GRE考试阅读模拟练习题.docx

GRE考试阅读模拟练习题.docx

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GRE考试阅读模拟练习题

GRE考试阅读模拟练习题（7）

1.CensusdataforPrenlandshowthatunmarriedPrenlandicmenintheirthirtiesoutnumberunmarriedPrenlandicwomeninthatagegroupbyabouttentoOne.Mostofthesemendowishtomarry.Clearly，however，unlessmanyofthemmarrywomenwhoarenotPrenlandic，allbutaminoritywillremainunmarried.

　　Theargumentmakeswhichofthefollowingassump-tions?

　　（A）EmigrationfromPrelandismorecommonamongwomenthanamongmen.

　　（B）AgreaterproportionofPrelandicwomenintheirthirtiesthanofPrenlandicmenofthesameagewouldprefertoremainunmarried.

　　（C）ItisunlikelythatmanyoftheseunmarriedPrenlandicmenwillmarrywomenmorethanafewyearsolderthanthemselves.

　　（D）Prenlandhasahighrateofdivorce.

　　（E）MostoftheunmarriedPrenlandicmenareunwillingtomarrywomenwhoarenotPrenlandic.

　　2.Certainextremelyharmfulbacteriafoundonlyinsewagearedifficulttodetectdirectly.TestingforE.coli，aneasilydetectedandlessharmfultypeofbacteria，inoceanwaterwouldbeareliablewayofdeterminingwhetherornotthesemoreharmfulbac-teriaarepresent，sinceoceanwatercontainsE.Colionlyifthewateriscontaminatedwithsewagethatcontainstheharmfulbacteria.

　　Whichofthefollowing，iftrue，mostseriouslyweakenstheargument?

　　（A）TherearemanydifferentstrainsoftheE.colibacteria，andonlysomeofthesestrainsareharmful.

　　（B）Sometypesofbacteriafoundinsewageareneitherdisease-causingnordifficulttodetectdirectly.

　　（C）SomeofthetypesofbacteriafoundinsewagealongwithE.coliarenotharmfultopeopleunlessthebacteriaareingestedinlargequantities.

　　（D）E.colidiesoutmuchmorequicklythansomeofthemoreharmfulbacteriafoundinsewageandthencannolongerbeeasilydetected.

　　（E）SomeofthetypesofbacteriafoundinsewagealongwithE.colireproduceataslowerratethanE.coli.

　　3.Theorganizersoftomorrow'soutdoorconcertannouncedthatitwillgoontomorrowonscheduleunlessbadweatherisforecastortoofewadvanceticketsaresold.Iftheconcertiscanceled，refundswillbemadetoticketholders.Sincesometicketholdershavealreadybeenissuedrefundseventhoughmorethanenoughadvanceticketsweresold，itmustbethecasethatbadweatherisforecast.

　　Whichofthefollowingisanerrorofreasoningcon-tainedintheargument?

　　（A）Itproceedsasifacondition，whichbyitselfisenoughtoguaranteeacertainresult，istheonlyconditionunderwhichthatresultwouldoccur.

　　（B）Itbasesaconclusionthatisknowntorequiretwoconditionsonevidencethatbearsononlyoneofthoseconditions.

　　（C）Itexplainsoneeventasbeingcausedbyanotherevent，eventhoughbotheventsmustactuallyhavebeencausedbysomethird，unidentifiedevent.

　　（D）Ittreatsevidencefortheabsenceofonecondi-tionunderwhichacircumstancewouldoccurasconclusiveevidencethatthatcircumstancewillnotoccur.

　　（E）Evidencegiventosupporttheconclusionactuallyunderminesit.

　　参考答案：

　　CDA

GRE考试阅读模拟练习题（8）

1.InBassariaagroupofthatcountry'smostseniorjudgeshascriticizedtheuniformmandatorysentencesrecentlyintroducedforcertainspecificcrimes.Thejudgesarguethatsuchsentences，bydeprivingthemofalldiscretioninsettingsentences，makeitimpos-sibleforthemtoconsidereitheraggravatingorexten-uatingcircumstancesandsomakeitimpossibletoachievetruejustice―thefittingoftheseverityofthepunishmenttothegravityoftheparticularcrime.

　　Whichofthefollowing，iftrue，providesthestrongestevidencefortheclaimthatinBassariathenewlyintroducedmandatorysentencesarenotnecessarilyachangefortheworsewithrespecttoachievingtruejusticeasdefinedintheargument?

　　（A）Beforemandatorysentencing，judgesineasternBassariaimposedstrikinglydifferentsentencesfromthoseinwesternBassariaforequallygraveinstancesofthesamekindofoffense.

　　（B）InBassariathefrequencyofcrimesthathavebeenmadesubjecttomandatorysentencesislowernowthanitwasjustpriortotheintro-ductionofmandatorysentencing.

　　（C）ThelawintroducingmandatorysentenceswaspassedinthelegislatureofBassariabyalargemajorityandisunlikelytoberepealedintheforeseeablefuture.

　　（D）Thereusedtobeawidedifferencebetweentheminimumandthemaximumsentencesallowedbylawincasesofcrimesnowsubjecttoman-datorysentences.

　　（E）InBassariajudgesareappointedforlifeandarethusnoteasilyinfluencedbypoliticalpressuregroups.

　　2.Eachoftwoparticularinspectionsystemsthatarebasedondifferentprincipleswoulddetectallproductflawsbutwouldalsoerroneouslyrejectthreepercentofflawlessproducts.Assumingthereisnooverlapbetweentheproductserroneouslyrejectedbythetwosystemsandalsonointerferencebetweenthesystemsifbothoperate，usingbothsystemsandrejectingonlythoseproductsfoundflawedbybothwouldbeawayofavoidingallerroneousrejections.

