Tess-of-the-d’Urbervilles--介绍.ppt

Tess-of-the-d’Urbervilles--介绍.ppt

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张帆29何丽萍31罗玉32元婷33徐娟48,托马斯哈代及其生平著作,ThomasHardy（1840-1928）,Englishpoetandnovelist,famousforhisdepictionsoftheimaginarycountry“Wessex”.Hardysworksreflectedhisstoicalpessimismandsenseoftragedyinhumanlife.,Contents,BriefIntroductionMajorWorks,Born:

2June1840Died:

11January1928Occupation:

architectwriter（Naturalist,Novelist,Poet,andShortStorywriter）afamouscriticalrealisticwriterthelastimportantnovelistoftheVictorianage,BriefIntroduction,Attheageof16,hebecameapprenticedtoalocalarchitect,buthegaveuparchitecturein1874.Becauseofmarriage,hebegantowritepoemsandnovels,whichidealizedtherurallife.Tess（1891）andJude（1896）shockedBritishpruderiesandHardywasterriblyabusedforbeing“filthy”.in1896HardyannouncedthatJudewashislastnovel,andturnedwithrelieftothewritingofpoetry.Hardysfinalyearswerefullofhonors.Hediedin1928.,HardysFirstWife,EmmaGiffordawomanofhighsocialstatus.ShehadaveryinterestingpersonalityandwasalwaysrememberbyvisitorstotheHardyhousehold.Shediedin1912.,ThomasandEmmaHardyresidedatMaxGatefrom1884onward.,DesighedbyHardyhimself,SecondwifeHardysnurse,companionandfan.,In1914,HardymarriedhissecretaryFlorenceEmilyDugdale,whowas39yearshisjunior.DuetoFlorencescare,Hardycouldremainhealthyandcontinuehiswritingcareer.,BecausemostofHardysnovelstakeplaceinthepartly-real,partly-dreamcountyofWessex,sohisnovelswerecalledWessexNovel（威塞克斯小说）.,1）NovelsofCharacter&Environment2）NovelsofRomances&Fantasies3）NovelsofIngenuity,Hardyhimselfdividedhisnovelsintothreegroups:

1.NovelsofCharacterandEnvironment（性格与环境小说）,ThePoorManandtheLady（1867,unpublishedandlost）穷汉与贵妇人UndertheGreenwoodTree（1872）绿树荫下FarfromtheMaddingCrowd（1874）远离尘嚣TheMayorofCasterbridge（1886）卡斯特桥市长TessofthedUrbervilles（1891）德伯家的苔丝JudetheObscure（1895）无名的裘德,2.RomancesandFantasies（传奇与幻想小说）,APairofBlueEyes（1873）一双蓝眼睛TwoonaTower（1882）塔里的两个人TheWell-Beloved（1897）（firstpublishedasaserialfrom1892）心爱的人mainlytalkaboutromanticlovestories.,3.NovelsofIngenuity（机巧和实验小说）,DesperateRemedies（1871）铤而走险TheHandofEthelberta（1876）埃塞尔伯塔的婚姻ALaodicean（1881）冷漠的人,Majorworks,UndertheGreenwoodTree,FarfromtheMaddingCrowd（1874）,TheReturnoftheNative（1878）,WessexTales（1888）,TheWoodlanders（1887）,TheMayorofCasterbridge（1886）,ALaodicean,APairofBlueEyes,TheWell-Beloved,DesperateRemedies,JudetheObscure,TwoonaTower,TheHandofEthelberta,Hardystwonovels,TessofthedUrbervilles（1891）andJudetheObscure（1895）arehislastlongfictionworks.ThelastnovelschallengedthesensibilitiesofVictorianreaderswithsituationsthatruffledmanyaVictorianfeather:

immoralsex,murder,illegitimatechildren,andtheunmarriedlivingtogether.HeateddebateandcriticismoverthesetwobookshelpedHardydecidethathewouldratherwritepoetry.Infact,sostungwashebythecriticismofhisworksthatHardydidnotwriteanothernovel.,TessofTheDUrbervilles,TessofTheDurbervillescameintoconflictwithVictorianmorality.Inthisnovel,Hardyreachestheheightofhisachievementasanovelist.LikemostotherHardynovels,rurallifeisaprominentissueinthestory.Andtheissueoffateversusfreedomofactionisanotherimportantaspectofthisnovel.IttellsofthatavillagegirlcalledTesswhowasabeautiful,pure,plain,honest,assiduousandcleverwentthroughamiserablelife.Shewasborninapoorfamilyandlivedinapeculiarsociety.ThesonoftheDurbervillesAlecrapedherandshewaspregnant.ShefellinlovewithAngelClarebeforelong.,Clarelovedherverymuchandlongedtomarryherbutshedelayedtoanswerthisofferofmarriagejustbecauseshedidnotknowhowtotellthetruthofbeingraped.Despitethis,atlastthiskindheartedandsinceregirldecidedtotellhimthisbadthing.However,whenTesstoldhimthetruththatshewasrapedbyaknaveAlec,hecouldnotforgiveherforhavinganothermanschildeventhoughsheforgavehimeverything.AngelClarebecameveryangryandabandonsTess.OnedayshefoundAlecbecameaminister.Afterherfathersdeathunexpectedly,Tesshadtheburdenofthefamilywelfareonhershoulders,andtheywereshortlythereafterevictedfromtheircottage.ShebelievesdeepdownthatAngelhadabandonedher,andAlecsaiditaswell,andTessknewherfamilywoulddowellbyAlecswealthandproperty.Buttohersurprised,AngelreturnsfromBrazil,repentinghisharshness,butfoundherlivingwithAlec.,TesskillsAlecindesperation,shewasarrestedandhanged.Shemakeshimpromisetomarryhersister,LizaLu,afterherdeath,whichheagreestodo.InTessofthedUrbervilles,ThomasHardyhasdirectlysatirizednature.Thisnovelrevealedthetragedyofcommonpeoplesdestinyandflayedhypocriticalgentlemenandmorals.Inthisnovel,HardydemonstratedhisdeepsenseofmoralsympathyforEngl