北师大高一英语Unit 3重点词汇.docx

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北师大高一英语Unit 3重点词汇.docx

北师大高一英语Unit3重点词汇

北师大高一英语Unit3重点词汇

1、include包括。

短语:

includehimamong(in,with)myfriends把他看作朋友;Everybodyhadsomethingtosay,meincluded/includingme所有的人,包括我在内,都有话要说;

用法:

(1)、include的两种分词形式表达的形式两样,意思一样。

(当所包含的内容在include后时用including。

若在其前时用included)。

如:

YoucanhavetendaysoffincludingSunday./Sundayincluded.在论及整体情况后,如需补充说明“整体所包含的部分”时,常用介词including来引导,including前用逗号。

(2)、include属于静态动词,一般不能用于进行时态,类似的有:

love/believe/hear/seem/dislike/want/feel/impress/wish等。

include后接名词、动名词,不接不定式。

如:

Ourthree-daytourincludedvisiting/avisitsomewhere.

配套练习:

①Thebook___40maps,___threeofGreatBritain.

A.contains;containingB.includes;including

C.includes;containingD.contains;including

②Presentatthemeetingwereallimportantpeople,___somescientists.

A.includedB.andincludedC.includingD.toinclude

③Thebookcostme12yuaninall,postage___.

A.includedB.includingC.includesD.isincluded

④Thoseoldpots,___theonewithaflyingdragononit,___32000Chineseancientcoins.

A.included;includeB.containing;containC.including;contain

D.including;include

⑤Vegetablesliketomatoes___richvitamins.Theyaregoodforourhealth.

A.containB.containsC.includeD.includes

2、celebrate庆祝。

短语:

celebrateavictory庆祝胜利;celebration庆祝、庆祝会;incelebrationof庆祝;hold/haveacelebration举行庆祝会;forthecelebration为了祝贺、以庆祝;

配套练习:

①Thewholefamilyheldagrandparty___hisreturn.

A.tocongratulateB.incelebrationofC.celebratedD.inordertocelebrateon

②——Mydaughterhaspassedtheexam.

——Congratulations!

She’sreallyintelligent.——______

A.No,no,sheisnothingB.Oh,thankyou!

C.Sometimessheisintelligent.D.Youareright.

③We___hispassingthecollegeentranceexam.

A.congratulatedhimonB.celebratedhimonC.congratulatedD.celebratedhimfor

④Thepress___hisbravenessinfightingthethief.

A.congratulatedB.celebratedC.congratulationsD.celebration

3、power权力、势力、力、力量。

短语:

doeverythinginone’spowertohelp尽力帮助;powerstation发电站;comeinto/topower掌权、执政;inthepowerof=atthemercyof在……掌握之中、任……摆布;inpower当权;takepower当权、执政;

用法:

power前有限定词时,其后跟of+动名词。

如:

Hehasthepoweroforderingusabout.power前无限定词时,其后跟不定式。

如:

Themanagerhaspowertofireaworker.

配套练习:

①Nextcameahorse,swimmingbravely,butwewereafraidthatthe___ofthecurrent(水流)wouldpreventitslandinganywherebeforeitbecameexhausted(耗尽的、疲惫的).

A.powerB.forceC.strengthD.energy

②ThestorywrittenbySimonisaboutaman,whoturnedhisgunbackathisfellowfighterswhenhecameinto___.

A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.official

③I’lldoeverythinginmy___tohelpyouout.

A.energyB.powerC.rightD.reach

④WhenHitler___inGermany,Einsteinfoundthedoorsofstudy___him.

A.cameintopower;closedtoB.wasinpower;shuttingagainst

C.tookpower;closingtoD.seizedpowers;shutagainst

⑤Theillnesshasleftherwith___.

A.weakB.littlepowerC.littlestrengthD.littleforce

4、destroy破坏、毁坏、分裂。

反义词organize

短语:

destroytheoldworldandbuildthenewone破坏旧世界建设新世界;

比较:

damage指伤害人或物,使其失去价值、用途或外表,含有对价值或效果造成的损失。

如:

Thecropswerebadlydamagedbythefloods.

harm指物质、精神或肉体上的损害,强调痛苦和损失的影响。

如:

Theworkershavetheirhearingharmedbythenoiseofthemachines.

injure无论是肉体、心灵上,还是价值、名誉的损失都可用。

如:

Heinjuredanarminacaraccident.

destroy彻底毁坏,不能修复使用,有毁灭的意思。

ruin破坏、毁坏,常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。

配套练习:

①Anearthquakestruckthisarea,___alotofdamage.

