S12英语4教师虚拟用于if从句中王颖分析.docx
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S12英语4教师虚拟用于if从句中王颖分析
Overview
教案撰稿人
老师
完稿时间
2016.06
审核人
长宁校区英语备课组
审核时间
2016.06
课程进度
第次课
课程标题
虚拟用于条件从句
学生对象：
高二升高三
虚拟用于条件从句
Review
I.Makethebestchoice.BCBADCBDCDADCABA
1.Theenvironmentinmajorcitiesinourcountryhasbeenimproved____someextentinthelastdecade.
A.byB.toC.inD.with
2.TheconstructionoftheChineserailwaysystemshasbeendevelopingatgreatspeed,____aticketforhome-goingremainsdifficulttogetduringtheSpringFestival.
A.howeverB.andC.butD.so
3.Pleaseputtheselaptopsontheshelfby____.Don’tmixthemwithothers.
A.ourselvesB.themselvesC.itselfD.oneself
4.MyfriendhasreturnedfromtheUK.She____atOxfordforfouryears,duringwhichwecommunicatedwitheachotherontheInternet.
A.studiedB.hasstudied
C.hadstudiedD.hasbeenstudying
5.We____estimatethespiritoftheShanghaiExpotoomuch,whichissuretoplayanimportantroleinourdailylife.
A.maynotB.shouldnotC.mustnotD.cannot
6.____inthefrontrowattheceremony,ourdistinguishedguestsarefromhomeandabroad.
A.SeatingB.BeingseatedC.SeatedD.Toseat
7.ItwasreportedthatLinDan____goldmedalsinavarietyofbadmintoncompetitionsintheworld.
A.hasbeenawardedB.hadbeenawarded
C.wasbeingawardedD.wouldbeawarded
8.Thefolksweredelightedatthemessageoftheirrelatives____thatmineexplosion.
A.survivedB.tosurvive
C.weresurvivingD.havingsurvived
9.Ireceivedacallfromthepoliceatmidnightyesterday._____thathehadbeenbadlyinjuredinacaraccident.
A.ThendidIlearnB.OnlythenIlearned
C.OnlythendidIlearnD.OnlythenlearnedI
10.Somelocalofficialsarenotyetawareofthenecessityoftheenvironmentalprotection____they’vebeeneducatedtimeandagain.
A.onconditionthatB.sothat
C.asthoughD.eventhough
11.Whenlearninghewasadmittedtoakeycollege,____.
A.heburstintotearsB.tearscametohiseyes
C.hecanhardlykeepbackhistearsD.andhisparentswerewildwithjoy
12.Howmanyofus_____,say,ameetingthatisirrelevanttouswouldbeinterestedinthediscussion?
A.attendedB.attendC.toattendD.attending
13.Don’tyouthinkcitizensareincreasinglyconcernedabout____nextseason?
A.willtheestatepriceskeeprising
B.iftheestatepriceswillkeeprising
C.whethertheestatepriceswillkeeprising
D.howmuchwilltheestatepriceskeeprising
14.TheChinaPavilion,____,"TheCrownoftheEast,"hasauniqueroof,isoneofthemostimportantstylefeaturesintraditionalChinesearchitecture.
A.whosestructureB.whichstructure
C.structureofwhichD.ofwhichstructure
15.ThepredictionfromMayaworriesinhabitants____December21,2012wouldbetheendoftheworld.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which
16.—Willtheplan____thelibrariesnationallybecarriedoutinthecomingyear?
—Italldepends,Isuppose.
