初中英语时态学案Microsoft Word 文档.docx
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初中英语时态学案MicrosoftWord文档
动词的时态复习
动词的
时态、语态
常见的
八种时态
一般
现在时:
过去时:
将来时:
现在
进行时:
完成时:
过去
进行时:
完成时:
将来时:
动词的
语态
主动语态
被动语态
动词的时态
1.一般现在时
1.概念:
经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语:
3.基本结构:
4.否定形式:
5.一般疑问句:
6.基本用法:
Healwayshelpsothers.
(1)
Heisateacher.
(2)
Thesunrisesintheeast.
(3)
MidAutumnDayusuallycomesinSeptemberorOctobereveryyear.
Whataboutgoingclimbingifitdoesn'traintomorrow?
自我检测:
1.TheGreensusually_____TVonSundayevening.
A.watchB.watchesC.arewatchingD.iswatching
2.MrBlackoften_____fishingonSundays,_____he?
A.goes…doesn'tB.goes…isn'tC.don'tgo…doesD.doesn'tgo…is
3.Wewillgoshoppingifit___tomorrow.
Adon'trainBdidn'trainCdoesn'trainDisn'train
4.Iwilltellhimassoonashe_____back
A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came
5.Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.
Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets
二、一般过去时:
1.概念:
过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:
3.基本结构:
4.否定形式:
5.一般疑问句:
6.一般过去时的用法:
Iboughtthebooklastweek.
①______________________________________________________________________。
IoftenplayedgamesbytheriverwhenIwasyoung.
②表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常与__________________________________________等连用(过去常常做某事也可用usedtodosth.来表示)。
ItistenyearssinceIcamehere.
③since从句_________________。
自我检测:
1.I____veryhardwhenIwasyoung.
A.studyB.studiedC.hadstudiedD.shallstudy
2.___he___agoodtimelastSunday?
A.Were;wereB.Did;doC.Did;hasD.Did;have
3.---When__youcomehere?
---We__herelastweek.
A.do;comeB.do;cameC.did;cameD.did;come
4.We_____thefloorand_____allthewindows.
A.mopped;cleannedB.moped;cleanedC.mopped;cleanedD.moped;cleaned
三、现在进行时:
1.概念:
表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:
3.基本结构:
4.否定形式:
5.一般疑问句:
Howareyoufeelingtoday?
Heisdoingwellinhislessons.
自我检测:
1.---Whatishedoingnow?
---He___apicture.
A.drawsB.drewC.isdrawingD.wasdrawing
2. Don’t talk here. Grandparents ___.
A. sleep B. is sleeping C. are sleeping D.slept
3.Look!
Theboystudentsare_____footballwhilethegirlsare_____.
A.playing;danceB.playing;dancingC.play;dancingD.play;dance
4.Someare______intheriverandsomeare______games.
A.swimming;plaiingB.swimming;playingC.swiming;playingD.swiming;playing
四、过去进行时:
1.概念:
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语:
3.基本结构:
4.否定形式:
5.一般疑问句:
Atthattimeshewasworkinginafactory.
Whenhecamein,Iwasreadinganewspaper.
6.用法
①表示往返、位移的动词的过去进行时常可用来表示过去将来时。
Wewantedtotellherthatthetrainwasleavinganhourlater.
②注意区别:
Marywrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.
Marywaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.
(3)常与过去进行时连用的时间状语有两类:
一类是表过去的“某点”时间,如:
atthattime,thistime,lastweek,“whenhecamein”类时间状语从句等;另一类是表过去的“某段”时间,如yesterdaymorning等。
Whatwereyoudoingatnineo'clocklastSundaymorning?
WhileJohnwaswalkingtoschool,hesawacatinatree.
自我检测:
1.Ayoungman_____herwhileshe_____herwork.
A.watched;wasdoingB.waswatching;didC.watched;didD.waswatching;wasdoing
2.I_____myselfFrenchfrom7to9yesterdaymorning.I_____towork.
A.wasteaching;didn'tgoB.taught;didn'tgoC.wasteaching;wentD.taught;went
3.ThistimeyesterdayJack_____hisbike.He_____TV.
A.repaired;didn'twatchB.wasrepairing;watched
C.repaired;watchedD.wasrepairing;wasn'twatching
4.Whenyou_____atthedoor,I_____somewashing.
A.knocked;didB.wasknocking;didC.knocked;wasdoingD.knock;amdoing
5.Theboy_____EnglishontheradiowhenI_____hisdoor.
A.learned;wasopeningB.waslearning;openedC.learned;openedD.islearning;open
五、一般将来时:
1.概念:
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语:
3.基本结构:
4.否定形式:
5.一般疑问句:
6用法
1)begoingto+v.(动词原形)表示________________________________________________
Itisgoingtorain.
Wearegoingtohaveameetingtoday.
2)“beto+动词原形”表示________________________________________________。
Theboyistogotoschooltomorrow.
Arewetogoonwiththiswork?
3)“beaboutto+动词原形”表示____________________________________________.
后面一般不跟时间状语。
Weareabouttoleave.
4)go,come,start,move,sail,leave,arrive,stay等可用进行时态表示
________________________________________________。
I’mleavingforBeijing.
5)某些动词(如come,_____________________________________________等)的一般
现在时也可表示将来。
Themeetingstartsatfiveo’clock.
Hegetsoffatthenextstop.
6)当主句为一般将来时态时,在if,assoonas,until,when等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时________________________________________________。
IwillcallyouassoonasIgetthere.
自我检测:
1. There___ameetingtomorrowafternoon.
A.willbegoingtobeB.isgoingtohave
C.isgoingtobe D.willhave
2.It___usalongtimetolearnEnglishwell.
A.tookB.willtakeC.spendsD.willspend
3.--- ___you___freetomorrow?
