英语单项知识的讲解与练习71.docx
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英语单项知识的讲解与练习71
英语单项知识的讲解与练习(71)
351.anecdote的用法
anecdote(n)轶事、奇闻;
例句:
Hedepartsfromthetexttotellan anecdote.他没讲课文而讲了一段轶事。
Hetoldmesome anecdotes aboutourEnglishteacher.他告诉我几个关于英语老师的掌故。
Ithadneverbeenmorethanafamily anecdote.那不过是个家庭趣谈罢了。
短语:
collectanecdotes 收集奇闻;relateananecdote 讲述奇闻;amusinganecdote 趣闻;authenticanecdote 真实轶事;triflinganecdotesofcelebrities 名人轶事;
用法:
anecdote后可接of,about,concerning或inregardto,引出“轶事涉及的内容”。
如:
HelistenedtothisanecdoteaboutthePresident’schildhood.
练习:
Shetoldmesome _____abouthowpeoplealwaystookherforhertwinsisterwhentheymadeanappearanceforashow.
A.anecdotesB.assessmentsC.AssistanceD.frameworks
Hetoldmesome anecdote _____ourEnglishteacher.
A.ofB.forC.aboutD.with
Hehasatalent_____recollectionand anecdote.
A.ofB.forC.aboutD.in
He also serves upbyfar the best anecdote _____therealworkings of state capitalism.
A.ofB.forC.overD.about
352.applicant的用法
applicant(n)申请人、请求者;
例句:
Hegaveeverynew applicant theonce-over.他匆匆地看一下每一个新来的申请人。
Asthewageofthejobwaslow,therewerefew applicants forit.因为工资低,没有什么人申请这份工作。
.Thejob applicant musthavegoodverbalskills. 应聘这份工作的人必须具有良好的语言表达技能。
短语:
applicantforaloan借款人;applicantforthecredit开证申请人;jobapplicant求职人员;anapplicantforPartymembership入党申请人;
用法:
applicant后接for,表示“……的申请人”。
如:
Sheisahopefulapplicantfortheposition.
练习:
Thesecretaryarrangeda(n)_____timeandplacefortheapplicantstohaveaninterview.
A.importantB.spareC.publicD.convenient
—Sowhatistheprocedure?
—Alltheapplicants _____beforeafinaldecisionismadebytheauthority.
A.interviewB.areinterviewing
C.areinterviewedD.arebeinginterviewed
JohnSmithistheNewYorkTimes____atBeijing.
A.residentB.correspondentC.ambassadorD.applicant
Theenterpriseisan applicant _____thiscredit.
A.ofB.forC.inD.with
Manypersonnelmanagerssayitisgettingharderandharderto_____honestapplicantsfromthegrowingnumberofdishonestones.
A.dissolveB.discountC.disguiseD.distinguish
353.artificial的用法
artificial人造的、人工的、假的、做作的;
例句:
Thisorangedrinkcontainsno artificial flavourings.这种橙汁饮品不含人工调味料。
Thisdressismadeof artificial fibers.这件衣服是人造纤维的。
Shewelcomeduswithan artificial smileonherface.她脸上挂着虚委的笑容来迎接我们。
Her artificial mannermademesick.她那装腔作势的样子令我恶心。
短语:
artificialrainfall人工降雨;anartificialearthsatellite人造地球卫星;artificialfertilizer 化肥;artificiallimb 假肢;artificialteeth 假牙;
用法:
artificial后接介词to,表示“在某人看来是虚假的,不自然”。
如:
TheJapanesehavearigidcodeofetiquette,whichmayseemartificialtoforeigners.
artificial指非自然环境所产生,在某种意义上为人类所创造的东西;也用于与自然物相对照的人工物;形容人时则指其言谈举止做作或拘谨。
artificial作“人工的;人造的”“虚假的;不真挚的”解时不用于比较等级。
练习:
Itiswrongtoregardallslowstudentsas _____troublemakers—itisonlyaminorityofthemwhoareresponsibleforthefight.
A.potentialB.artificialC.conventionalD.constant
Allunitsofmeasurementare_____,becausespace,time,weight,andotherdimensionsarenotnaturallydividedintounits.
A.objectiveB.traditionalC.artificialD.controversial
Iwasfittedan artificial tooth_____thedentist.
A.forB.byC.toD.with
TheJapanesehavearigidcodeofetiquette,whichmayseem artificial _____foreigners.
A.forB.byC.ofD.to
Thereweresome________flowersonthetable.