A.topromoteB.promoteC.promotingD.thatpromote
Presentation虚拟用于if从句中
Ø语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。
英语动词有陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
1.陈述语气
叙述事实或者可能发生的事情时，人们所使用的语气就是陈述语气。
IwanttotravelinspacelikeYangLiwei.我想象杨力伟那样去太空旅行。
2.祈使语气
人们用来表示命令、要求、请求、邀请、劝告或建议时所使用的语气就是祈使语气。
OpenyourbooksatP.126.翻开书126页。
3.虚拟语气
表示所说的话不是事实，而只是一种愿望、猜测、假设、建议，并且这种愿望、建议等
实现的可能性很少或根本不能实现时，所使用的语气就是虚拟语气。
Iftherewerenoairandwater,weshouldnotbeabletoliveontheearth.
Ø虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法
Ifhehadenoughmoney,hewouldbuyanewcar.
Ifyouhadcomefiveminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.
Ifheshouldtryitagain,hewouldsucceedinbeingemployed.
假设类型
条件从句谓语
动词形式
主语谓语
动词形式
与现在事实相反
动词的过去式（be一律用were）
should/would/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反
had+过去分词
should/would/could
/might+have+过去分词
与将来事实相反
1.should+动词原形
2.动词过去式
3.wereto+动词原形
should/would/could/might+动词原形
注：
If的省略
当从句中有were,had,should,would等放在主语前可构成疑问句的词时，可省略if，用倒装形式。
Ifshehadmoretime,shewouldfinishtheworkontime.
Ifhehadarrivedthereearlier,hewouldhaveseenhim.
Ifheshouldhavetimetomorrow,hewouldcometovisityou.
IfIwereinschoolagain,Iwouldworkharder.
Hadshemoretime,shewouldfinishtheworkontime.
Hadhearrivedthereearlier,hewouldhaveseenhim.
Shouldhehavetimetomorrow,hewouldcometovisityou.
WereIinschoolagain,Iwouldworkharder.
Ø错综时间条件句
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为做发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
Iftheweatherhadbeenmuchnicer,thecropswouldbegrowingbetternow.
（从句与过去相反，主句与现在相反）
Ifyouhadn’ttoldmeaboutit,Iwouldgotomorrow.（从句与过去相反，主句与将来相反）
Ifheshouldcomethisafternoon,askhimtowait.（从句与将来相反，主句用祈使句）
Ifhewerecarefulenough,hewouldnothavemadesomanymistakes.（从句与现在相反，主句与过去相反）
If条件句
主句
表过去（用过去完成时）
表现在（用过去将来时）
表现在（用过去时）
表过去（用将来完成时）
Ø虚拟条件句中可含有陈述语气的从句
Ifitwerenotforthatthefactthatyouareill,Iwouldaskyoutodothisrightnow.
（虚拟现在式，陈述语气用现在时）
IfIhadbeeninformedthathewasnotin,Iwouldnothavecalledonhim.
（虚拟过去式，陈述语气用过去时）
Ø含蓄条件句
有时，虚拟可以不出现if条件句，而是利用介词短语、分词短语、不定式、或连词通过上下文表现出来。
这时，须根据句子的含义来判定是用虚拟现在式还是虚拟过去式。
------Without,with,under引导的介词短语
Withyourhelp,Icouldhavefinishedthetasksoquickly.
（介词短语表过去，句子用虚拟过去式）
Withoutwater,thefishwouldbedead.
（介词短语表现在，句子用虚拟现在式）
Inthatcasewecouldhavesucceeded.
（介词短语表过去，句子用虚拟过去式）
------分词短语
Borninhardertimes,youwouldhaveachievednothing.
（分词短语表过去，句子用虚拟过去式）
Thesametask,doneinthisway,wouldbefinishedsooner.
（介词短语表现在，句子用虚拟现在式）
-------不定式短语
TohearherspeakFrench,onewouldtakehimforaFrenchman.
（不定式的一般式指现在，句子用虚拟现在式）
Tohaveworkedmorecarefully,youwouldhavedonethetaskbetter.
（不定式的完成式指过去，句子用虚拟过去式）
------连词but,butthat,or或otherwise
主句（虚拟语气）+but+从句（陈述语气）
butthat（若不是）
主句（虚拟语气）+or（否则）+从句（虚拟语气）
Otherwise（否则）
Itwouldbeafailurenottopasstheexam,butIreallydon’thavetimetoprepare.
