版 第1部分 选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity.docx
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版第1部分选修8Unit1Alandofdiversity
Unit1 Alandofdiversity
[单词 拼写应用]
核心单词
1.meansn.手段;方法
2.hardshipn.苦难;困苦
3.boomn.(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期
4.occurvi.发生;出现
5.luggagen.行李
6.hirevt.&n.租用;雇用
7.thankfuladj.感激的;感谢的
8.reformvt.&vi.改革;革新n.改良;改革;改造
9.graspvt.&n.抓住;抓紧;掌握;领会
10.customsn.海关;关税;进口税
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Itjustoccurred(occur)tomethatifwewantedtogototheseashoreforourvacation,wehadbettermakereservationsinadvance.
2.IamnotcertainwhetherIhavegrasped(grasp)whatyoumeant.
3.Lastyearhehired(hire)threelabourerstohelphisharvest.
4.Inthemeantime,mobileonlineshoppingmarketis_booming(boom)inChina,withanannualgrowthrateof63.5%.
5.Wheneveritis,weshouldkeepathankful(thank)hearttowardseverythingexisted.
6.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceourcountryreformed(reform)andopenedtotheoutsideworld40yearsago.
拓展单词
1.majoradj.主要的vi.主修n.专业→majorityn.大多数;大半→(反义词)minorityn.少数
2.electvt.选择;决定做某事;选举某人→electionn.选举
3.punishv.处罚;惩罚→punishmentn.处罚;惩罚
4.crossn.十字;交叉adj.交叉的;生气的v.使交叉;横过→crossingn.横渡;横越;十字路口;人行横道→acrossprep.在……的对面(过);朝;向
5.applyvi.申请→applicantn.申请人→applicationn.申请书;申请
6.indicatevt.指出;标示;表明;暗示→indicationn.迹象;标示→indicatorn.指示器;指示信号
7.apparentadj.显而易见的;显然的;表面上的→apparentlyadv.显然地;显而易见地
8.racen.种族;比赛→racialadj.人种的;种族的
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Apparently,shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)
2.OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(major)
3.Parentsshouldn'tpunishthechildrenforsmallmistakes,becausetoomuchpunishmentwillleadtotheirlosingconfidence.(punish)
4.“Walkacrossthisstreetandturnleftatthefirstcrossing.”theboytoldthelady.(cross)
5.AlltheapplicantscanapplyinpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay6th.(apply)
阅读词汇
1.straitn.海峡
2.Arcticadj.北极的;北极区的
3.federaladj.联邦制的;联邦政府的
4.aircraftn.飞行器;航空器;飞机
5.polen.地极;电极;磁极
6.vicen.&adj.代理;副职
7.shavev.刮;剃
8.tramn.(有轨)电车
9.bakeryn.面包房;面包厂
10.seagulln.海鸥
11.cattlen.牛(总称)
12.mournv.哀悼;悼念;表示悲痛
13.nephewn.侄子;外甥
拓展联想
1.单复数意义不同的名词小结
①custom(风俗)→customs(海关)
②manner(方式)→manners(礼貌)
③paper(纸)→papers(文件)
④art(艺术)→arts(文科)
⑤arm(手臂)→arms(武器)
⑥work(工作)→works(作品)
2.带后缀ing的名词集锦
①crossing十字路口
②training训练
③feeling感觉
④wedding婚礼
⑤marketing促销
⑥spending花销
⑦engineering工程
3.后缀“or”表示“人”的高频名词
①conductor售票员;列车员
②translator翻译家;译者
③director导演;主管
④educator教育工作者
⑤editor编辑
⑥inventor发明家;发明者
⑦operator操作员;接线员
熟词生义
你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗?
1.Shefoundherselfrarelycheckingthesocialnetworkingsite,lettingdaysorevenweeksslipbybetweenvisits.(时间)不知不觉地过去
2.NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.想到
3.Asvisitors,theleastwecandoisbeciviltothepeopleintheirownland.彬彬有礼的;客气的
[短语 多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.keep_up坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)
2.live_on继续存在;继续生存
3.make_a_life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
4.by_means_of用……办法;借助……
5.occur_to_sb.某人突然想到
6.a_great/good_many许多;很多
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空。
Inthehistory,theChineseimmigrationintoCaliforniadatesbacktothe1850s.①A_great/good_manyChinesewenttoCalifornia②by_means_ofshipforgoldorjobs.Aftertheirarrival,theyhadto③make_a_lifethere,forwhichsomepeoplesufferedalot,andothers④kept_uptheirChinesecustomsto⑤live_on.
高
频
短
语
7.take_in包括;吸收;欺骗;理解
8.apply_for申请;请示得到
9.mark_out用线画出范围;标出……界线
10.back_to_back背靠背
11.team_up_with与……合作或一起工作
12.the_majority_of大多数……
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空。
Inthelateryears,⑥the_majority_ofimmigrantsfromChina⑦teamed_up_withthelocalAmericanstobuildtheirnewhomes.ThehardworkingChineseimmigrantsgradually⑧took_inAmericanEnglishto⑨apply_forjobs.TheydidreallymakeagreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofAmerica.
拓
展
联
想
1.“v.+out”结构短语荟萃
①markout标出……界线
②turnout结果是
③makeout理解;辨认出
④workout锻炼
⑤cutout删去
⑥comeout出版;开花
2.“v.+in”结构短语聚焦
①breakin强行闯入
②givein屈服;投降
③turnin上交
④takein吸收;欺骗
⑤succeedin在……取得成功
⑥engagein从事;参加;忙于
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.Itislikelythat...有可能……。
However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.
有可能我们的父母能更好地理解我们并给我们一些合理的建议。
It_is_likely_thatourparentscanunderstandusbetterandgiveussomereasonableadvice.