---No.I____freethedayaftertomorrow.
A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;will
C.Are;goingto;willbe D.Are;goingtobe;willbe
4.He______inthreedays.
A.comingback B.cameback C.willcomeback D.comesback
5.Ifhe______tocollege,he_____alotmore.
A.willgo…willlearnB.willgo…isgoingtolearn
C.isgoing…isgoingtolearnD.goes…willlearn
6.Whenshe_____nexttime,I______hereverything.
A.isgoingtocome…shalltellB.willcome…shalltell
C.comes…willtellD.comes…tell
.六、过去将来时:
1.概念:
立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:
3.基本结构:
4.否定形式:
5.一般疑问句:
6.例句:
HesaidhewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.
Iaskedwhowasgoingthere.
自我检测:
1.---Theplaneisleavingrightnow,butJimhasn'tarrivedyet.
---Well,hesaidhe_____hereontime.
AcameBwouldcomeCcanbeDwillbe
2.She_____thatshe_____herbesttohelpthemthenextterm.
A.says…willdoB.said…willdoC.said…woulddoD.says…woulddo
3.Jack_____thatthey_____surprisedtoseeitthisFriday.
A.know…wouldbeB.knows…willbeC.knew…wouldbeD.knew…willbe
4.She____illsoshe____abletogoskatingthenextday.
A.is…won'tbeB.is…wouldn'tbeC.was…won'tbeD.was…wouldn'tbe
5.He_____thethieftothepolicewhenhe_____themanagain.
A.wouldtake…wouldmeetB.wouldtake…met
C.willtake…willmeetD.willtake…meet
6.LiMingsaidhe___happyifBrian____toChinanextmonth.
Awas;come Bwas;wouldcomeCwouldbe;came Dwillbe;come
七、现在完成时:
1.概念:
过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:
3.基本结构:
4.否定形式:
5.一般疑问句:
6用法
(1)现在完成时与表示一段时间的for短语、since短语或从句等连用时,应注意句中的谓语动词须是延续性的,而不能是非延续性动词,如:
come→__________,go→__________,die→__________,borrow→__________,buy→__________,join→__________,leave→__________,等。
(2)havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin的用法区别:
havebeento
havegoneto
havebeenin
—WhereisMrsSmith?
—Sheisn'there.ShehasgonetoEngland.
自我检测:
1.You_____mewaitingfortwohours.I_____foryousincefive.
A.Kept…waitedB.havekept…waitedC.kept…havewaitedD.havekept…havewaited
2IhopeI___nomistakeinmyworksofar.
A.makeB.ammakingC.havemadeD.wasmaking
3Inthepastfiveyears.I___Englishwords.
A.havelearnedthreethousandB.learnedthreethousandof
C.hadlearnedthreethousandsD.learnedthousandsof
4.---_____youever_____America?
---Yes,Ihave.
A.Have…gonetoB.Have…goneinC.Have…beentoD.Have…beenin
5.TheGreens_____Chinaforfiveyears.
A.hasbeeninB.havebeeninC.havebeentoD.hasgoneto
6.---Where_____John_____?
---Tothelibrary.He_____thereforanhour.
A.has,been;hasgoneB.has,gone;hasbeen
C.did,go;wentD.did,be;went
7He___inourschoolfor20yearsandhe___herein1977.
A.hastaught;cameB.hastaught;hascomeC.taught;cameD.hasteached;hascame
8.---_____you_____thetextyet?
---Yes,we_____ittwohoursago.
A.Did,copy;didB.Have,copied;have
C.Have,copied;didD.Did,copy;had
9.---_____you______thefilmbefore?
andwhen____you_____it?
A.Have,seen;did,seeB.Did,see;die,watch
C.Have,seen;have,seenD.Did,see;have,seen
10.Hergrandpa___forthreeyears.
A.hasbeendeadB.hasdiedC.hadbeendeadD.died
11.Tom___Londonfortwoyears.
A.hadleftB.hasgoneawayC.hasbeenawayfromD.hadbeenawayfrom
12.Howlong___aPartymember?
A.haveyoubeenB.areyouC.haveyoubecomeD.didyoubecome
八、过去完成时:
1.概念:
以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语:
3.基本结构:
4.否定形式:
5.一般疑问句:
WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenon.
Bythetimeshegotup,herbrotherhadalreadygoneintothebathroom.
Bytheendofthematch,theyhadkickedtwogoalsandwehadkickedfour.
自我检测:
1.Bytheendoflastterm,we___overtwothousandnewwords.
A.learnedB.havelearnedC.willlearnD.hadlearned
2.BythetimeI_____back,they____uptenmeters.
A.came…haveclimbedB.came…hadclimbed
C.come…haveclimbedD.hadcome…climbed
3.He_____theArmybytheendof1992.He____inthearmysincethen.
A.joined…isB.hasjoined…hasbeen
C.hadjoined…isD.hadjoined…hasbeen
4.Themeeting____forfiveminuteswhenIgotthere.
A.hadbegunB.hadbeenonC.hasbegunD.hasbeenon
5.Beforewegottotherailwaystation,thetrain___already.
A.wentoutB.hadgoneC.hasgoneD.hasarrived
6.He_____angrybecausehe_____foralongtime.
A.hadgot…hadwaitedB.got…waitedC.hadgot…waitedD.got…hadwaited
动词的语态
1.动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。
英语有两种语态:
主动语态表示________________________________,被动语态表示________________________________,
2.被动语态由“________________________________”构成。
助动词有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。
其后的实义动词必须为___________,或“动词+介词”构成的________________。
现以及物动词ask为例,其各种时态形式的被动结构如下表所示。
结构
Ask的各种被动语态形式
形式
___________be的适当形式+及物动词的过去分词
时态
一般现在时