版高考英语北师大版新探究大一轮复习练习Unit 13 知能演练 轻松闯关 含答案解析.docx

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版高考英语北师大版新探究大一轮复习练习Unit13知能演练轻松闯关含答案解析

课时练1　阅读理解提速练

[学生用书P293（单独成册）]

阅读理解

A

（2019·赣州十四县/市联考）Somepeoplearesorude!

Whosendsanemailoratextmessagethatjustsays“Thankyou”?

Wholeavesavoicemailmessageratherthantextsyou?

WhoasksforafacteasilyfoundonGoogle?

Don’tthesepeoplerealizethatthey’rewastingyourtime?

MaybeI’mtherudeonefornotappreciatinglife’slittlepoliteness.Butmanysocialagreedstandardsjustdon’tmakesensetopeopledrowningindigitalcommunication.

Intexts,youdon’thavetodeclarewhoyouareorevensayhello.Email,too,isslowerthanatext.Voicemailisanowimpolitewayoftryingtoconnect.

Myfatherlearnedthislessonafterleavingmeadozenvoicemailmessages,noneofwhichIlistenedto.Exasperated，hecalledmysistertoexpresshisdissatisfactionthatIneverreturnedhisphonecalls.“Whyareyouleavinghimvoicemail？

”mysisterasked.“Justtexthim.”

Intheageofthesmartphone,thereisnoreasontoaskonceacceptablequestionsabout:

theweatherforecast,abusiness’sphonenumber,ordirectionstoahouse,arestaurant,whichcanbeeasilyfoundonGoogleMaps.Butpeoplestillaskthesethings.Andwhenyouanswer,theyrespondwithathankyouemail.

Howtohandlethesedifferingstandards?

Easy:

Consideryouraudience.Somepeople,especiallyolderones,appreciateathankyoumessage.Others,likeme,wantnoreply.

Theanthropologist（人类学家）MargaretMeadoncesaidthatintraditionalsocieties,theyounglearnfromtheold.Butinmodernsocieties,theoldcanalsolearnfromtheyoung.Here’shopingthatpolitenessnevergoesoutoffashionbutthattimewastingformsofcommunicationdo.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了如今在智能手机时代，人们应该选择何种方式进行沟通。

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Exasperated”meaninthefifthparagraph?

A．Worried.B．Surprised.

C．Annoyed.D．Tired.

C　解析：

词义猜测题。

根据第五段第二句中的“hecalledmysistertoexpresshisdissatisfactionthatIneverreturnedhisphonecalls.”可知，作者的父亲对作者不给自己回电话很不满，由此可推知Exasperated意思是“恼怒的，生气的”，故选C。

2．Whydidn’tthewriterreplytohisfather?

A．Helikedtextmessagesbetter.

B．Heenjoyedcheckinghisvoicemail.

C．Hedidn’treceiveanyvoicemailmessages.

D．Hedidn’twanttotalkwithhisfather.

A　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第五段中的“‘Whyareyouleavinghimvoicemail？

’mysisterasked.‘Justtexthim.’”可推知，作者不喜欢用语音信箱，更偏爱发短信，故选A。

3．Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriteragreeto?

A．Peopleneedn’tlearnfromoneanotherintraditionalsocieties.

B．Dealingwithvoicemailshouldvarywitheachindividual.

C．Peopleneedn’tturntoGoogleforhelpwhenintrouble.

D．Declaringwhoyouareorsayinghellointextsisnecessary.

B　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第七段的内容可推知，标准是变化的，处理方式应该因人而异，而不是一刀切，语音信箱的使用亦是如此，故选B。

4．What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?

A．Nowadays：

WhatShouldWeDowithTextMessages?

B．Nowadays：

DoYouLikeLeavingOthersaVoiceMessage?

C．Nowadays：

WhatMeansShouldWeUseinCommunication?

D．Nowadays：

DoYouNeedaThankyouMessage?

