外刊经贸知识选读自考试题1.docx

外刊经贸知识选读自考试题1.docx

《外刊经贸知识选读自考试题1.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《外刊经贸知识选读自考试题1.docx（7页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

外刊经贸知识选读自考试题1

2012年4月外刊经贸知识选读自考试题

2012年4月（全国）外刊经贸知识选读自考试题

一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个可以替代句中划线的单词或词组，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.There’snotmuchprospectofMrSmith’sbeingelectedasCongressman.

A.abilityB.possibility

C.capabilityD.specialty

2.TheIslamicDevelopmentBank（IDB）istopayout$356millionforprojectfinancingandtradeoperations.

A.disburseB.display

C.demonstrateD.distribute

3.Chinahasthemostdynamiceconomyintheworldtoday.

A.motiveB.passive

C.activeD.massive

4.TheexpertarguedthatChinacouldsurpassbothJapanandtheUnitedStatestobecometheworldlargesteconomyin2020.

A.expendB.extend

C.expandD.exceed

5.Hisrobuststrengthwasacounterpoisetothedisease.

A.vigorousB.excessive

C.moderateD.lackluster

6.Thereisanamazingamountofeconomicfrictionupanddowntherealestateindustry.

A.flashB.clash

C.brushD.crash

7.ItisevidentthatChina’seconomyisoneofthefastestgrowingintheworld.

A.cleanB.flat

C.clearD.dour

8.TheGovernmentPrintingOfficeprovidesfreepublicaccesstofull-textfederaldocuments.

A.excessB.exit

C.extraD.entry

9.Thenewsslowlypassedthroughtoeveryoneintheoffice.

A.filteredB.riveted

C.formedD.delved

10.TheonlysournotehasbeenstruckbynewenergytaxproposalsintheUSandtheEC.

A.introductionsB.destinations

C.accommodationsD.suggestions

11.USprotectionistmeasureshelpedwrecktheworldeconomyinthe1930s.

A.diminishB.deliver

C.destroyD.detatch

12.Make-upexpertssteergirlstowardlightcolors,fragrances.

A.tendB.guide

C.endureD.strain

13.Theadvertisementitselfwillpullyourattentionandimmediatelyyouwillfeelthatyouneeditforyourlifestyle.

A.segmentB.trademark

C.reformulationD.commercial

14.TheChinese,whoconstitute95percentofHongKong’spopulation,preferbrowneggsoverwhite.

A.composeB.compete

C.combineD.compile

15.Generally,thefirststageintheextractionofcrudeoilistodrillawellintotheundergroundreservoir.

A.grimB.strict

C.rawD.severe

二、将下列词组译成中文（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

16.exclusivecontract17.currentaccount

18.clearingagreement19.percapitaincome

20.barrier-freemarket21.carbontax

22.realestate23.testmarket

24.intellectualpropertyright25.businesscycle

三、将下列词组译成英文（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

26.供应过剩27.收盘价

28.初级产品29.市场份额

30.双边条约31.产地证明书

32.中国出口商品交易会33.资本货物

34.优先权35.直接投资

四、简答题（本大题共6小题，共18分）

Passage1

In1961,whenGen.ParkChungHeeseizedpowerinamilitarycoup,yearlypercapitaincomehoveredatabare-bones$100.ParkcommittedKoreatoexportingitswayoutofpoverty,andhisstrategywasassimpleasitwaseffective:

showerthecountry’sfledgingconglomerateswithhugesubsidies,government-basedloansandofficialfavorsandturnthemintotheworld’ssuppliersofbargain-basementtextiles,footwearandlightindustrialgoods.

Theresultshavebeendazzling.Fortwodecades,Koreahassizzledalongatan8percentannualgrowthrate.Exportshavesurgedfrom$119millionin1964to$29billionlastyear.Percapitaincome,now$2,000,couldreach$5,000bytheendofthecentury.Koreaboastsaliteracyrateof95percent,astandardmetbyonlyafewofthemostadvancedWesternnations.TheonceprovincialcapitalofSeoulteemswithenergyandsophistication.

36.Whatdo“hover”and“bare-bones”meaninthepassage?

37.WhichcountriesintheworldbesidesKoreahavealiteracyrateof95percent?

38.Inwhatsenseistheunderlinedword“sophistication”usedhere?

Whatmightitrefertospecificallyandwhatdoesithavetodowithenergy?

Passage2

Internationaltradebybarteris,infact,aninefficientandexpensivemeansofdoingbusinesscomparedtotradingwithmoney.ObservesDavidYoffie,“Tocovertheadditionalcostsitincursinhandlinggoodsitisforcedtotakeincountertrade,amultinationalcompanysimplybooststhepriceofthegoodsitsells.”Yoffieseescountertradeasaformofprotectionism.“Itcanhelponegroupandhurtanother,”hesays.

Ontheotherhand,DanielCecchin,directorofCountertradeServicesforBankAmericaWorldTradeCorp.,assertsthattheriseofcountertradeprovidespracticalsolutionstothedebtproblemsoftheinternationalmonetarysystem.

39.Whatisthemeaningof“barter”initstraditionalform?

40.Inwhatsenseiscountertradeseenasaformofprotectionism?

41.AccordingtoCecchin,whatisthebenefitofcountertrade?

五、正误判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

Passage1

Theterm“quality”isoneofthemostmisusedinthebusinessworld.Whatexactlydoesitmean?

