教案高中英语状语从句分析讲解和解题训练 1.docx

教案高中英语状语从句分析讲解和解题训练 1.docx

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教案高中英语状语从句分析讲解和解题训练1

Eeeetgtzwxexwwwewaw22221wweeewwA.状语从句讲解和练习

状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。

通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。

例如：

1. Naturally,ourgrandparentswerepleasedtogetourphonecall.（副词）

2. Weworkedhard,fromsunrisetosunset.（介词状短语）

3. Tohelpmydisabledaunt,Ispendanhourworkinginherhouseeveryday.（不定式）

4.  Seenfromadistance,thefarmhouselookeddeserted.（过去分词）

5. IknowhowtolightacampfirebecauseIhaddoneitbefore.（原因状语从句）

状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。

enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。

状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。

一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。

尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。

状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。

现分别列举如下:

1．时间状语从句

常用引导词：

when,as,while,assoonas,while,before,after,since,till,until

特殊引导词：

theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theinstant,immediately,directly,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when

Ididn’trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.

WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.

Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard（果园）themomenttheysawtheguard.

NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.

EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.

When,while,as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。

1）When从句中谓语动词可以延续动词也可是瞬间动词。

Eg:

WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.

Wheniwaswalkingonthestreet,imetanoldfriend.

beabouttodo/bedoing/haddone......whenwhen“突然，这时”

EgIwasabouttogotoworkwhenitrained.

我刚刚完成作业，我的最好的朋友来拜访我。

（汉译英）

___________________________________________________________________

注意：

When/while从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be动词时，从句主语和be可以省略。

Eg:

When______________（walk）alongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.

2）As除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面```一面”，“随着”

Eg:

Hesangashedanced.（一面```一面）

Astimewentby,hishairgrewgrey.

3）While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。

Eg:

Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.

Whilehavingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.

注意：

while有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。

eg:

Ipreferblacktee,whilehelikescoffee.

Excercise

Shesang______shewentalong.

__________itgrewdarker,itbecamecolder.

__________hearrivedhome,itwasjustnineo'clock.

__________hewasinLondon,hestudiedmusic.

Iwaswalkingintheforest_________alionappearedinfrontofme.

1．until,not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。

肯定句：

Iwaiteduntilmidnight.

否定句：

Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.

注意：

1）notuntil…在句首，主句用___________结构。

eg:

Notuntilyouhadexplainedtheproblem___________understandit.

AhadIBIhadCdidIDIdid

2）Itisnotuntil…__________…引导的___________结构

Itwasnotuntilitwasdark___________hecameback.

3.theminute,themoment,eachtime都可表示“一```就```”

eg:

Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.

注意：

theminute,themoment,each（every,next,thefirst）time作连词不和when连用。

4．Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas表示为“一```就```”

eg:

ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.

注意：

Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than位于句首，主句用倒装

eg:

NosoonerhadIgothomethanmytelephonerang.

Hardly/scarcely___________homewhenitbegantorain.

AdidIgetBhadIgotCgotIDIdidget

2．地点状语从句

3．常用引导词：

where

4．特殊引导词：

wherever,anywhere,everywhere

5．Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.

6．Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.

7．

8．原因状语从句

9．常用引导词：

because,since,as,since

10．特殊引导词：

seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat, 

11．MyfriendsdislikemebecauseI’mhandsomeandsuccessful.

12．Nowthateverybodyhascome,let’sbeginourconference.

13．Thehigherincometaxisharmfulinthatitmaydiscouragepeoplefromtryingtoearnmore.

14．Consideringthatheisnomorethan12yearsold,hisheightof1.80misquiteremarkable.

15．

16．目的状语从句

17．常用引导词：

sothat,inorderthat

18．特殊引导词：

lest,incase,forfearthat，inthehopethat,forthepurposethat,totheendthat

19．Thebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.

20．Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.

21．

22．结果状语从句

23．常用引导词：

so…that,so…that,such…that,

24．特殊引导词：

suchthat,tothedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethat,

25．Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.

26．It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.

