英语写作答案.docx

英语写作答案.docx

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英语写作答案

Contents（目录）

整个课程分四个大章节，每章标题如下，后面是具体内容

Unit1:

Paragraphandwholecomposition

Unit2:

Narrationandargumentation

Unit3:

Expositionanddescription

Unit4:

Practicalwritings

Unit1:

Paragraphandwholecomposition

1.Aparagraphisadivisionofwritingsexpressingonecentralidea.Itusuallyconsistsofseveralcloselyrelatedsentences.Itcanalsobecalledaunitofthought.Itisaunitinitselfandpartofala5gerwhole.

2.Paragraphismadeupofagroupofsentenceswhichaltogetherexpressacontrollingideaorcentralidea.Itincludestopicsentence,supportingsentences,andconcludingsentence.Theparagraphisthebasicunitofacomposition.

3.

●Itfocusesononemajoridea.Thismajorideaiscalledthetopicsentence.

●Itprovidesenoughdetailstodeveloptheidea.Aneffectiveparagraphdoesnotwastethereader’stime.Itdoesn’tstartsomethingwithoutfinishingit.Itcontainsenoughspecificdetailstoenablethereadertounderstandthewriter’spoint.

●Itissensiblyorganized:

Aneffectiveparagraphdoesnotborethereader.Itisorganizedsothereaderhasnotroublefollowingthewriter’sprogressionofthought—sothereadercanseethreepartsinaparagraph—1）thetopicsentence;2）supportingdetails,and3）theconcludingsentence.

4.Atopicsentenceisabriefstatementofthesubjectoftheparagraph.Itisveryimportantbecauseitdeterminesthecontentofthewholeparagraph.Therefore,specialattentionshouldbepaidtoit.

5.Mymotherhaspassedalongtomecertainrulesforgettingalongwithothers.

6.

⏹Thereismuchtosayabouttheproblemofunemployment.

⏹Itisashametowastetimeincollegeyears.

⏹Oneofhisinterestsistospendtimeinlibraries.

7.

⏹Agoodtopicsentencepresentsbothasubjectandanattitudetowardthatsubject.

⏹Atopicsentenceonlystatesonefactoroneopinion.

⏹thetopicshouldbeneithertooabstractnortoospecific.

⏹Furthermoreitisbettertobeplacedatthebeginningoftheparagraph.

8.

●Supportingdetailsdealwithdifferentaspectsofatopicsentence.

●supportingdetailsneversaythingsthatareirrelevanttothetopicsentence.

●supportingdetailsshouldbedevelopednaturallyandlogicallyfromonetoanother.

●eachsupportingdetailshouldnotbeeithertoolongortooshort.

9.

Theconcludingsentenceistherestatementofthetopicsentence.Itusuallysummarizetheideaofthewholeparagraphandtoopendoorstothenextparagraph.Therefore,aconcludingsentenceofaparagraphissupposedtobethelinkbetweenthetwoparagraphs.

Itmaybeabsentinsomeparagraphs.

10.1）Most,ifnotall,compositionsaremadeupofabeginning,amiddle,andanend.

2）

●Thebeginning（theintroduction）rousesthereader’sinterestinandsecureshisattentiontothesubjectmatteroftheessayorprovidesnecessarybackgroundinformation.

●Themiddle（thebody）givesaclearandlogicalpresentationofthefactsandideasthewriterintendstoputforth.

●Theend（theconclusion）windsuptheessayoftenwithanemphaticandforcefulstatementtoinfluencethereader’sfinalimpressionoftheessayandshowstheimplicationorconsequencesoftheargument.

11.

●Aquotation

●Figuresorstatistics

●Aquestionorseveralquestions.

●Thetimeandplaceoftheeventtobedescribed

●Relevantbackgroundmaterial

●Ananalogy

●Adefinition

Unit2:

Narrationandargumentation

1.

♦1.Tonarrateistogiveanaccountofaneventoraseriesofevents.Initsbroadestsense,narrativewritingincludesstories,realorimaginary,biographies,histories,newsitems,andnarrativepoems.

♦Narration,initsbroadestsense,isanyaccountofaneventorseriesofevents.Whenitisdefinedsimply,narrationisthetellingofatruedorimaginarystory.

2.

Matter-of-factNarration:

Itisanexactaccountofwhathappened.Inthiskindofaccountthefactsarestatedinchronologicalortimeorder.Narrationwithplot:

thiskindofnarrationisusedtotellastorysoitincludesenoughdetailsforclearnessandsomedescriptiontomakethestoryvivid.Itoftenfollowsachronologicalorderwithoneactionafteranotherasithappenedanddevelopedinoriginalexperience.

Itmainlyincludestravelaccount（游记）,news（新闻）,biography（传记）,diary（日记）,essay（散文，杂文）,anecdote（逸闻趣事）,adventurouspersonalexperience（亲历的冒险事件）,historicevents（史记）,epitaph（墓志铭）,

3.

♦Purpose:

whenawriterbeginstonarrate,theremustbeapurposeinhismindforwriting.Heshouldchooseenoughdetailsanddesigntheplotofhisnarrationcarefullyinordertoletotherstounderstandwhathewantstoexpressclearly.

