英语科普知识.docx
《英语科普知识.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语科普知识.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
英语科普知识
Unit1LivingandNonlivingthings
HowdoPlantsandAnimalsNeedoneanother"
Mainidea
OurenvironmentincludesLivingandNonlivingthings.
Plantsandanimalsdependoneachother.
Theymakeuptheenvironment.
Scienceknowledge:
（1）HowdoAnimalsgethelpfromplants
1.Theyuseplantsforshelter.Theyhideorbuildhomeinplants.
2.Plantsgiveoffoxygenwhileanimalsneedoxygen.
3.Someanimalseatplantdirectlyorindirectly.
（2）HowdoAnimalsgivehelptoplants
Animalshelpplantstoreproduce.
1.Animalscarryfruitswhichcontainsseeds.
2.Theyspreadpollenforplants,pollensticktothem.
Vocabulary
1.Environmentn.环境
2.Reproducev.繁殖
3.Pollenn.花粉
4.Livingandnonlivingthings生物和非生物
5.Oxygenn.氧气giveoffoxygen放出氧气
6.Dependoneachother互相依赖
7.Meetone’sdemand满足某人的需求
8.Stickv.粘贴sticktoone’sidea坚持自己的观点
n.细棒
Whatisafoodchain"
Mainidea
Allfoodchainsaremadeofproducers,consumers,anddecomposers.
Energymovesupfromplantstoanimalsinafoodchain.
Scienceknowledge
（1）food
1.Plantsuseaprocesscalledphotosynthesis,usingwater,carbondioxideandenergyfromthesuntomakesugarsandgiveoffoxygen.
2.livingthingseatotherlivingthings.Theygetenergyfromthem.
（2）foodchain
1.Foodchainshowsthepathenergymovesbetweenlivingthingsinanecosystem.
2.Theonebeeneateniscalledpreyandtheonewhoeatsthepreyiscalledpredator.Ananimalcanbothbeapreyandapredator.
Vocabulary
1.Foodchainn.食物链
2.Producern.生产者makefoodthemselves
3.Photosynthesisn.光合作用
4.Consumern.消费者eatorgetfoodfromtheproducer.
5.Decomposern.分解者
6.Carnivoren.食肉动物Herbivoren.食草动物
Omnivoren.杂食动物
7.Preyn.猎物predatorn.猎食者
8.Raccoonn.浣熊
Unit2Animals
WhatareSomekindsofAnimals"
Mainidea
Animalscanbeputintogroups.
Theyaredifferentinordertosurvive.
Groupsofanimalshavesimiliarbodyparts.
Scienceknowledge
Differentfeatures
1.Mammalshashairorfurcoveringtheirskin.
Mostmothersgivebirthtoliveyouth.
Theyoungdrinkmilkfromtheirmother.
2.Birdshavefeathers,wingsandbeak.Notallbirdscanfly.
Theyusebeakstogetfoodandbuildnests.
Theylayeggstohaveyoung.
3.Repitleshavedryskinwithscales.
Mostmotherslayeggsonland.
4.Mostyoungamphibianliveinwater.
Whileadultsliveonland.
Theylaytheireggsinwater.
5.Fishliveinwaterandusetheirgillstobreatheinoxygen.
Finshelpthemtosteer,swimandbalance.
Mostofthemhavescales.
6.Insectshavesixlegsandthreeparts.
Theyhaveahardbodycoveringandhavenobones.
Vocabulary
1.Differentkindsofanimals：
Mammaln.哺乳动物reptilen.爬行动物
Amphibiann.两栖动物insectn.昆虫
2.Featuren.特点
3.Scalen.鳞片
4.Inorderto=soasto为了
5.Survivev.生存
6.Similiaradj.相近
7.Helpsb.（to）dosth.帮助某人做某事
WhataresomeAnimallifecycles"
Mainidea
Allanimalsreproducetomakenewanimals.
Younganimalsmayormaynotlookliketheirparents.
Animalshavealifecycle.
Scienceknowledge
（1）animal’slifecycle
1.Manyanimalsbeginbyhatchingfromaegg.
2.Metamorphosischangewhentheygrow.