C　解析：

标题归纳题。

根据对文章内容的整体理解可知，第三段引入本文话题，最后两段点题总结，本文主要讨论的是如今（在智能手机时代）我们应该用何种方式沟通，故选C项。

B

（2019·石家庄高三模拟）TooGoodToGoisasmartphoneappwhichallowsrestaurantstosellfoodthatwouldotherwisebethrownawayatdiscountpricesfromaslittleas￡2toamaximumof￡3.80,evenifthemealsaresoldfromtheveryfinestrestaurantsinthecountry.OriginallycreatedinDenmarkandlaunchedinBrightonandLeedsinJune,theservicehasrecentlybeenintroducedintotheUnitedKingdombyacoupleofyoungentrepreneurs（企业家）．

Millionsoftonsoffoodsarethrowninthetrasheveryyear,withrestaurantsaccountingforalargepart,soecoentrepreneursChrisWilsonandJamieCrummiecameupwiththegoodideatostopfoodwaste.UsingTooGoodToGonotonlyhelpsrestaurantssaveexpense,butgivespeopleinneedthechancetoorderfancydishesatlowprices.

TooGoodToGoisveryconvenientforusers.RestaurantsmakefoodavailableontheTooGoodToGoappandwebsite.Peoplecanlookthroughtheavailabledishesonthesmartphones,payforthemusingacreditcardandpickthemupatasettime,anhourbeforeclosingtime.

AlthoughTooGoodToGodoestakeafeefromrestaurantsforeachsale,itscreatorssaytheendgoalistouseitforrestaurantstosolvetheirwastemanagementproblem,ratherthanmakingaprofit.Wilsonclaims,“Theideaisthatrestaurantsstopproducingtheextrafoodsotheydon’tneedtothrowitawayinthetrash,andwereallywanttoputourselvesoutofbusinessbystoppingfoodwaste.”

BirminghamhasbecomethelatestcitywhererestaurantscanreducefoodwastetothelowestlimitbyworkingwiththeTooGoodToGosocialenterpriseapp.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了TooGoodToGo这款手机软件，它可以帮助饭店以较低的价格处理要扔掉的食物，这样既避免了浪费，又给那些需要的人提供了可口的食物。

5．WherewasTooGoodToGooriginallylaunched?

A．InDenmark.B．InBrighton.

C．InBirmingham.D．IntheU．S.

B　解析：

细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“OriginallycreatedinDenmarkandlaunchedinBrightonandLeeds”可知，这款软件最初是在Denmark创造出来，在Brighton和Leeds发起的，故选B项。

6．What’stheappintendedtodo?

A．Makeaprofitbysellingfoodonthewebsite.

B．Allowrestaurantstosellfoodatlowprices.

C．Helprestaurantstodealwithleftoverfood.

D．Callonrestaurantstosavefoodandmoney.

C　解析：

推理判断题。

根据文章第二段中的“...soecoentrepreneursChrisWilsonandJamieCrummiecameupwiththegoodideatostopfoodwaste...butgivespeopleinneedthechancetoorderfancydishesatlowprices.”可知，这款软件的目的是阻止食物浪费，不仅帮助饭店节省费用，而且给那些需要的人提供一个低价品尝好菜的机会，故选C项。

7．Howdidthecreatorsoftheappmakeprofits?

A．Bysellingcopiesoftheapp.

B．Bytakingafeefrombuyers.

C．Bychargingrestaurantsforeachsale.

D．Bygettingdonationsfromentrepreneurs.

C　解析：

细节理解题。

根据文章第四段中的“AlthoughTooGoodToGodoestakeafeefromrestaurantsforeachsale”可知，该软件的创造者是通过向饭店的每一单生意收费来赚钱的，因此选C项。

8．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A．Peoplecanpaylessmoneyforarichmeal.

B．Theappismainlydesignedtohelpthepoor.

C．Dishescanbesoldtomakealotofprofits.

D．Peoplecangettheirorderedfoodathome.

A　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“TooGoodToGo...inthecountry.”和第二段中的“UsingTooGoodToGonotonlyhelpsrestaurantssaveexpense,butgivespeopleinneedthechancetoorderfancydishesatlowprices.”可以推知，由于TooGoodToGo软件的出现，人们可以花比较少的钱吃一顿丰盛的饭，故选A项。

C

（2019·湖南长沙高三模拟）AnewstudybytheBritishgovernmenthasdiscoveredthementalhealthofthecountry’steenagegirlshasbecomeworse.

