中央电大学位英语真题和答案.docx

中央电大学位英语真题和答案.docx

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中央电大学位英语真题和答案

2011.5北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

　　PartIReadingComprehension（30%）

　　Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageis

followedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthere

arefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice

andblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。

　　Passage1

　　QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughto

changebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna（

天线）.Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear,scientistsatthe

NationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth,addingthat

thestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsofalinkbetweencellphonesand

braincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose（葡萄糖）metabolism（代谢）（asign

ofbrainactivity）increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoa

cellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna,”saidDr.NoraVolkowofthe

NIH,whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedical

Association.（76）Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactsto

electromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals。

　　Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation（电

磁辐射）fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity,butshesaidthe

findingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“This

studydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthe

humanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphone

exposures。

”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywere

introducedintheearly1980s,withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuse

worldwide。

　　Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskof

braincancers,butalargestudybutheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnot

offeraclearanswertothis.Volkow’steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheir

brainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanother

whilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrain

metabolism,theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolisminthe

regionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason。

　　（77）Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybe

understoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance,ifany,

ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureis

unknown,theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation,”HenryLaiofthe

UniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversity

HospitalinSweden,wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedoneto

furtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects。

”Theywrote。

　　1.  Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

　　A.  Cellphoneuseisdangerous。

　　B.  Cellphoneusecausescancer。

　　C.  Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield。

　　D.  Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldright

now。

　　2.  DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______。

　　A.  herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone

　　B.  shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain

　　C.  shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescould

influenceorchangebrainactivity

　　D.  humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation

　　3.  Accordingtothepassage,cellphoneswerelaunched_______。

　　A.  inthelate1970s  B.between1980and1985

　　B.  inthelate1980sD.intheearly1990s

　　4.  Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph?

　　A.  Brainactivity。

　　B.  Herresearchfindings。

　　C.  Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer。

　　D.  Herresearchprogress。

　　5.  Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthis

passage?

　　A.  CellPhoneRadiation:

IsItHarmful?

　　B.  CellPhoneRadiati0n:

IsItUseful?

　　C.  CellPhoneRadiation:

IsItHealthy?

　　D.  CellPhoneRadiation:

IsItWeak?

　　Passage2

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsat

once.（78）Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew:

We’vebeendriving

whilelisteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthe1930s.but

thereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedinthe

eraofWeb-enabledcomputers,whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveral

IM（及时通讯）conversations,watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce。

　　Butwhat’stheimpactofthismediaconsumption?

Andhowarethese

multitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn,reasonandcommunicatewith

oneanother?

Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwith

thesequestions,buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions。

　　（79）Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfor

today’sfast-pacedworkplaced,Manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedby

thetrend。

Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework,playing

gamesonlineandwatchingTV,aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun。

　　Onthepositiveside,multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarily

goodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodernchildhood

centersaroundvisual（视觉的）ratherthanprintmedia,theyareespecially

skilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages。

　　Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensure

thattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreens

andspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallenge

notjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomany

teenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted（任务过量的）schedulesdrives

muchoftheirmultitasking。

　　Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatortoteachkidsthatit’s

valuable,evenessential,tooccasionallyslowdown,unplugsandtaketime

toenjoylifebeyondthescreen。

　　6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

　　A.Howismultitaskingdefine（定义）intheinformationage?

　　B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbrings

about?

　　C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife?

　　D.What’stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople?

　　7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestin

meaningto____。

　　A.Lowspeed

　　B.Toomuchtimealone。

　　C.highspeed

　　D.steadyspeed

　　8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents,whatcausestheir

multitasking?

　　A.Overcommittedschedules

　　B.Toomuchtimealone

　　C.Inabilitytofocus

　　D.Fearofbeingneglected

　　9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?

　　A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincethe

informationage。

　　B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearn

atschool。

　　C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitasking

habits。

　　D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday’sfast-

pacesworkenvironment。

　　10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheir

multitaskingkids?

　　A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection。

　　B.Toseekmedicaltreatment。

　　C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife。

　　D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoals

Passage3

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil（化石）fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident25yearsagoinChernobyl（切尔诺贝利）beginningtofadeinEuropeanMemories,governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope,whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas,andonheavilypollutingcoal-firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrises,discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated。

　　（80）InGermany,nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades。

Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recentlyabout40,000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope,”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants。

”

　　Chancellor（总理）AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-rightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry’s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressurethechangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave,”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan。

”

　　　11.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE?

　　　　A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil。

　　　　B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels。

　　　　C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear。

　　　　D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies。

　　　12.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______。

　　　　A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants

　　　　B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago

　　　　C.theyhaveimprovedtheirnucle