（e.g.Egg--youngtadpole--growingtadpole--frog）
（e.g.Egg--larva--pupa--adultbutterfly）
（2）aboutbutterfly
1.Egg:
Afemalebutterflylaysatinyegg.
2.Larva:
alarvahatchesfromtheegg.Iteatsandgrowsquickly.
3.Pupa:
Itstopseatingandmakesahardcovering（pupa）.
4.Butterfly:
Andadultfliesout.Itcanhaveitsyoung.
（3）aboutpolarbears
1.Newborn:
theyareintheden,anddrinkmilkfromthemother.
2.Growingcub:
theyareoutsideexploring.
3.Youngpolarbear:
theyarelearningtohuntandswim.
4.Adultpolarbear:
theyliveonitsownandhaveyoung.
Vocabulary
1.Lifecyclen.生命周期
2.Metamorphosisn.变形
3.Tadpolen.蝌蚪
4.Larvan.幼虫
5.Pupan.蛹
6.Breathev.呼吸
Breathn.呼吸
7.Huntv.捕猎
8.Liveonitsown自己生存
9.Coveringn.覆盖物
10.Denn.窝
Unit3plants
Whataresomeplantparts"
Mainidea
Plantshavepartsthathelpthemgrow.
ThePhysicalcharacteristicofplantshelpthemmeettheirneeds.
Scienceknowledge
Thepartsofplantsandtheiruse.
1.Leaveuseair,waterandsunlighttomakefood
2.Stemcarrywaterandnutrient（nutrition）fromtheroots.
Andgivewatertoleavesandotherpartoftheplant.
3.Therootsgrowintosoilandholdtheplant.
Theytakewaterandnutrientsfromthesoil.
4.Theflowerpartincludespollen,petalsandseeds.
Theflowermakeseedsbypollen（apowder）.
Mostofthemusepollenfromotherflowers.
Petalsattractinsectstohelpthemmovepollen.
Vocabulary
1.Physicalcharacteristicn.体型特征
2.meettheirneedv.满足他们的需求
3.Sunlightn.
4.Stemn.茎
5.Flowern.花朵
6.Pollenn.花粉
7.Petaln.花瓣
8.Seedn.种子
9.Powdern.粉末
10.Attractv.吸引
Whataresomeplantlifecycles"
Mainidea
Allplantshavelifecycles.
Theybeginwithseed,andthengrowtoaplant.
Plantsflowertomakeseeds.
Scienceknowledge
（1）theknowledgeaboutplants
1.Differentplantsgrowindifferenttime.
2.Sometreescanlivehundredsofyears.
3.Someplantsdon’thaveflowers
（e.g.pinetree,theseedsareinitscone）.
4.Thefruitgrowsaroundtheseedtoprotectthem.
（2）howtheseedgrow
1.Thetinyplantisinsideaseed.
2.Theseedgerminates.Itbecomeaseedling.
3.Thestemgrowupwardtowardslight.
4.Theplantgrowmorerootandleaves.
5.Theplantgrowflowers.Itmakesseeds.
Vocabulary
1.Germinatev.发芽
2.Seedlingn.幼苗
3.Conen.松果
4.Flowern.花，花朵
v.开花
5.Upwardadj.向上的
adv.向上地
6.Hundredsof成百上千
Thousandsof成千上万
7.Lifecyclen.生命周期
Unit4Environments
Howdoenvironmentschangeovertime"
Mainidea
Environmentchangeovertimeduetomanyinfluences.
Naturalevent（fire...）canharmtheenvironments.
Weharmtheenvironmentbypollutingthem.
Smallchangescanchangetheentireenvironment.
Scienceknowledge
（1）Howcanfirechangetheenvironment"
1.Firesorsomeotherthingcanchangetheenvironment.
2.Itburnsthetreeandkillstheanimals.
3.Thechangewon’tlastforever.
Animalsreturnandplantsgrow.
（2）Howdoplants（kudzu）oranimalchangeenvironment.
1.Thekudzugrowveryfast,andleavingnosunshineforotherplants.
2.Plantsarounditdiebecausetheydon’thavesunshine.
3.Beaversbuilddam,whichblocksthedam.
