三峡大学791综合英语.docx
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三峡大学791综合英语
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三峡大学
2012年研究生入学考试试题(A卷)
考试科目代码:
791科目名称:
综合英语
总分值:
150分考试时间:
3小时
(考生必须将答案写在答题纸上)
Ⅰ.ChoosetherightonefromA.B.C.Dforeachblank:
(20分)
请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。
标明题号!
1.Useouronlinecalculatorandyouwillfindoutwhatyourweightedaverageinterestratewouldbeifyou____withus.
A.consolidateB.constitute
C.constructD.consume
2.Iwillnotleaveyou____;Iwillcometoyou.
A.desirableB.desolate
C.desperateD.destructive
3.Hawaiibeginsfirstprogramto____avianfluatairport.
A.detainB.detect
C.determineD.develop
4.Hereagainisacasethatseemstometoillustratethesuicidal____ofthebusinesscommunity.
A.incenseB.incline
C.includeD.impulse
5.Andprofessionalstaffmustbewillingtoworkhard____volunteersinthedecisionmakingprocess.
A.invadeB.intrude
C.investigateD.involve
6.Everymanandwomanshouldvoteforthecandidateof____choice.
A.hisB.one’s
C.itsD.their
7.Afool____awisemancounsel.
A.cangiveB.maygive
C.canbeD.maybe
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8.Liquidarelikesolids____theyhaveadefinitevolume.
A.inthatB.forthat
C.withthatD.atthat
9.Idon’tknowhowwe’llbeabletodowithoutyou.Noonecanfillyour____.
A.roleB.work
C.shoesD.job
10.Mybosspromisedmethe_____butonlypaidtheminimumwage.
A.benefitB.check
C.moonD.sun
11.Harriet,fullofcourage,feltthebattlewas____.
A.athandB.onhand
C.inhandD.byhand
12.Steamenginesstillserveuswell____.
A.atlargeB.atease
C.atseaD.atliberty
13.Eightpeopleare_____inconnectionwiththeillegalonlinereleaseofthefinalStarWarsfilm.
A.blamedB.charged
C.condemnedD.accused
14.The____wagerateisdefinedastheaveragewagepaidtoemployedworkers.
A.prevailingB.preceding
C.proceedingD.prescribing
15.Theirabsurd“protection”hasbeenstrongly____byChinesepeople.
A.vetoedB.rejected
C.deniedD.refused
16.Thousandsof_______atthestadiumcametotheirfeettopaytributetoanoutstandingperformance.
A.audienceB.participants
C.spectatorsD.observers
17.Agooddoctorknowsthatknowledgeaboutmedicinewillcontinuetochangeandthat,therefore,formalprofessionaltrainingcanneverbean____guidetogoodpractice.
A.adaptableB.absolute
C.invaluableD.obsolescent
18.Cynicsbelievethatpeoplewho_____complimentsdosoinordertobepraisedtwice.
A.baskinB.giveout
C.despairofD.shrugoff
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19.Thecommissionscriticizedthelegislatureformakingcollegeattendancedependentontheabilitytopay,chargingthat,asaresult,hundredsofqualifiedyoungpeoplewouldbe_____furthereducation.
A.entitledtoB.strivingfor
C.deprivedofD.uninterestedin
20.Thebreathingspellprovidedbythe____armsshipmentsshouldgiveallthecombatantsachancetoreevaluatetheirpositions.
A.moratoriumonB.reciprocationof
C.concentrationonD.developmentof
Ⅱ.Choosetherightwordfromthelistgivenbelowforeachblank:
(10分)
请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。
标明题号!
relationshipsintroducedeconomicallydiffersupervenient
physicallyglobalincludementalhavehandleproperties
Supervenience(随附性)hastraditionallybeenusedtodescribe
(1)_____betweensetsofpropertiesinamannerwhichdoesnotimplyastrongreductiverelationship.Forexample,manyholdthateconomicpropertiessuperveneonphysicalproperties,inthatiftwoworldswereexactlythesamephysically,theywouldalsobethesame
(2)_______.Therearealsoseveralkindsofglobalsuperveniencerelations,whichwere(3)_______tohandlecasesinwhichworldsarethesameatthebaselevelandalsoatthe(4)_____level,butwherethewaysthepropertiesareconnectedanddistributedintheworlds(5)______.Forexample,itisconsistentwith(6)______mental–physicalsupervenienceonthesimpleformulationdescribedabovefortwoworldsto(7)_____thesamenumberofpeopleinthesamephysicalstates,butforthe(8)mentalstatestobedistributedoverthosepeopleindifferentways.To(9)_____this,property-preservingisomorphismsareused,andoncethisisdone,severalvarietiesofglobalsuperveniencecanbedefined.Othervarietiesofsupervenience(10)______multiple-domainssupervenienceandsimilarity-basedsupervenience.
Ⅲ.Readthefollowingtextscarefullyandthenmakeacorrectchoicetoanswerthequestionsaftereachtext:
(40分)
请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。
标明题号!