Iwasnotathome;otherwiseIwouldhaveletyouin.
IshouldhavefinishedthecleaningbutthatIansweredaphoneforhalfanhour.
Heswimseveryday,orhewouldbefatter.
Ø虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。
Mayyouhaveagoodtime.
Godblessyou!
句子有时可以省略虚拟条件句，因此其时态与虚拟条件句中的主句谓语的时态一致。
Anoldmancoulddothat.（用虚拟现在式，指现在）
Awell-behavedchildwouldnothavesaidsuchathing.（用虚拟过去式，指过去）
Ø用于固定表达
用于短语：
Sobeit那就这样吧；bethatasitmay无论如何；ifneedbe如有必要
用于特殊结构：
Be+主语+everso形容词，意为“无论怎样…”
Beamaneversolearned,heoughtnottobeproud.
Betheraineversoheavy,Iwillgotherethisevening.
Beherichorpoor,she’llmarryhimallthesame.
FocusedPractice
I.Makethebestchoice.1-5CBABA6-10DACAB11-15CCCAD16-20CDACA
1.Wedemandedthatwe__________ofanychangeintheplan.
A.informed B.wouldbeinformed C.beinformed D.hadbeeninformed
2.It’snecessarythathe_________arecognizedqualification.
A.has B.have C.had D.having
3.It'shightimewe____________ourattentiontothisproblem.
A.turned B.turn C.hadturned D.wouldturn
4.Ifonlyyou__________himwhatIsaid!
Everythingwouldhavebeenallright.
A.didn'ttold B.hadn'ttold C.wouldnottell D.wouldhavenottold
5.Hemusthavehadanaccident,orhe____________herethen.
A.wouldhavebeen B.hadbeenC.shouldhavebeen D.couldbe
6.Muchlabourwouldhavebeensavediftheelectroniccomputers_____________before.
A.hadinvented B.wereinvented
C.shouldhavebeeninvented D.hadbeeninvented
7._____________ceaseadvertising,priceswouldbesignificantlyreduced.
A.Weretheyto B.Couldthey C.Ifthey D.Wouldthey
8.Fiveminutesearlier,andwe____________thelastbus.
A.hadcaught B.shouldhavecaught C.couldhavecaught D.caught
9.You____________theclothes!
Wehaveawasherwomantodothatsortofthing.
A.shouldn'thavewashed B.mustn'thavewashed
C.cannothavewashed D.needn'thavewashed
10.Jeandoesn'twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe_________ajobsheprobablywouldn'tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.
A.hastoget B.weretoget C.hadgot D.couldhavegot
11.Themadmanwasputinthesoft-paddedcelllesthe_____________himself.
A.injure B.hadinjured C.injured D.wouldinjure
12.Itispolitelyrequestedbythehotelmanagementthatradios__________after11o'clockatnight.
A.werenotplayed B.nottoplayC.notbeplayed D.didnotplay
13.Youdon'thavetobeinsuchahurry.Iwouldratheryou_________onbusinessfirst.
A.wouldgo B.willgo C.went D.havegone
14.Itisimportantthatenoughmoney___________tofundtheproject.
A.becollected B.mustbecollected C.wascollected D.canbecollected
15.Ifonlythecommittee__________theregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.
A.approve B.willapprove C.canapprove D.wouldapprove
16.Idon'tthinkitadvisablethatTom________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.
A.isassigned B.willbeassigned C.beassigned D.hasbeenassigned
17.You_________herinherofficelastFriday;she'sbeenoutoftownfortwoweeks.
A.needn'thaveseen B.musthaveseen C.mighthaveseen D.can'thaveseen
18.Wedidn'tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewe_________him.
A.wouldhavetelephoned B.musthavetelep
升级会员 