A.makingB.causingC.doneD.caused

②Hisselfishnessandgreedinessatlastbroughthimto___.

A.ruinsB.ruinC.damageD.damages

③Hishousewasslightly___inthisflood.

A.ruinedB.destroyedC.damagedD.broken

④Thehousewhich___inthefirelastyear___.

A.destroyed;wasbelongedtomeB.destroyed;belongtoI

C.wasdestroyed;belongedtomineD.wasdestroyed;belongedtome

⑤Hiscamerawas___byhisson.Hehadtohaveitrepairedatonce.

A.hurtB.woundC.destroyedD.damaged

⑥Hisbikewassobadly___thatitcouldn’tberepairedatall.

A.destroyedB.ruinedC.damagedD.damaging

5、invite邀请。

短语:

invitesomebodytodosomething邀请某人做某事;invitesomebodytosomewhere邀请某人去某地;invitesuggestions/opinionsfromsomebody征求某人的建议(意见);invitesomebodyto/foradinner邀请某人吃饭;invitetroubleindoingsomething做某事是自找麻烦(invite招致);inviteouropinionofherstory征询我们对她的故事的意见;feelinvited感到受吸引;someinvitinggoods一些吸引人的货物;

用法:

当面邀请某人时用:

Willyoucometotheparty?

不可说:

MayIinviteyoutotheparty.

配套练习:

①Hefelt___togoandhavealook.

A.invitingB.invitedC.inviteD.beinginvited

②Beforecarryingouttheplan,we’vedecidedto___suggestionsfromsomeexpertsfirst.

A.giveB.inviteC.wantD.askafter

③AreyougoingtoattendhisweddingpartyonSaturday?

No,evenif___.

A.invitingB.toinviteC.havinginvitedD.invited

④Don’tbedisappointedfornot___tothepartyforitwasnot___atall.

A.inviting;invitingB.invited;invitedC.havingbeeninvited;inviting

D.beinginvited;beinginviting

⑤Thenumberofscientists___totheconferencewas150,butmanymorecamewithout___.

A.invited;invitingB.wereinvited;invitingC.wereinvited;invitation

D.invited;beinginvited

6、entrance入口、入场、进入。

短语:

(at)entranceto/oftheschool在学校的入口处;makeone’sentrance入场;Noentrance闲人免进;entrancefree免费入场;anentranceexam入学考试;backentrance后门;entranceinto/tocollege进入大学;enter进入;entry进入、加入;

配套练习:

①Congratulationsonyourpassingthecollege___exam!

Thankyou.

A.enteringB.entranceC.entryD.entered

②China’s____intoWTOisahistoriceventinChinesehistory.

A.enterB.enteringC.entryD.havingentered

③Thechildrenweresurprisedbythesudden___oftheirteacher.

A.enterB.entranceC.entryD.come

④Undergraduatestudentshaveno___totherarebooksintheschoollibrary.

A.accessB.entranceC.wayD.path

7、contribute贡献出、出一份力。

短语:

contributetosomebody/something有助于、有益于;contributetothechurch捐款;contributetonewspapers投稿;contributetotheaccident导致事故;makeacontributionto为……做贡献;

配套练习:

①He___nothingtothediscussion.

A.confinedB.contributedC.directedD.devoted

②CharlieChaplinishonoredforhisgreatcontributions___thefilmindustry.

A.forB.toC.inD.with

③Heisworkinghardalldaylong,whichwillsurely___hissuccessinthefuture.

A.leadgreatlytoB.contributegreatlytoC.leadgreatlyupto

D.contributegreatlyfor

④ZhangYimou,thewell-knowndirector,makesgreatcontributionsto___Chineseculturebymeansoffilms.