　　Whichofthefollowingmostpreciselycharacterizesthereasoningintheargument?

　　（A）Thereasoningisconclusive，thatis，theconclusioncannotbefalseifthestatementsofferedinitssupportaretrue.

　　（B）Thereasoningisstrongbutnotconclusive，ifthestatementsofferedinsupportoftheconclusionaretrue，theyprovidegoodgroundsforthatconclu-sion，thoughitispossiblethatadditionalinfor-mationmightweakentheargument.

　　（C）Thereasoningisweak;thestatementsofferedinsupportoftheconclusion，thoughrelevanttoit，bythemselvesprovideatbestinadequategroundsfortheconclusion.

　　（D）Thereasoningisflawedinthattheconclusionisnomorethanaparaphraseofoneofthepiecesofevidenceofferedinitssupport.

　　（E）Thereasoningisflawedinthattheargumenttreatsevidencethatafactorisnecessarytobringaboutaneventasifitwereevidencethatthefactorissufficienttobringaboutthatevent.

　　3.Inrecentyears，therehasbeenadramaticdeclineinthepopulationoftheshrike，apredatorybirdthatinhabitsflatland，suchasfarmsandpastures.Someornithologistshypothesizethatthisdeclineisduetotheintroductionofnew，moreeffectivepesticidestocontroltheinsectspeciesonwhichshrikesprey.

　　TheanswertowhichofthefollowingquestionsisNOTrelevanttoevaluatingtheornithologists'hypothesis?

　　（A）Wasthereadeclineintheshrikepopulationbeforethenewpesticideswerefirstused?

　　（B）Haveshrikepopulationsdeclinedsignificantlyinthosehabitatswherethenewpesticideshavenotbeenused?

　　（C）Havethenewpesticidesmoresignificantlyreducedthepopulationofinsectspeciesonwhichshrikespreythandidthepesticidespreviouslyused?

　　（D）Areinsectsthathaveconsumedthenewpesti-cidesmoretoxictotheshrikesthateatthoseinsectsthanwereinsectsthatconsumedthelesseffectivepesticides?

　　（E）Arethenewpesticidesconsideredbymostpeopletobelessharmfultotheenvironmentthantheoldpesticideswereconsideredtobe?

　　参考答案：

　　AAE

GRE考试阅读模拟练习题（9）

1.Ithaslongbeenthoughtthathighlevelsofthehor-monetestosteronecontributetotheonsetofheartdiseaseinmen.However，thisviewcannotbecorrect，sincemenwhohaveheartdiseasetypicallyshowsignificantlylowerlevelsoftestosteronethandomenwhohavenothadheartdisease.

　　Theargumentaboveassumeswhichofthefollowing?

　　（A）Manymenwhohaveneverhadheartdiseasehaveunusuallylowlevelsoftestosterone.

　　（B）Havingheartdiseasedoesnotsignificantlylowertheleveloftestosteroneinmen.

　　（C）Levelsofhormonesotherthantestosteronesignificantlyaffectthelikelihoodthatamanwilldevelopheartdisease.

　　（D）Heartdiseaseandloweredtestosteronelevelsinmenaretheeffectsofasinglecommoncause.

　　（E）Highlevelsoftestosteronehaveneverbeenthoughttocontributetoaseriousdiseaseotherthanheartdisease.

　　2.Peoplewhoengageinscubadivingarehealthier，onaverage，thanpeoplewhodonotengageinthisactivity.Therefore，scubadivingtendstopromoteimprovedhealth.

　　Theargumentismostvulnerabletocriticismonthegroundsthatit

　　（A）presupposesthateveryonewhotakesupscubadivingdoessosolelyforhealthreasons

　　（B）leadstoafurtherandfalsifiableconclusionthatnoonecanachievegoodhealthwithoutengaginginscubadiving

　　（C）failstopointoutthatasmallnumberofpeopleareseriouslyinjuredinscubadivingaccidentseachyear

　　（D）treatsapreconditionforimprovingone'shealthasthoughitweresomethingthatbyitselfcouldensuregoodhealth

　　（E）overlooksthepossibilitythatpeoplegenerallydonottakeupscubadivingunlesstheyareingoodhealth

　　3.Whichofthefollowingmostlogicallycompletestheargumentbelow?

Inrecentyears，theproportionofcarbuyerswhobuynewcarsratherthanusedcarshasdeclined.Someconsumershaveattributedthischangetoanincreaseinnew-carprices.Asevidenceofthepriceincrease，theycitefiguresthatshowthat，evenadjustingforinflation，thepricethatthebuyerofanewcarpays，onaverage，isfarhighernowthanafewyearsago.

　　Thisevidenceisunpersuasive，however，because

　　（A）thevalueofacarthatisboughtnewdeclinesmuchmorerapidlythandoesthevalueofacarthatisboughtused

　　（B）aftersomeonehasboughtacar，itmightbeseveralyearsbeforethatpersonnextbuysacar

　　（C）adeclineintheproportionofcarbuyerswhobuynewcarsmustnecessarilymeanthattheproportionwhobuyusedcarshasincreased

　　（D）therelativeincreaseinused-carsalesmightbeexplainedbythedecisionsofonlyasmallproportionofallcarbuyers

　　（E）thechangeintheaveragepricepaidforanewcarcouldresultsolelyfrommorepeople'sr