北京市中考英语真题含详解.docx

北京市中考英语真题含详解.docx

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北京市中考英语真题含详解

2021年北京市中考英语真题含详解

姓名：

__________班级：

__________考号：

__________

一、阅读理解（共4题）

1、YoungHeroesforthePlanet

Nowadays,peoplearoundtheworldareworkingtohelpourplanet.Checkouthowthefouryoungadultsmadeadifference.

SavingPandas

WhenJackwas11,hestartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas.Healsosoldtoypandastoraisemoneytoprotectpandasindanger.“Ihopetoencouragemorepeopletocareaboutpandas,”Jacksays.

GrowingRight

Kathy,14,setupanorganizationtoeducatepeopleaboutgrowingrightplantinrightplaces.Shealsowroteabooktohelppeoplelearnwhatplantsarenativeto（本土的）theirarea.

CreatingEnergy

Attheageof12,LindainventedamachinecalledSuperE.Itcollectsheatfromfieldstomakeelectricity（电）,Lindasaysherinventioncreateselectricityinawaythatislessharmfultotheenvironment.

CleaningUp

Patrick,13,joinedtheOceanHeroesCamplastyear.Hestartedaprojectandpickedupplasticwastearoundnearbylakeswithhisfriends.Thegoaloftheprojectwastofightplasticpollution.

1．Whostartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas?

A．Jack.B．Kathy.C．Linda.D．Patrick.

2．HowoldwasLindawhensheinventedSuperE?

A．11.B．12.C．13.D．14.

3．WhatwasthegoalofPatrick’sproject?

A．Tofightplasticpollution.B．Toprotectpandasindanger

C．Tolearnaboutnativeplants.D．Touseheattomakeelectricity.

2、WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,myclasswasassigned（指派）tobefriendswiththesecond-gradekids.IgotthislittlegirlnamedShelley.ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentandcold. Shewassmallforherage,andshedidn’tplaywiththeotherkidsinherclass.

Itriedallkindsofthingstogethertotalktome.Iboughthertoys,crayonsandcandies.ButtryasImight,nothingworked.Onetime,Igaveheracoloringbookandsaid,“Shelley,nowyoucancoloratanytime.”

Shelleylookedatthecoloringbookandthenlookedupatme,andfinallylookedaway.Bythat,Ididn’tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn’tgiveuponher.

OneFriday,Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmychildhood.ItoldherthatIfeltlonelywhenIwaswithmyclassmates,andhowIthoughtonlymyteacherslikedme.Ialsotoldherthateverydaywasabattle（战役）formeandIfoughtbacktearssopeoplewouldn’tknowhowmuchIwashurting.

Shesattherejustlistening,tryingtodecidewhetherIwaslyingornot.Finally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.Andthenshedidtheunthinkable.Shesaid,“Thankyou.”Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids.

Lookingbackatthis,I’minawe（惊叹）,becauseallIdidwastohelpherrealizethatshewasn’talone.Ididn’taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismystory.

1．WhatwasShelleylikewhenthewriterfirstsawher?

A．Cold.B．Lazy.C．Noisy.D．Slow.

2．InordertogetthroughtoShelley,thewriter________.

A．wroteherabookB．madeheratoyC．drewherapictureD．toldherastory

3．Shelleychangedalotbecausesherealizedthat________.

A．herteacherslovedherB．herclassmateswerekind

C．thewriterunderstoodherD．shehadtostudyevenharder

3、

SchoolGardensCouldHelpChildrenTryMoreVegetables

It’snotalwaysenjoyableforchildrentoeatvegetables.Butwhatifagardenisbuiltintheschool?

Newresearchsuggeststhatagardeningprograminschoolscanincreasechildren’svegetableintake（摄入量）.

HowtheStudyWasCarriedOut

Thestudywascarriedoutineightschools.Eachschoolwasinthegardeningprogramforoneschoolyear.Everychildingrades3-5receivedatotalofeighteen60-minutelessonsacrosstheschoolyear.Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrowtheirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables.