TEXTA
TheInternethascomealongwayfromitsoriginsasaresearchnetwork.Today,usersroutinelylistentoradiobroadcastacrossthenet,downloadshortvideosfrom
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theWorldWideWebandaccessinformationfromthousandsofgovernmentandprivatedatabases.ButthefortuitoussuccessandgrowthoftheInternethasseverelystrainedthefunctionallimitsoftheInternetprotocolaswellastheunderlyingrouternetworks.Ofevengreaterconcernarethenewapplicationsintheoffingwhichrequirefarmorefacilitiesthanthenetworknowprovides.Internetcommerce,gigabytefiletransfer,livevideotransmission,securedemail/dataandvoice/videoconferencingarejustafewoftheapplicationsthatInternetserviceprovidersarecomingoutwith,thesmorgasbordpromisestochokeanalreadyoverloadednetwork.SimplyaddingbandwidthtotheInternetbackbonesisnotananswer.Itwillonlyraisethecostofadmissionforeveryone.
Fortunately,thereisawaytoclearuptheInternetcurrentbandwidthbottleneckwhileprovidingarichplatformfortomorrow'sservices.ThesolutionisATM.ToseehowATMcanfacilitatetheevolutionoftheInternet,wewilllookatthechallengestheInternetcurrentlyfacesandconsiderhowATMcanplayaroleinovercomingthem.
BeforeusersstartconductingbusinessontheInternetandsendingmissioncriticaldataacrossit,thenetwork'sreliabilitywillhavetomatchthatoftelephonecircuits.Thecurrentbesteffortapproachyieldsanenvironmentwhichistoounstableformissioncriticaldata.RandomcongestiononrouterbackbonescancauseIPpacketdiscardswheneverthevolumeoftrafficexceedsthebandwidthcapacity---phenomenonexpertsfacetiouslyrefertoas"pumpandpraynetworking".
TheabilityofATMnetworkstoseparatemissioncriticaltrafficfromInternetnoiseviavirtualcircuitsisthefirststepinidentifyingnon-discardabletrafficasittransitsthenetwork.ThesecondstepisusingATM'sAvailableBitrateserviceclass--asysteminwhichnetworkswitchescontinuouslyupdateendstationsontheavailablenetworkbandwidth.ABRtherebyallowsenddevicestomaximizetheusageofnetworkresourceswithouttheriskofcongestion.BusinessusersoftheInternetareassuredsafepassageoftheirdata.Becausethesevirtualcircuitsareabletomatchthereliabilityofleasedlines,serviceprovidersareabletochargeapremiumforsuchfacilities,whilekeepingregularaccessinexpensive.
Questions1---5
1.Whatisthe"thelongway"thattheInternethascome?
A.TheaccidentalsuccessoftheInternet.
B.ThelargequantityofinformationprovidedbytheInternet.
C.ThegrowthoftheInternetfunction.
D.Thedownloadingofshortvideos.
2."Smorgasbord"in"thesmorgasbordpromisestochokeanalreadyoverloadednetwork"
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Means_______.
A.morefacilitiesB.therouternetworks
C.thefunctionallimitsD.newandvariousapplications
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.AddingbandwidthtotheInternetisasolutionwhichwillcostmore.
B.TherichplatformprovidedbyATMisakindofhardware.
C.ATMmakesthedevelopmentoftheInterneteasier.
D.ThenetworkisoverloadedbecauseofthegrowthoftheInternetapplications.
4.Thetoneoftheauthoris________whenreferringtothephrase"pumpandpraynetworking".
A.humorousB.skepticalC.criticalD.satirical
5.Attheendofthearticle,theauthorseemstosuggestthat_______.
A.ATMwillnotbenefitthebusinessuserssincetheservicewillbecharged
B.theleasedlinesaremorereliablethanthevirtualcircuits
C.ATMwillbewidelyappliedforitsreliabilityandinexpensiveness
D.therearetwostepsinfixingthenon-discardabletraffic
TEXTB
Moderatedrinkingreducesstrokerisk,studyconfirms.Similartothewayadrinkortwoadayprotectsagainstheartattacks,moderatealcoholconsumptionswardsoffstrokes,anewstudyfound.
Thestudyalsofoundthatthetypesofalcoholconsume---beer,wineorliquor—wasunimportant.Anyofthem,oracombination,wasprotective,researchersreportedintoday'sJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation."Nostudyhasshownbenefitinrecommendingalcoholconsumptiontothosewhodonotdrink",cautionedtheauthors,ledbyDr.RalphL.SaccoofColumbiaUniversityCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsinNewYork.ButthenewdatasupportstheguidelinesoftheNationalStrokeAssociation,whichsaymoderatedrinkers,mayprotectthemselvesfromstrokesbycontinuingtoconsumealcohol,theauthorssaid.
Theprotectiveeffectofmoderatedrinkingagainstheartattackiswellestablished,butthedatahasbeenconflictingaboutalcoholandstrokes,theauthorsaid.ThenewstudyhelpssettlethequestionandisthefirsttofindblacksandHispanicbenefitaswellaswhites,accordingtotheauthors.Furtherresearchisneededamongothergroups,suchasAsian,whompaststudiessuggestmaygetnostrokeprotectionfromalcoholormayevenbeputatgreaterrisk.
Amonggroupswheretheprotectiveeffectexists,itsmechanismappearstodifferfromtheprotectiveeffectagainstheartattacks,whichoccursthroughboostsinlevelofso-called"good"cholesterol,theau