2.Thatiswhy...那就是……的原因。
Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.
他迷恋电脑游戏,那就是他不得不辍学的原因。
Heisaddictedtocomputergames,andthat_is_whyhehastodropoutofschool.
3.Itisbelievedthat...人们认为/相信……。
Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.
人们普遍认为书的影响是如此之大,以至于我们的父母总是鼓励我们养成良好的阅读习惯,阅读更多的书籍。
It_is_commonly_believed_thattheinfluenceofbooksissogreatthatourparentsalwaysencourageustoformgoodhabitsofreadingandtoreadmorebooks.
精讲4个考纲单词
1.meansn.手段;方法
(1)单句语法填空
①Studentssometimessupportthemselvesbymeansofdoingparttimejobs.
②Everypossiblemeanshas_been_tried(try),butnonehasworked.
③Allpossiblemeanshave_been_tried(try),butnonehasworked.
④(2018·江苏卷)Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeans(mean)differentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Punishmentisbynomeansawisechoicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.
(高级表达)By_no_means_is_punishment_a_wise_choicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.(倒装)
先理解再牢记
(1)bythismeans通过这种方法
bymeansof用……办法;借助……
byallmeans一定,务必;当然可以
bynomeans决不,一点也不(位于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
(2)ameansofcommunication一种通讯/交流工具
(3)meanvt.意味着
[名师点津] means是单复数同形的名词,其谓语动词的数取决于means前的修饰语:
①若all/some/several/manymeans作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;②若every/each/one/ameans作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
2.majorityn.大多数;大半
(1)单句语法填空
①Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembersare(be)againstit.
②(2016·北京卷)Infact,heinspiresmetomajorinEnglishincollege,tobeabridgebetweenChinaandtheworld.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Whenitcomestoeducation,mostpeoplebelievethatitisalifetimestudy.
(高级表达)Whenitcomestoeducation,the_majority_ofpeoplebelievethatitisalifetimestudy.
先理解再牢记
(1)a/themajorityof...大多数……(谓语动词用复数)
beina/themajority构成大部分/大多数
(2)majorn.&v.专业;主修
majorin主修……;以……为专业
(3)minorityn.少数
intheminority占少数
[佳句背诵] (2016·天津卷)Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.
3.occurvi.发生;出现
(1)单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,somethingoccurred(occur)tome.
②Itdidn'toccurtohertoaskforhelp.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
他忽然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。
①It_hit_him_thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(hit)
②It_struck_him_thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(strike)
先理解再牢记
sth.occurstosb.某人想到某事
Itoccurstosb.
某人想到做某事
Itstrikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起……
[佳句背诵] Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccidentoccurred.
4.indicatevt.指出;标示;表明;暗示
(1)单句语法填空
①Thereisagreatdealofevidenceindicating(indicate)thatlisteningtosoftmusiccanreducestress.
②Asis_indicated(indicate)inthesurvey,moreandmorepeoplechoosetotravelabroad.
③Thewayapersonisdressedinisagoodindication(indicate)ofhis/hercharacterorpersonality.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
图画显示,一个男孩坐在桌边专心读书。
As_is_indicated_in_the_picture,aboyissittingatthetable,absorbedinreading.
先理解再牢记
(1)indicatesth.(tosb.)(向某人)暗示某事
indicatethat/whclause表示……;示意……
(2)indicationn.暗示;表示;预兆
[佳句背诵] (2016·四川卷)Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleep.
诠释2个核心短语
1.makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
(1)单句语法填空
①Shehadtolookforparttimebabysittingjobstheseyearsto_make(make)aliving.
②Thevillage,whichhadseemeddeserted,immediatelycametolife.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
汤姆是一位能靠打鱼谋生的人。
Tomisamanwhocanmake_a_living_byfishing.
先理解再牢记
(1)makealivinglearnone'sliving维持生计,谋生
(2)live/leada...life过着……生活
come(back)tolife苏醒;变得活跃;恢复生气
bring...backtolife使……苏醒过来;给……活力
2.takein包括;吸收;理解;欺骗;收留
(1)写出下列句中takein的含义
①(2016·四川卷)Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.吸收
②Don'tbetakeninbyproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.欺骗
③ItwasseveralminutesbeforeItookinwhathewassaying.理解
④Imanagedtorentahousebigenoughtotakeinpeople.收留
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Ilistenedtothespeechcarefully,butIstillcouldn'tunderstand.
(高级表达)Ilistenedtothespeechcarefully,butIstillcouldn'ttake_anything_in.
先理解再牢记
takeapart拆开
takedown拿下,记下
takeoff起飞;匆匆离去;脱下;大获成功
takeon呈现;雇用;承担
takeover接收;接管;取代
takeup占用;占据;开始从事
[佳句背诵] (2018·浙江卷)NowthatIhaveanadvantageoverotherapplicants,I'meagertobetakenonforthisvoluntaryjob.
突破1个高考句型
(教材P2)That_is_whytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.
这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。
[要点提炼] why...为表语从句,意为“这/那就是……的原因”。
(1)单句语法填空
①(2018·浙江卷)IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandiseasytogetalongwith.That'swhyI'mwritingtoapplyforthejob.
②ThereasonwhyTomcamelateforthemeetingwasthathewasill.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
他有重要的事情要处理,这就是他没参加会议的原因。
①Hehadanurgentthingtodealwithandthat_was_whyhedidn'tattendthemeeting.
②Hedidn'tattendthemeetingandthat's_becausehehadanurgentthingtodealwith.
先理解再牢记
(1)That'swhy...那就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)
(2)That'sbecause...那是因为……(because从句表示原因)
(3)Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……的原因是……
[佳句背诵] Tomwasverylazy.Thatwaswhyheneverachievedanythinginhislife.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Thegovernmentismadeupof120offici