A.artificialB.unnaturalC.falseD.unreal
Theship'sgeneratorbrokedown,andthepumpshadtobeoperated________insteadofmechanically.
A.manuallyB.automaticallyC.artificiallyD.synthetically
Shelikesthe_______flowerinsteadofthenaturalone.
A.articleB.adventureC.ancientD.artificial
354.association的用法
association(n)社团、联合、友谊;
例句:
Haveyoujoinedtheteachers' association?
你加入教师协会了吗?
About20peoplehaveregisteredinthe association.大约有20人已登记加入这一协会。
HorwathreferstoHorwathInternational Association,aSwissverein.浩华是指浩华国际协会,为一个根据瑞士法律所组成的社团组织。
What association doyouhavewiththecolorgreen?
绿色会使你产生什么联想?
短语:
establishanassociation 建立协会;formanassociation结社;haveanassociationwith与…有交往;bringupanassociation引起联想;alumniassociation校友会;associationofenterprises企业集团;associationofideas 联想;associationwith 与…的联系;anassociationofideas联想;
用法:
association后接with,表示“与某人或某事联系”。
如:
HisEnglishbenefitedthroughhislongassociationwithBritishchildren.
association在句中用作主语时,其谓语动词的数视其着眼点不同可使用单数形式或复数形式。
association也可作“联合,结合,交往”解,后常接with引导的短语;association引申可作“联想”解,还可作“因果关系”解。
练习:
Thereexistedanobvious_____betweentheaccountsofthewitnesses,soajudgmentwasnotannouncedincourt.
A.associationB.authorityC.conflictD.restriction
Thesedecisionswillhaveavital_____ontheirattitudetowardstheWest.
A.connectionB.associationC.bearingD.reference
Surelyitdoesn'tmatterwherethestudentassociationsgettheirmoneyfrom;what_____iswhattheydowithit.
A.countsB.appliesC.stressesD.functions
Ibenefitedalotfrommy association _____him.
A.forB.ofC.onD.with
Theyarebuildingthedamin________withanotherfirm.
A.comparisonB.associationC.touchD.tune
ResearchersattheUniversityofIllinoisdeterminedthatthe________ofafathercanhelpimproveachild’sgrades.
A.involvementB.associationC.intetactionD.communication
355.attain的用法
attain(v)达到、获得、取得;
例句:
Wecan attain whatevergoalwesetinourmind.我们设定了什么目标,就能实现什么目标。
Weshouldbeableto attain thatgoal.我们应该能够实现这个目标。
Thecountry attained itsindependencein1972.这个国家在1972年获得了独立。
I'mdeterminedto attain mypurposeatanycost.我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。
Shepullseverystringto attain theend.她想尽一切办法来达到目的。
短语:
attainone’sgoal达到目的;attainthetopofahill到达山顶;attaintomanhood达到成年时期;attainto 达到,获得;attaintodistinction 出名;attaintoman'sestate 达到成年;attaintopower 得到权力;
用法:
attain作动词,后接介词to,表示达到的程度或地位。
如:
Thisplantattainstoaheightof10ft.用作vt与作vi加to,有时可通用,一般说来,在表示“目的、理想、愿望”等的词前用attain;在表示“权力、繁荣、名望、知识、智慧”等的词前用attainto;在表示“年龄”等词前,两者都可。
练习:
Indiaattained_____independencein1947,after_____longstruggle.
A.不填;aB.the;aC.an;不填D.an;the
Theylacksufficientresourcesto____theircampaignforlong.
A.sustainB.containC.retainD.attain
Thecommittee______aconclusionafterfourdaysofheateddiscussion.
A.achievedB.attainedC.arrivedD.reached
Thecheetahcan attain speedsof_____97kph.
A.toB.uptoC.overtoD.into
Greatereffortsareneededbeforewecan_______ourgoal.
A.dozenB.attainC.avenueD.reward
Shehas___someveryunpleasanthabitsrecently.
A.obtainedB.gainedC.attainedD.acquired
Intyphoon,winds___aspeedgreaterthan120kmperhour.
A.assumeB.accomplishC.attainD.assemble
Inthesecondexperimentthey___averyclearresult.
A.obtainedB.acquiredC.wonD.attained
No___withoutpains.
A.obtainsB.gainsC.attainsD.acquires
She___agoodknowledgeofEnglishfromMr.Chen'slectures.
A.achievedB.attainedC.acquiredD.gained
Keys:
351.ACBD
352.DCBAD
353.ACBDAAD
354.CCADBA
355.AADBBDCABC