2精读paraphrase.docx
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2精读paraphrase
Unit1(28)共九十三个。
1…IwasfreshoutofgraduateschoolstartingmyfirstsemesterattheUniversityofKansasCity.(Para.1)
P:
…IhadjustcompletedmygraduatestudiesandbeganteachingattheUniversityofKansasCity
2,NewasIwastothefaculty,Icouldhavetoldthisspecimenanumberofthings.
P:
ThoughIwasanewteachen,IknewIcouldtellhimwhatauniversitywasfor,butIcouldn’t.
3Icouldhavepointedoutthathehadenrolled,notinadrugstore-mechanicsschool,butinacollegeandthatatehendofhiscoursemeanttoreachforascrollthatreadBachelorofScience
P:
IcouldhavetoldhimthathewasnownotgettingtrainingforajobinatechnicalschoolbutdoingaB.S.atauniversity.
4Itwouldcertifythathehadspecializedinpharmacy,butitwouldfurthercertifythathehadbeenexposedtosomeoftheideasmankindhasgeneratedwithinitshistory.
P:
TheB.S.certificatewouldbeanofficialproofthattheholderhadspecialknowledgeofpharmacy,butitwouldalsobeaproofthathe/shehadlearned/absorbedsomeprofoundideasofthepast
5.Icouldhavetoldhimallthis,butitwasfairlyobvioushewasn’tgoingtobearoundlongenoughforittomatter.
P:
Ididn’tactuallysayallthistohim,becauseIdidn’tthinkhewouldstayatcollegeverylong,soitwouldn’tbeimportantwhetherornotheknewwhatuniversityeducationwasfor
6.Nevertheless,IwasyoungandIhadahighsenseofdutyandItriedtoputitthisway
P:
Insteadoftellinghimtheimportanceofanall-aroundeducation,Itriedtoconvincehimfromaverypracticalpointofview
7..Youwillseetoitthatthecyanidestaysoutoftheaspirin,thatthebulldoesn’tjumpthefence,orthatyourclientdoesn’tgototheelectricchairasaresultofyourincompetence.
P:
Youhavetotakeresponsibilityfortheworkyoudo.Ifyou’reapharmacist,youshouldmakesurethataspirinisnotmixedwithpoisonouschemicals.Asanengineer,youshouldn’tgetthingsoutofcontrol.Ifyoubecomealawyer,youshouldmakesureaninnocentpersonisnotsentencedtodeathbecauseyoulackadequatelegalknowledgeandskilltodefendyourclient.
8..Alongwitheverythingelse,theywillprobablybewhatputsfoodonyourtable,supportsyourwife,andrearsyourchildren.
P:
Inadditiontoallotherthings(suchassatisfaction)theseprofessionsoffer,theyprovideyouwithalivingsothatyoucansupportafamily:
wifeandchildren.
9...Theywillbeyourincome,andmayitalwayssuffice
10..Thoseprofessionalskillswillberewardingforyourcareerandwehopethattheremayalwaysbeopportunitiesoffurtherlearning.
11..Willthechildreneverbeexposedtoareasonablypenetratingideaathome?
P:
Willyourchildreneverhearyoutalkaboutsomethingprofoundathome?
12...Willyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdemocraticintellect
P:
Willyoubeheadofafamilywhobringsupthekidsinademocraticspirit?
13Willtherebeabookinthehouse?
P:
Willyoubereadingseriousbooks(notjustpopularfiction)?
14Willtherebeapaintingareasonablysensitivemancanlookatwithoutshuddering?
P:
Whatkindofpictureswillyouputupinyourhouse?
Willyouhaveapaintinginyourhousethatshowssometasteonyourpart?
十五:
…toputyouintouchwithwhatthebesthumanmindshavethought
P:
toexposeyouto/makeyouunderstandtheideas,opinionsandthinkingofthebestphilosophers,scientists,writersandartistsinhumanhistory.
十六.IfyouhavenotimeforShakespeare,forabasiclookatphilosophy,forthecontinuityofthefinearts,forthatlessonofman’sdevelopmentwecallhistory—thenyouhavenobusinessbeingincollege.
Paraphrase:
Ifyoudon’twanttoimproveyourmindandbroadenyourhorizonbystudyingalittleliterature,philosophyandthefineartsandhistory,youshouldn’tbestudyinghereatcollege
17.Youareonyourwaytobeingthatnewspeciesofmechanizedsavage,thepush-buttonNeanderthal.
Paraphrase:
Youwillsoonbecomeanuneducated,ignorantpersonwhocanonlyworkmachinesandoperatemechanicalequipment
18:
Ourcollegesinevitablygraduateanumberofsuchlifeforms,butitcannotbesaidthattheywenttocollege;ratherthecollegewentthroughthem—withoutmakingcontact.
Paraphrase:
Anumberofsuchpush-buttonsavagesgetcollegedegrees.Wecannothelpthat.Butevenwiththeirdegrees,wecan’tsaythatthesepeoplehavereceivedapropercollegeeducation.Itismoreaccuratetosaythattheycomethroughcollegewithoutlearninganything.
19:
Noonegetstobeahumanbeingunaided.
Paraphrase:
Noonecangrowuptobeacivilizedpersonwithoutthehelpofothers.
20:
Thereisnottimeenoughinasinglelifetimetoinventforoneselfeverythingoneneedstoknowinordertobeacivilizedhuman.