TheBenefitsChildrenCouldGet

Thestudyfoundthatvegetableintakeifthechildrenwhogrewtheirownproduceincreasedgreatlyacrosstheyear.Relatedstudiesshowthatincreasedvegetableintakecanimprovehealthandcuttheriskofchronicdiseases（慢性疾病）.Notonlyaretherebenefitstohealth,increasingthevarietyofvegetableschildrenareexposed（接触）tomayalsomakemealtimesmucheasier.”Childrenwhoareoftenexposedtoavarietyofvegetablesaremorelikelytotrynewfoods,”explainsDr.KerryJones.Forchildren,growingtheirownfoodisapowerfultooltoincreasetheirintakeofthefood.

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Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful.“Ifchildrenarelearningaboutvegetablesatschool,it’simportanttoencouragethisinterest,”saysJones.Parentscanlistentotheirchildrenaboutwhattheyhavelearnedandreadthehandoutstheybringhomefromschool.Parentsandchildrencanalsoreadbookstogether. Youngerchildrencanenjoyreadingstoriesaboutvegetableswithparentswhoofferusefulmessages.Olderchildrenmayenjoysearchingthroughcookbookswithparentstofindnewdinnerideastocookvegetablesinatastyway.Besides,asmallplanterboxinasunnypartathomecanencouragechildrentounderstandmoreaboutwheretheirfoodcomesfrom.

Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincreasetheirpreferencefortheproduce.Ifchildrenaretaughttoenjoyvegetablesearlyinlife,theywillprobablycontinueeatingvegetablesinthelongterm.

1．Whatdidchildrendointhegardeningprogram?

A．Theydidresearchonnewplants.B．Theygrewfreshproduceatschool.

C．TheytookhomegreenvegetablesD．Theybuiltgardensfortheirclasses.

2．WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebestheadingforParagaph4?

A．IdeastoEncourageChildrentoCookatHome

B．WaystoExposeChildrentoVegetablesatHome

C．ReasonsWhyParentsShouldUnderstandChildren

D．SuggestionsWhichChildrenCouldGetfromParents

3．Whatcanwelearnfromtheprogram?

A．Parents’supportmightimprovechildren’sreading.

B．Schoolprogramscoulddevelopstudents’creativity.

C．Doingstudiescanpreparestudentsforfuturelearning.

D．Hands-onexperiencemayinfluencechildren’spreference.

4、

Natureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideas.Whatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhumanactivitiesandontheotherhand,culturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnature.However,thisisnottheonlyopinionontherelationshipbetweennatureandculture.Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies（物种）.

Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle（斗争）againsthumannature.Wearebornwithwildnatures,suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt（适应）,progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.

Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting（打猎）.Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentofweapons（武器）isrelatedtothatadaptation-fromrocksandstonestoasetofhuntingtools,andfromhuntingtoolstorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweapons.Huntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture.Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.

Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood. Justassnailscarrytheirshells,sodowebringalongourculture. However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimeoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations. WecanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwewerebornfromRussianparentsinParisjustaswecanlearnhowtospeakEnglishevenifnoneofourfamilyorfriendsspeakthatlanguage.

1．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A．Culturebelongstohumannature.

B．Natureteacheshumanshowtoadapt.

C．Humansaresupposedtobewellorganized.

D．Educationpushesthehumanspeciestoprogress.

2．WhydoesthewritertalkabouthuntinginParagraph3?

A．Tosuggestsomepossiblewaysofchanginglivinghabits.

B．Tostresstheimportanceoftoolsinhumans’struggleforlife.

C．Toshowhowculturedevelopsashumansadapttotheenvironment.

D．Toexplainwhythereisaneedtocallfortheproperuseofweapons.

3．Theword“transmission”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”.

A．systemB．spreadC．startD．spirit

4．Whatisthewriter’sopiniononthenature-culturerelationship?

A．Cultureandnatureareseparateyetbalanced.

B．Culturedependsmuchonnaturetoprogress.

C．Natureandculturearedifferentbutconnected.

D．Naturefollowstheunwrittenrulessetbyculture.

二、完型填空（共1题）

1、

ThePictureofPeace

WhenMikewasseven,heknewhisdreamwastobeaphotographer. Hekeptworkingonitforyears.Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofasunset（日落）toentertheschool1competition.

“Mom,ithasbeencloudythesedays. Idon’tthinkIcangetthispicture!

”Mikecomplained.

“Whynotuseoneofyourphotosonthecomputer?

”suggestedMom.

“Ican’t—therulessaythephotoshavetobetakenwithatraditionalcamera.Wehandinarollo