Thesurvey,whichincluded30，00014yearoldstudentsin2005and2014,showed37percentofgirlswithpsychologicalstress,upfrom34percentin2005.Britishboys’stresslevelwasactuallyseentofalloverthesametimeperiod，from17percentto15percent.

Thereport’sauthorspointedoutthe“adventofthesocialmediaage”couldbeamajorcontributingfactorforincreasedstressamongteenageBritishgirls.

“Theadolescentyearsareatimeofrapidphysical，cognitive（认知的）andemotionaldevelopment，”PamRamsden,alecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofBradfordintheUnitedKingdom,wroteinarecentblogpost.“Teenagersinteractwithpeopleinordertolearnhowtobecomecompetent（有能力的）adults.Inthepast，theywouldengagewithparents，teachersandotheradultsintheircommunityaswellasextendedfamilymembersandfriends.Nowwecanalsoaddsocialmediatothatlistofsocialandemotionaldevelopment.”

Throughoutadolescence，girlsandboysdevelopcharacteristicslikeconfidenceandselfcontrol.Sinceteenagebrainshavenotcompletelydeveloped，teensdon’thavethecognitiveawarenessandimpulse（冲动）controltokeepfrompostinginappropriatecontent.Furthermore，thiscontentcaneasilybespreadfarandwidewithdisastrousinfluences.

“Socialmediacanalsofeedintogirls’insecuritiesabouttheirappearance，”Ramsdensaid.Thesesitesareoftenfilledwithimagesofpeoplewithbodytypeunattainabletothenormalperson.However，theseimagesandthemessagestiedtothemgraduallybecomesocietalstandards.

【解题导语】　一项新研究发现，英国女孩的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国女孩心理压力加大的主要因素。

9．Thestatisticsinthesecondparagraphshowthat__________．

A．moreandmorechildreninBritainhavementalhealthproblems

B．fewgirlsinBritainsufferedfrompsychologicalstressin2005

C．moreboysinBritainaresufferingfrommentalpressurenow

D．moreBritishgirlsfeelpsychologicallystressedthanboysdonow

D　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第二段的第一句可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国女孩有心理压力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国男孩有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。

据此可以判断，英国女孩有心理压力的比男孩多，故D项正确。

10．Contrarytotraditionalwaysofinteraction,socialmedia________．

A．helpsteenagersdevelopqualitieslikeconfidenceandselfcontrol

B．hasmanynegativeeffectsongirls’characteristicdevelopment　

C．makesteensawareofpotentialdangeroftheinappropriatecontent

D．teachesgirlstocareabouttheirappearancetomeetsocietalstandards

B　解析：

细节理解题。

根据第五段的最后一句和最后一段第一句的“Socialmediacanalsofeedintogirls’insecuritiesabouttheirappearance”可知，由于青少年的思想还不成熟，自控能力有限，社交媒体对英国女孩的心理健康和她们对外表美丑的判断产生了消极的影响。

故B项正确。

11．Theunderlinedword“advent”inParagraph3canbereplacedby“________”．

A．arrivalB．end

C．disappearanceD．invention

A　解析：

词义猜测题。

结合该段内容和下文关于传统交流方式和社交媒体的比较可知，报告的作者指出，“社交媒体时代的到来”可能是造成英国女孩心理压力增加的主要因素。

据此可知，画线词意为“到来”，故A项正确。

D

（2019·合肥高三调研性检测）Inoureverydayliveswemeetsituationsinwhichwetakemanythingsforgranted.Weonlytreasurethingswhentheyaregone.Thisisasadtruthofhumannature.Oneday,Ifoundmyselfasawitnesstoasimilarsituation.

Oneevening,Ileftworkandboardedthetrain.Afterentering,Inoticedsomethingunusual.Thecenterofthecarhadafewemptyseatswhilebothendswerecrowdedwithpeoplestanding.Ididn’tpaymuchattentionandsatdownononeoftheemptyseats.Isensedafunnysmell.Itwasn’tlongbeforeInoticedahomelesspersonsleepingonthreeseatsinfrontofme.Hewasbleedingfromhisnos