大英.docx

大英.docx

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大英

江西财经大学

06-07学年第二学期期末考试试卷

试卷代码：

34062A授课课时：

32

课程名称：

大学英语II适用对象：

06级本科非涉外班

试卷命题人吴春英试卷审核人张善军，张生萍

PartIReadingComprehension（skimmingandscanning）（1pointeach,10points）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestoreadthepassagesquicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswersheet.

Forquestions1-7,mark

A（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

B（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

C（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

BuildupYourVocabulary

Exactlywhatdoyoudoduringanormalday?

Howdoyouspendyourtime?

PaulT.Rankinverymuchwantedananswertothatquestion.Togetit,heaskedsixty-eightindividualstokeepanaccurate,detailedrecordofwhattheydideveryminuteoftheirwakinghours.Whenheconsolidatedhisfindings,hediscoveredthattheaverageindividualspent70percentofhiswakingtimedoingonethingonly----communication.Thatmeanteitherreading,writing,speakingorlistening.

PutthatevidencealongsideoftheresearchfindingsuncoveredbytheHumanEngineeringLaboratories.Inexploringaptitudesandcareersinvolving,amongotherthings,datafrom30,000vocabularytestsgivenyearly,theydiscoveredthatbigincomesandbigvocabulariesgotogether.Vocabulary,morethananyotherfactorsyetknown,predictsfinancialsuccess.

Anditallfits.Eachwordyouaddtoyourvocabularymakesyouabetterreader,writer,speakerandlistener.Furthermore,linguisticscientistsarequicktopointoutthatweactuallythinkwithwords.Ifthatisso,newwordsmakeusbetterthinkersaswellascommunicators.Nowondermorewordsarelikelytomeanmoremoney.Whatbetterreasonforbeginningrightnowtoextendyourvocabulary?

Takereading.Whatexactlydoyouread?

Commonsensesaysyoureadwords.Researchconfirmsthatfact.“Vocabularyincontext”contributes39percenttocomprehension.That’smorethananyotherfactorisolatedandstudied----evenmorethanintelligence.And“wordinparts”contributesmoretospeedofreadingthananyotherfactor----28percent.Inshort,youreffortstoimprovevocabularywillpayoffinbothcomprehensionandspeed.

Suppose,asyou’rereadingalong,youcomeacrossastrangeword“lumtebs”.Didyoufindyourselfstoppingforacloserlookat“lumtebs”?

Pardonthespellingslip.That’sactuallythewordstumble（偶然发现）.Thelettersjustgotmixedaround.Obviouslyyounowknowthatstrangewordsdoslowyoudown----orevenstopyoucompletely.Furthermore,strangewordshindercomprehension.Whichiseasiertounderstand,“eschewgarrulity”or“avoidingtalkingtoomuch”?

Whatyouneedisavital,dynamicapproachtovocabularybuilding.Hybrid（混合种）corncombinesthebestqualitiesofseveralvarietiestoensuremaximumproductivity.Ahybridapproachtovocabularyshould,inthesameway,ensuremaximumresults.That’swhyyoushouldusetheCPDformula.

ThroughContext

Whenstudentsinacollegeclasswereaskedwhatshouldbedonewhentheycameacrossanunknownwordintheirreading,84percentsaid,“Lookitupinthedictionary.”Ifyoudo,however,youshort-circuittheverymentalprocessesneededtomakeyoureffortsmostproductive.

Butthere’sanotherreason.Supposesomeoneasksyouwhatthewordfastmeans.Youanswer,“speedyorswift”.Butdoesitmeanthatinsuchcontextsas“fastcolor”,“fastwoman”,or“fastfriend”?

Andifahorseisfast,isitsecurelytiedorgalloping（飞驰）attopspeed?

Itcouldbeeither.Italldepends.Onthedictionary?

No,oncontext----onhowthewordisactuallyused.Afterall,thereareovertwentydifferentmeaningsforfastinthedictionary.Butthedictionarydoesn’ttellyouwhichmeaningisintended.That’swhyitmakessuchgoodsensetobeginwithcontext.

ThroughWordParts

Nowforthenextstep.Oftenunfamiliarwordscontainoneormoreparts,which,ifrecognized,providedefinitehelpwithmeaning.Supposeyoureadthatsomeone“hadapredilectionforreadingmysteries”.Thecontextcertainlyisn’ttoohelpful.Butdoyouseeaprefix,suffixorrootthatyouknow?

Well,there’sthefamiliarprefixpre-,meaning“before”.Lookbackatthecontextandtryinserting“before”.Readingmysteriesapparentlycomes“before”somethingelse.

Ortaketheword“monolithic”.Trytoisolatetheparts.Thereistheprefixmono-,meaning“one”,andtherootlith,meaning“stone”.Finally,there’sthesuffix–ic,meaning“consistingof”.Thosethreepartsadduptothisdefinition:

“consistingofonestone”.