Ourgrandparentswouldhavebeeninnodoubt.Qualitymeantexcellence:

athingwasthebestofitskind,andthatwasthat.Inbusiness,however,thewordhasacquiredaverydifferentmeaning:

consistency,alackofdefects.

Around1970,itissaid,agroupofinvestmentanalystsvisitedaworld-famousUKengineeringcompany.Theyaskedthequestionsoftheirtrade:

aboutprofitmargins,stockcontrolandbalancesheets.Thecompany’sexecutivesdidnotseethepointofallthis.Theirproductswerethefinestintheworld.Whyallthesedetailedquestionsaboutnumbers?

RollsRoyce,thecompanyinquestion,dulywentbustin1973.Thetroublewithold-stylequalitywasthatitencouragedsupply-drivenmanagement.Theengineerswouldmaketheproducttothehighestpossiblestandardandpriceitaccordingly.Ifthepublicwassounculturedthattheyturneditdown,somuchtheworseforthepublic.Itwasallverywellforartiststoproducemasterpieces.Thejobofcompanieswastopleasethemarket.

Qualityhasathirdmeaning:

thatofvalueformoney.Toqualifyforthatmeaning,aproductmustbeofcertainstandard;anditshouldconveyasense,notofoutrightcheapness,butofbeingsoldatafairprice.

TheUSfastfoodsgroupMcDonald’s,forinstance,talksofits‘highqualityfood’.Butat99cor99p,itshamburgersareasclosetoabsolutecheapnessasanypersoninthedevelopedworldcoulddesire.Theyarealsohighlyconsistent.EataMcDonald’sanywherearoundtheworldandtheresultswillberoughlysimilar.ButasanyonewhohaseatenareallygoodAmericanhamburgerknows,aMcDonald’sisalsoalongwayfromqualityinitsoriginalsense.

42.Qualityusedtomeanthataproductwaswell-madeandhigh-priced.

43.Nowadays,qualitymeansconsistencyandcheapprice.

44.TheinvestmentanalystswhovisitedaUKengineeringcompanywerefromRollsRoyce.

45.Companiesshouldlearnfromartistsandproducemasterpieces.

46.ThewriterthinksthatMcDonald’shamburgersarenotworththemoney.

Passage2

Thenumbersaresurprising:

millionsofpeoplegettingoffpovertyinageneration,billionsofdollarsinwealthcreatedeveryyear.Inthepasttwodecades,twooutoffiveIndonesiansescapedpoverty.Asianexportswentfromlessthanone-seventhoftheworldtotaltoalmost30%.NowonderpeoplecallittheAsianEconomicMiracle.Buttotheworkersand14-hour-a-dayentrepreneurs,itwasnothingmagical.Justplainhardwork,businesssense,atasteforrisks,andabitofluck.

Today,China,Japan,India,IndonesiaandSouthKoreaareamongtheworld’s12largesteconomies.High-profileAsianbusinesseslikeToyota,Samsung,HongkongBankandSingaporeAirlinesarenowalsoglobalgiants.Andthegrowthformulaofenterprise,investmentandexportshascrossedbordersandwaters.ChinaandothersocialisteconomiesofAsiaarefollowingthetrailblazedbyJapan,thenewlyindustrializedcountries（NICs）andASEAN.

NowAsiaisre-inventingthemiracle.Theaffluentmiddleclasscreatedbytheboomistakingoverfromexportsasthemainengineofgrowth.Alsoaddingtothethrustisinfrastructurespendingtosupportfutureexpansion.AsianinvestmentandtradearedevelopingnewmarketsandproductioncentersrightinsideAsia.JapanandtheNICsarepassinglabor-intensivesectorslikegarment-makingovertolessdevelopednationsandmovingintoadvancedtechnologyandservices.

Greaterwealthhasbroughtadownside.ManyAsianshaveabandonedtheirtraditionaldietsformanytypesoffat-ladenfoods.So,inadditiontobecomingtaller,theyarealsobecomingfatter.Andtheyaregrowingmoresusceptibletodiseasessuchasdiabetes.Badeatinghabitscombinedwithstresshavemadecancer,heartdiseaseandstrokesintomajorkillers.

47.TheworkersandentrepreneursinAsiawork14hoursaday.

48.TheeconomicdevelopmentmodesoftheAsiancountriesareverydifferent.

49.ThetwodrivingforcesofthenewcycleofdevelopmentinAsiaaretherichmiddleclassandinfrastructurespending.

50.Thenewly-industrializedcountriesaremovingawayfromthelabor-intensivesweatshopstothecomputer-aidedworkplaces.

51.OneofthenextchallengesAsiawillfaceistocopewiththedownsideofwealth.

六、翻译题（本大题12分）

52.Once,whenJapanfacedpressurefromabroad,itwouldeithergiveinreluctantlyorkeepquietandhopethatthefusswoulddiedown.Nolonger,itseems.TheClintonadministrationstronglybelievesinexertingsuchpressure.ItspolicyistoopensomeJapanesemarketsbysettingimporttarget—anapproachtotradepolicythatsupporterscall“results-oriented”.Thisuglytermforeshadowsuncertainconsequences.FarfromcapitulatingtothisnewthrustofAmericantradepolicy,Japanistakingastandthatcouldleadtoatrans-Pacificconfrontation.