Paraphrase:
Tobecomeacivilizedperson,youneedtoacquiretheknowledgeanddevelopthecultureacivilizedsocietyneeds.Onelifetimeistooshorttocreateanenvironmentforhimtobecomecivilized.
21:
Youknowmorebecausetheyleftyouwhattheyknew,becauseyoucanstartfromwhatthepastlearnedforyou.
P:
Allhumanknowledgehasbeenaccumulatedbypeoplelivinginthepastandhasbeenpassedontous.Youlearnallthisbeforeyoudoanyoriginalresearch,oranyresearchofyourown.
22:
Asthisistrueofthetechniquesofmankind,soitistrueofmankind’sspiritualresources
P:
Thisisthewaywelearnanddevelopthetechniquesofmankind.Thisisalsohowweinheritandadvancemankind’sspiritualresources.
23:
Foragreatbookisnecessarilyagift;itoffersyoualifeyouhavenotthetimetoliveyourself,andittakesyouintoaworldyouhavenotthetimetotravelinliteraltime.
P:
Becauseagreatbookissomethinggiventoustoenrichourlives.Itpresentstoyouakindoflifeyoudon’thaveachancetoexperienceyourself,anditdescribesforyouplacesyoudon’thavetimeactuallytovisit.
24:
Acivilizedmindis,inessence,onethatcontainsmanysuchlivesandmanysuchworlds
P:
Basically,aculturedandeducatedpersonshouldknowaboutsuchgreatvarietyoflivesandworlds
2五:
Ifyouaretoomuchinahurry,ortooarrogantlyproudofyourownlimitations,toacceptasagifttoyourhumanitysomepiecesofthemindsofAristotle,orChaucer,orEinstein,youareneitheradevelopedhumannorausefulcitizenofademocracy.(Para.12)
P:
Ifyouaretooanxioustomakemoney,tooignoranttoseeyourlimitations,thenyoucouldn’tregardthosegreatpeople’smindsasagifttoyourhumanity,andthusyoucan’tbeadevelopedhuman。
2六:
Hemighthavesaidthatnoonewouldevermanagetobecomehumaniftheyhadn’treadaboutit
P:
Hemighthaveaddedthatapersonwouldn’tdeservetobecalledahumanbeingiftheyhadn’treadaboutit.
27:
Auniversityhasnorealexistenceandnorealpurposeexceptasitsucceedsinputtingyouintouch,bothasspecialistsandashumans,withthosehumanmindsyourhumanmindneedstoinclude.
P:
Nomatterwhoyouare,aspecialistoracommonperson,iftheuniversitycannotmakeyoumaintaincontactwiththebestcivilizationofthehistorythatyoushouldknowitcannotbecalleduniversity,andhasnoreasontoexist.
28:
Thefaculty,byitsveryexistence,saysimplicitly:
“Wehavebeenaidedbymanypeople,andbymanybooks,inourattempttomakeourselvessomesortofstorehouseofhumanexperience.”(Para.14)
Paraphrasing:
Theexistenceofthefacultyoftheliteralartscollegeitselfsaysclearly:
‘Inourefforttomakeoutfacultyaplacewhereourstudentscanexperiencevarietyoflifetheydonothavetimetolivethemselves,wegetalotofhelpfrommanypeopleandbooks,presentandpast.
Unit3(13)
1,Androotcropsespeciallyarehardtotellapart,whenstore-bought,fromourown.
P:
Itisreallyhardtorecognizethedifferenceofrootcropswebuyfromstoresandthosewegrow.
2,Asitis,though,IcannotdenythatwhenAprilcomesIfindmyselfgoingouttoleanonthefenceandlookatthatmiserableplotofland,resolvingwithallmyrationalpowersnottoplantitagain.
P:
However,inreality,IhavetoadmitthatwhenAprilcomesIleanedonthefenceandlookatthispatchpainfullyandreasonablymadeupmymindnottogardenanymore.
3,Butinevitablyamorningarriveswhen,justasIamawakening,ascentwaftsthroughthewindow,somethinglikeearth-as-air,ascentthatseemstocomeupfromtheverycenterofthisplanet.
P:
ButinevitablyjustasIamwakingupinamorning,apleasantsmellfloatsupandpourinthoughthewindow.Itsmellslikeearthanditseemstorisefrominsidetheearth.
4,…thewormsaredeliciouslywormingtheirwaythroughthemeltingsoil.
P:
Thebirdsstarttocryreallyloudly.Wearethinkingthesamething:
thesoilisbecomingsoftandthedeliciouswormsaremovingacrossthesoil.
6.Butblackplasticlookssoindustrial,sounromantic,thatIhavegraduallymovedovertohaymulch.(Para4)
Paraphrase:
Butblackplasticlookssounnatural(becauseitismadeinfactories)anduglythatIhavegraduallyshiftedtohaymulch.
7.Keepingagardenmakesyouawareofhowdelicate,bountiful,andeasilyruinedthesurfaceofthislittleplanetis.
Paraphrase:
Ifyoukeepagarden,itwillhelpyourealizehowgenerousthelandoftheearthistousandhoweasilydamageditis.
9.Isupposeifyouloadedthesoilwithchemicalfertilizerthesedifferenceswouldbelessnoticeable,butIuseitsparinglyandonlyinrowsrightwhereseedsareplantedratherthanbroadcastoverthewholearea.(Para5)
Paraphrase:
Isupposeifyouusealargequantityofchemicalfertilizeronthesoil,thesedifferenceswouldnotbesoobvious(wouldbec