A.tospreadB.tospreadingC.atspreadD.forspreading

8、dress服装(U)、女装、童装(C)、穿衣、给……穿衣。

短语:

dressinblack=wearblack穿着黑衣服;bedressedin=wear穿着;bewelldressed穿着讲究;dressoneself自己穿衣服;dresssomebodyinacoat给某人穿衣;dressup化装、穿上盛装;

比较:

dress作不及物动词时,表示穿好衣服;作及物动词时,其后要接人或反身代词,不接衣服,表示给某人或自己穿衣服。

如:

Mylittlesisterisoldenoughtodressherself.

bedressed(in)表示某人在某个场合穿着什么衣服,指穿着的状态。

如:

Sheisdressedinwhitelikeanurse.

haveon穿着、戴着,指穿的状态,其后可接衣服、帽子、鞋子等能穿戴的东西,相当于bein,bewearing,不能用进行时。

如:

Agoodmanygirlshaveonskirtsinsummer.

in表示穿着,后接衣服,也可接颜色,in短语可作状语和定语,和be连用作表语。

如:

Thelittlegirlisinred.

puton穿戴,指穿的动作,其后接穿戴的东西,反义词是takeoff。

如:

Heputonhiscoatandhatandwenttotown.

pullon表示不经心地随随便便匆匆忙忙地穿上衣服、袜子或戴上手套等,指一时的短暂动作,反义词是pulloff。

如:

Shewasinsuchahurrythatherclotheswerejustpulledon.

wear穿着、戴着,表示状态,可用于进行时,可用于穿衣服、袜子、鞋子、帽子、手套、眼镜等,还可用于佩戴手表、首饰、徽章、花儿以及留头发、胡须的长短式样等。

如:

Whydon’tyouwearaflower?

with表示穿戴,只能作定语,只能与眼镜、手表之类的名词连用,不能接衣服。

如:

Theworkerwithglovesishisfather.

tryon和fiton表示试穿,强调动作。

如:

Wewillfitthenewclothesonyou.

配套练习:

①Theshopassistanttherewerenotfriendlytomebecauseof___.

A.IwasbadlydressedB.theclothesIwashavingonC.whatIwaswearing

D.whatIdressed

②___white,thebeautifulgirlmanagedtoattracteveryone’sattentionattheparty.

A.HavingwornB.HavingonC.HavingputonD.Dressedin

③InmanyofthestreetsinDisneyland,manypeoplewalkaround___19thcenturyclothes.

A.wearingB.dressedC.haveonD.puttingon

④Hegotupat6:

00sharp,___inahurryanddrovetotherailwaystationtomeethisfather.

A.putonB.woreclothesC.dressedD.hadclotheson

⑤Getupand___quickly.

A.haveonB.putonC.dressD.wear

9、depend依靠。

短语:

dependonsomebodytodosomething指望某人做某事;dependonhertobelate/dependonherarrivingontime别指望她不迟到;dependuponit毫无疑问、没错;Heisthemantobedependedupon他这人靠得住;It(all)depends…靠……决定(on可省);

用法:

(1)、dependon后可接连接副词引导的从句,不能用if,而要用whether引导。

意为“依……而定”。

如:

Thisdependsonwhetherthemedicineiseffective.

(2)、dependon/upon和relyon/upon不直接接从句,若要接从句这个从句要放在it之后。

如:

Idependuponitthathewillwanttocome.

配套练习:

①Idon’tthinkheistherightperson___.

A.todependonB.thatIcandependC.IcandependonD.tobedepended

②Youmaydepend___itwon’thappenagain.

A.thatB.onthatC.onitD.onitthat

③Wouldyoucomeoverforsupperthisevening?

I’dliketo,but___.

A.I’llneverknowB.italldependsC.thatdependson

D.mymotherwon’tpromisemeto

④I’mplanningtoholdapartyintheopenair,butIcanmakenoguaranteesbecauseit___theweather.

A.linkswithB.dependsonC.connectstoD.decideson

⑤IpromiseIwillgoshoppingwithyoutomorrow.Youcan___.

A.dependB.believeC.dependonmeD.bedepended

10、apply使用、适用。

短语:

applyforajob求职;applyoneselftosth致力于;applyone’smindto专心于;applytosbforsth适用、向某人申请;applysomethingto把……施用于;

配套练习:

①Ifyouareinterestedinthejob,youcanwritetoourcompanyand___.

A.applyforitB.applyitforC.bidforitD.applytoit

②Everyyearmanycollegegraduates___thecompany___ajob.

A.appliedto;forB.appliedfor;toC.applyfor;toD.applyto;for

③I___fo

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