculatorsprofitedhandsomelyfromthepricefluctuationofthe1990s.【C】
A.stabilityB.flexibilityC.volatilityD.regulation
18.Inthisprojecteverybodydoeshisownshareofthework.( )
A.participationB.portionC.promotionD.production
19.Thetreatystipulatesamember’sobligationsandbenefits.【B】
A.privilegeB.dutyC.abilityD.action
20.FacingthechallengeofcheapAmericancorninthe1870s,Danishfarmersdevelopedalucrativemarketexportingbutter,eggs,andbacontotheUK.(B )
A.smoothB.profitableC.substantialD.sophisticated
21.Itisnotablueprintforhowthesinglemarketwillactuallywork.【A】
A.detailedplanB.bluecolor
C.legalframeworkD.blueprinter
22.Inthisarea,someforeigninvestorscanenjoytaxbreaks.【D】
A.intervalsB.preferentialgaps
C.restsD.preferentialpolicies
23.TheforeigncompanylocatesanagentinShanghai.【C】
A.situatesB.securesC.placesD.flourishes
24.Thestorediscountedallclothingforthesale.【D】
A.expandedonscaleB.extendedtosomedegree
C.puttoanendD.reducedinprice
25.MajorsupplierstotheHongKongeggmarketaremakinggreatereffortstoincreasethe
competitivenessoftheirproducts.【A】
A.capabilityofcompetitionB.possibilityofcompetition
C.probabilityofcompetitionD.competitor
26.InCalifornia'sSiliconValleyLucky-Goldstar'swhite-frockedresearchscientistsdelveintothemysteriesofstate-of-the-artsemiconductortechnology.【B】
A.mostlucrative B.markedlyadvanced
C.state-run D.nationalized
27.Fiscalstimulusrefersto___.【A】
A.increaseinthegovernmentexpenditureandcutintaxation
B.supplymoremoneyandbankcreditwithlowinterestrates
C.encourageinvestmentofindustries
D.decreaseinthegovernmentexpenditureandincreasetaxation
28.…to givemeaproductthat'scompetitiveinpriceandquality,andI'lltakeithandsdown.【A】
A.I'lltakeiteasily B.I'lltakeitwithmyhands
C.I'llnodoubttakeit D.I'lltakeitaway
29.Aggregatestatisticsfor1991wereinfluencedbythesharpdeclineinoutputinCentralandEasternEurope,aswellasbytheadverseeffectsoftheGulfcrisisonseveraleconomiesintheMiddleEast.【B】
A.accumulated B.totalC.given D.calculated
30.Coca-colaandPepsiCodon'twagemeremarketsharebattles.Theyfightholywars.【B】
A.theyfightfortheircountry
B.Theyfightfordominatingthemarketandmuscletheenemyoutofthemarket
C.Theyfightfortheiremployers
D.Theyfightfortheirfamilies
二、翻译短语
1.nationalincome_国民收入____________
2.cooperativeenterprise__合作经营企业___________
3.Grossnationalproduct_国民生产总值____________
4.cashcrops__经济作物___________
5.commoditymarket__商品市场___________
6.EuropeanCommunity__欧洲共同体___________
7.conglomerate__跨行业公司___________
8.visibletrade__有形贸易___________
9.intellectualpropertyright___知识产权___________
10.GATT__关贸总协定___________
11.海湾合作委员会__GCC___________
12.中国出口商品交易会_ChineseExportCommoditiesFair__
13.反补贴税_countervailingduty_____
14.试销市场_testmarket____________
15.财政一揽子计划_fiscalpackages____________
16.大统一市场__theSingleMarket__________
17.反通货膨胀货币政策_anti-inflationarymonetarypolicy
18.生产力_productivityforces_______
19.惩罚性进口关税punitiveimporttariff________
20.国际清算银行BankforInternationalSettlements
21.vestedinterests_既得利益___________
22.wholesaler _批发商___________
23.ahermitnation_一个闭关自守的国家___________
24.buzzword__时髦词汇__________
25.insolvency_无偿还能力____________
26.taketitle__取得所有权___________
27.marketregulation_市场调节____________
28.publictender_公开招标____________
29.meansofproduction__生产资料___________
30.consortium__财团/联合放款团____________
31.最惠国待遇__most-favorednationtreatment____________
32.贸易顺差__tradesurplus____________
33.硬通货_hardcurrency_____________
34.银行兼并__mergerofbanks____________
35.无形贸易收支_invisibleaccount_____________
36.剩余劳动力___surpluslabor___________
37.贸易谈判__tradenegotiation____________
38.据粗略估计_ataroughestimate_____________
39.证券投资_portfolioinvestment_____________
40.外汇储备_foreignexchangereserves_____________
三、简答题
Passage1
ThepatternofChina’sforeigntradehaschangedsubstantiallysincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublic.Duringthe1950sChinaexportedagriculturalproductstotheUSSRandEastEuropeancountriesinreturnformanufacturedgoodsandthecapitalequipmentrequiredforthecountry’sindustrializationprogramwhichplacedemphasisonthedevelopmentofheavyindustry.TheGreatLeapForwardof1958—1959initiallyproducedgainsinagriculturalandindustrialproduction,butsubsequentlyresultedinseriouseconomicimbalances.Economicproblemswereexacerbatedbythreebadharvests(1959--1961)withtheresultthatnationalincomeandthevolumeofforeigntradecontractedduring1960—1962.
ThewithdrawalofSovieteconomicandtechnicalaidintheearly1960scausedtradetoshiftawayfromtheUSSRanditsComeconpartnerstowardJapanandWesternEurope.AconsistentthemeofChina’sforeigntradepolicieshasbeenthestrongemphasiswhichhasbeenplacedondevelopingtraderelationswiththeThirdWorldcountries.
1.What’sthemeaningof“thepatternofChina’sforeigntrade”?
thecommoditystructureandbusinesspartners
2.HowhasChina’sforeigntradechangedsubstantially?
fromUSSRandComeconcountriestoJapanandwesternEurope
3.What’stheconsistentthemeofChina’sforeigntradepolicies?
todeveloptraderelationshipwiththeThirdWorldcountries
Passage2
ForSouthKoreaasawhole,thatseemsasmuchaprophecyasanambition.LikeJapaninthe1960s,thecountryispoisedforanassaultontheworld’sexportmarkets.Itssurging$81billioneconomyischurningoutafloodofincreasinglysophisticatedproducts,fromshoes,toysandtelephonestovideorecordersandmicroprocessors.Korea’smightyconglomeratesdominateMiddleEastconstruction,andtheycommandkeysharesoftheworld’sshipbuilding,textileandsteelindustries.Theiraffiliates,jointventuresandsubsidiariesgirdletheglobe,stretchingfromAustralia,IndonesiaandIndiatoNorway,SpainandGabon,HyundaiandDaewoo,withannualsalesof$10billionand$6billionrespectively,arepushingintotheU.Sautomarket,rivetin