♦Organization:

Eventsinanarrationareusuallyrelatedintheorderinwhichtheyoccur.Thatistosay,itiswritteninchronologicalorder.Butsometimesitisalsopossibletostartfromthemiddleorfromtheendofthenarrationwiththeeventthatismostimportanttoarousetheinterestofthereaderandthengobacktthebeginningbyusingflashbacks.Generally,anarrationismadeupofthreeparts:

abeginning,amiddlepartandanend.Thereisnoneedtomakeaconcludingparagraphwhenthestoryisclearlytoldandcomestotheendnaturally.However,sometimes,itisnecessarytoaddoneormoreparagraphsaboutthesignificanceofthestoryoraboutwhathappensafterwards.

♦Context:

Innarrativewriting,itshouldbeoftenmadeclearlyatthebeginningthat“when”“where”and“towhom”theactioninthenarrationhappened,whichprovideswithacontext,orcircumstancestothereadersoastohelphimtounderstandthewholenarration.

♦Selectionofdetails:

Inordertohelpthereaderknowwhatishappening,thewritershouldofferenoughdetails.But,thereshouldnotbetoomanydetails.Tohighlightthedevelopmentofnarration,theusefulandeffectivethingsareonlyrelevantdetailsorthingsthatcontributetobringoutthemainideasofthenarration.

4.

Anargumentinvolvestheprocessofestablishingaclaimandthenprovingitwiththeuseoflogicalreasoning,examples,andresearch.

5.

⏹Title

⏹Introduction:

Thesisstatement

⏹BodyParagraphs

ConstructingTopicSentences

BuildingMainPoints

CounteringtheOpposition

⏹Conclusion

6.

⏹Themostimportantsentenceinyourpaper

⏹Letsthereaderknowthemainideaofthepaper

⏹Answersthequestion:

“WhatamItryingtoprove?

”

⏹Notafactualstatement,butaclaimthathastobeproventhroughoutthepaper

7.

⏹Thethesisstatementshouldguideyourreaderthroughyourargument.

⏹Thethesisstatementisgenerallylocatedintheintroductionofthepaper.

⏹Athesisstatementmayalsobelocatedwithinthebodyofthepaperorintheconclusion,dependinguponthepurposeorargumentofthepaper.

8.参考范文

TheBestWaytoStayHealthy

Asthelivingstandardimprovesmoreandmorepeoplearepayingattentiontotheirhealthconditions.Differentpeopleusuallyhavedifferentwaystostayhealthy.Inmyopinion,themostimportantthingistokeepahealthyattitudetowardlife.

Itistruethatphysicalfactorsaffectone’shealthconditionsagreatdeal,butatthesametime,weshouldnotneglectthementalfactors.Manyscientificresearcheshaveshownthatanger,suspicionandenvydogreatharmtohumanbodieswhilebeingoptimisticcancuresomesmalldiseases.Wehavealsoheardofmanypeoplewholivemuchlongerthandoctors’predictionaftertheyhavebeendiagnosedincurablediseases.Thatis,becausetheykeepagoodmoodandstrugglewiththedifficultiesinlife.Comparedwiththosepeoplewhosufferseriousphysicalpain,wehealthypeoplearemuchmoreluckyandthereforehavemorereasonstomaintainahealthyattitudetolifenomatterwhatkindofhardshiplifemaygiveus.

Peopleuseallkindsofmethodstokeephealthybecausetheywanttolivehappily.Theninmypointofview,thereisnootherwaythankeepingahealthyattitudetowardlifecanmakepeoplehappierormorehealthy,bothphysicallyandmentally.

9.参考范文

ShouldRaisingPetsbeBanned?

Withthesteadygrowthinthecountry’seconomyaswellasthepeople’slivingstandard,agreatmanycitydwellerstakeupthehobbyofkeepingpets.Totheirmind,petsbringgreathappinessandfuntotheirlife.Inreality,petshavebecomeamemberofthepetowner’sfamily.However,recentlythisphenomenonhastriggeredaheateddiscussionastowhethercitypeopleshouldbeallowedtoraisepets.Therearepeopleonbothsidesoftheargumentwhohaveverystrongfeelings.

Thepetloversclaimthatraisingapetbenefitsusalot.Firstofall,apetisafaithfulandobedientcompaniontoitsowner.Petsareaffectionateandcute.Secondly,theypossesstheinbornabilitytoentertainpeople,providingarichsourceofpleasureandfun.Theyhelppeopleridtheirlonelinessandeasethetenselifepressure.Moreover,keepingapetdoesgoodtochildr5en’spsychologicaldevelopment,becauseitteacheschildrenhowtocareforothersandhowtoappreciatelifewhilehelpingthemtocultivateastrongsenseofresponsibility.Petsalsohavesomepracticaluses.Theycanbealoyalcompanion,adoorkeeperoraguidedog.Insomespecialcases,petsevenactastheprotectorandsavioroftheowner.Inaword,therearemanyadvantagestokeepingapetathome.

Ontheotherhand,therearealsomanyopponentswhostronglycondemnthishobby.Fromtheirpointofview,petsbringfarmoreharmthangoodtouscitydwellers.Tobeginwithitisacostlyandtime-consuminghobby.Youhavetoaccommodatethem,careforthemandspendtimewiththem.Howcanabustlingcitypersonaffordthat?

Moreover,itisverydirty.Theylittereverywhereandmaycarrysomefatalviruses,whicharegreatthreatstohumanhealth.