Tospeedupyouruseofwordparts,youwillbeintroducedtothefourteenmostimportantwordsintheEnglishlanguage.Theprefixandrootelementsinthosefewwordsarefoundinover14,000wordsofdeskdictionarysize.Withthoseamazinglyusefulshortcuts,youcanbuildvocabulary,notasnail’space,onewordatatime,butingiantstrides,uptoathousandwordsatatime.

Yoursecondstep,then,istolookforfamiliarwordparts.Iftheydonotgiveyouexactmeanings,theyshouldatleastbringyoumuchcloser.

Throughthedictionary

Nowyoucanseewhyyoushouldconsultthedictionarylast,notfirst.You’velookedcarefullyatthecontext.You’velookedforfamiliarwordparts.NowyouplaySherlockHolms----anexcitingrole.Youhypothesize.Inlightofcontextorwordparts,youtrytosolveamystery.Whatexactlydoesthatstrangewordmean?

Onlyafteryougothroughthementalgymnasticstocomeupwithatentativedefinitionshouldyouopenthedictionarytoseeifyou’reright.

Afterall,thosefirsttwostepsorapproachessparkastrongerthanusualinterestinthatdictionarydefinition.You’renowpersonallyinvolved.Didyoufigureoutthewordmeaning?

Yourheightenedinterestwillleadtoabettermemoryofbothwordandmeaning.Italsoencouragesyourdevelopmentofthehabitsneededtoaccelerateyourprogress.Andwhenyouseeinblackandwhitethedefinitionyouhadexpected,whatafeelingofaccomplishmentisyours.Inthatway,theCPDFormulaprovidestheexactdynamicinterplayofapproachesformaximumeffectiveness.

Well,thereitis,yournewformula----Context,Parts,Dictionary.Useit!

Theexercisethatfollowswillgiveyouspecific,step-by-stephelpinsharpeningyourawarenessofcontextualclues,learningthemostusefulwordparts,andusingthedictionarywithincreasedaccuracyandease.Theresultswillbelikethemoneyinthebank.

1.PaulT.Rankinfoundthattheaverageindividualspentmostofhiswakingtimeeitherreading,writing,speakingorlistening.

2.ResearchersintheHumanEngineeringLaboratoriesdiscoveredtheevidencethatbigvocabularymeansbigfinancialsuccess.

3.Readingthrough“vocabularyincontext”ismoreeffectivethanreadingthrough“wordinparts”.

4.Hybridcornisnotlikeahybridapproachtovocabularyinthathybridcorndoesn’tensuremaximumresultswhichthelatterensures.

5.Inreading,mostcollegestudentswillconsultthedictionarywhentheyencounteranewword,whichoffersgreaterhelp.

6.Often,readingthroughfamiliarwordpartsdefinitelyhelpsunderstandthemeaningofunfamiliarwordsonereads.

7.ThispassageismeanttoteachreadershowtoenlargetheirvocabulariesbymeansoftheCPDFormula.

8.Itisadvisedthatyounotconsultthedictionarybeforeyougothroughthementalgymnasticstoget____.

9.Comparedwithconsultingthedictionary,readers’heightenedinterestinusingcontextandwordpartswillleadto____ofwordandmeaning.

10.Thebenefitsofusing____willbesimilartodepositingmoneyinthebank.

PartIIReadingComprehension（readingindepth）（2pointseach,40points）

Directions:

Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestionsorstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedABCandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage

EducationintheUnitedStatesiscompulsoryforchildrenuptoabouttheageofsixteen.Mostyoungpeoplestayinschoollongerthanthat.Mostgraduatefromhighschoolattheageofseventeenoreighteen.

Almosthalfofthesehighschoolgraduatescontinuetheireducationatacollegeoruniversity.Educationformostyoungpeopleinthiscountryisfreeuptothetimetheygraduatefromhighschool.Thereareprivateschools,butmostparentssendtheirchildrentopublicschools,wherestudentsdonotpaytuition.Whenyoungpeoplegotocollege,however,theymustpaytuitionatapublicuniversityoraprivateuniversity.Universitycostsaregoingupalot.Privateuniversitieshavebecomeveryexpensivebecausethegovernmentdoesnothelptheprivateschools.

Whopays?

Theparentsofchildrenincollegemayhavetopaymore,oroftenthestudentsmayhavetofindajob.Therestudentshavetoworryaboutassignmentsandgradesandalsoabouttheirjobs.Iftheyworktoomuchattheirjobs,theymaybeabsentfromclassormissassignmentsormaketoomanyerrorsontests.Theymayevenfailtheircoursesandhavetoleavetheuniversity.

Formanystudents,theproblemofgettinganeducationisnotjustaproblemofhomeworkandexams.Theyalsohavetomakemoneytopayfortuition.Andprofessorsdon’tteachthemhowtodothat!

11.IntheUnitedStates,almosthalfofthehighschoolgraduates____.

A）gotocollegesanduniversities

B）neednotpayanytuition

C）havetoenteropenuniversities

D）workhardtoavoiderrorsontests

12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

A）Mostparentsprefertosendtheirchildrentopubl