4.Itmakeapond.
（3）whatpeopledoeffecttheenvironment
1.Weneedresourcestomeetourneeds.
2.Wecanhelptheenvironmentby
1.Plantmoretrees.
2.Reducetrashandkeepitclean.
3.Weharmtheenvironmentby
1.Cutdowntrees.
2.Pollutionandtrashharmtheenvironment.
Vocabulary
1.Changesthentirely=changetheentire+sth.
彻底改变某物
2.Dueto由于，因为
3.Kudzun.野
4.Leavenosth.Forsb.用尽某物不留给某人
5.Damn.堤坝
Beavern.河狸
6.Resourcesn.资源
7.Influencen.影响
8.Naturaleventn.自然事件
Howdoenvironmentalchangesaffectlivingthings"
Mainidea
Naturaleventssuchasfire,floodanddroughtcanaffectlivingthings.
Peoplecandothingtohelportoharmthelivingthings.
Scienceknowledge
（1）.Howcannaturaleventsaffecttheenvironment
1.Lighteningandothereventscausefiretoburn.
Firedestroyanimal’shabitats.Pineconesneedfiretoopen.
Butitalsoclearspacefornewplantstogrow.
2.Erosioncanmovesandandrocks.
Habitatsforusandanimalsdisappear.
Toolessortoomuchwatercancausedroughtorflood.
（2）.Howcananimalsorplantsaffecttheenvironment"
1.Bybuildingshelters.
2.Someplantstakeoverallthespaceandmakeitharderforotherplantstolive.
3.Someanimalscausediseases.
（3）Howdoweaffecttheenvironment"
1.Weuseresourcesandcausepollution.
2.Webuilddamstocontrolthewater.
3.Wealsohelptheminmanyways.
Vocabulary
1.Floodn.洪水
2.Droughtn.干旱
3.Erosionn.侵蚀
4.Sheltern.避难所
5.Takeover接收
6.Causesthtohappen导致某事发生
7.Ina...Way以一种……的方式
inaspecialway
Unit5
Howarelivingthingsadaptedtotheirenvironment"
Mainidea
Plantsandanimalshaveadaptionforlivingindifferentenvironments.
Adoptionshelplivingthingssurvive.
Scienceknowledge
（1）howdodifferentkindsofanimalsadaptandprotect.
1.Camelsliveinplacesthataredryandsandy.
Theygotlongeyelashestokeepsandoutoftheireyes.
2.Penguinshaveathicklayeroffattokeepthemwarm.
3.Skunksreleaseastrongscent.
4.Theleafinsectlookslikealeaf
（2）howdoplantsprotectandadapt"
1.Rainforestplantshavelargeleavestogetsunlight.
2.Cactihaveathickstemtostorewater.
3.Someplantshavethornstopreventanimalsfromeating.
4.Someplantstastebad.
Vocabulary
1.Alayerof一层
2.Adaptv.适应
Adaption=somethingthathelpalivingthingtosurvive.
3.Thornn.尖刺
4.Scentn.气味
5.Eyelashesn.眼睫毛
6.Daffodiln.水仙花
7.Preventn.阻止
Whatareecosystems"
Mainidea
Anecosystemismadeofplants,animals,water,soilandotherthings.
LivingandNon-livingthingsdependoneachotherinanecosystem.
Habitatsarewhereapopulationlives.
Scienceknowledge
Theecosystemonlandandwater
1.Plantsandanimalshelpeachotherintheecosystem.（detailsinU1）
2.Manyanimalsandplantsliveinaecosystem.
3.Therearefoodchainsineveryecosystems.
Animalseatplantsoranimals.
4.Theunderwaterecosystemaremadebytinyanimalscalledcorals.
Vocabulary
1.Communityn.群落，社区
2.Habitatn.栖息地inhabitantn.居民，住户
Habitablen.适宜居住的
3.Ecosystemn.生态系统
4.Coralsn.珊瑚
5.Populationn.种群popularn.受欢迎的
6.Organismn.微生物
7.Ottern.水獭，水獭皮
8.Tropicaln.热带tropicalstorm
9.Anemonesn.海葵，银莲花
升级会员 