27．Tosuchandegreewasheexcitedthathecouldn’tsleeplastnight.

28．

29．条件状语从句

30．常用引导词：

if,unless,

31．特殊引导词：

as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposethat,incasethat,onconditionthat

32．We’llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.

33．Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.

34．Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.

35．

36．让步状语从句

37．常用引导词：

though,although,evenif,eventhough

38．特殊引导词：

as（用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装），while（一般用在句首），nomatter…，inspiteofthefactthat,while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever

39．_________________,Ican’tagreetohisproposal.

40．AAsIrespecthimmuchBDidIrespecthimmuch

CMuchasIrespecthimDHadIrespecthimmuch

Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.

Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.

Hewon’tlistenwhateveryoumaysay.

Whatever/nomatterwhat的区别：

Whatever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。

引导名词性从句（主、宾、表、同）

Nomatterwhat只能引导让步状语从句。

（常放在句首）

_____________________________,Iwillsticktomyopinion.

Idon'tcareabout_____________________otherssaid.

41．比较状语从句

42．常用引导词：

as（同级比较）,than（不同程度的比较）

43．特殊引导词：

themore…themore…;justas…，so…;AistoBwhat/asXistoY;no…morethan;

notAsomuchasB

Sheisasbad-temperedashermother.

Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.

Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.

Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。

44．方式状语从句

45．常用引导词：

as,asif,how

46．特殊引导词：

theway

47．WheninRome,doastheRomando.

48．Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.

49．Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.

 状语从句的简化

♠状语从句的省略（在时间，条件，方式，让步状语从句中）

状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:

①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。

从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。

例如：

When（themuseumis）completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.

He’llgototheseasideforhisholidayif（itis）possible.

Theconcertwasagreatsuccessthan（itwas）expected.

Hewon'tgotherewithusunless________.

AtoinvitehimBinvitinghimCinvitedDbeinginvited

注意:

当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。

例如:

判断正误：

whengivenmoreattention,thetreeswillgrowbetter.

whengivenmoreattention,wecanmakethetreesgrowbetter

Withthetreesgivenmoreattention,wecanmakethetreesgrowbetter.

when__________,theprojectwillbecompletedaheadoftime.

AhavingmoretimeBgivingmoretimeCwehavingmoretimeDwearegivenmoretime

巩固练习

1.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen______hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.

A.which　　　          B.when　　　             C.sothat　　              D.asif

2.Iwouldappreciateit________youcallbackthisafternoonforthedoctor’sappointment.

A.until                         B.if                             C.when                       D.that

3.AsfarasIamconcerned，educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn，________.

A.themoreforlifeareyouequipped     B.themoreequippedforlifeyouare

C.themorelifeyouareequippedfor     D.youareequippedthemoreforlife

4.Afterthewar，anewschoolbuildingwasputup________therehadoncebeenatheatre.

A.that                          B.where                      C.which                      D.when

5.—IsMr.Smithintheoffice?

—Yes，________heisinchargeoftheoffice，hemustbethere.

A.since                        B.however                   C.whether                   D.for

6.Asyourgoodfriend,Iwilldo________helpyou.

A.thatIcanto        B.whatIcanto     C.allthatIcan            D.whatIcan

7.Johnmayphonetonight.Idon’twanttogoout________hephones.

A.aslongas            B.inorderto       C.incase              D.sothat

8.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight，buttheyhungup________Icouldanswerthephone.

A.as                     B.since           C.until                           D.before

9.—Don’tlookdownuponBob.Hehashisownadvantages.

—Oh,yes.________othersareweak,heisstrong.

A.If                       B.When          C.Where                D.Though

10.Itistenyears________hesmoked.

A.that                      B.when           C.since                D.while

11.Wemusthurryup________catchupwiththelasttrain.

A.that                      B.sothatto       C.inorderthat             D.inorderto

12.Nomatter________harditmaybe，Iwillcarryitout.

A.what                  B.whatever       C.how                    D.however

13.________youmaydo，youmustdoitwell.

A.Which                   B.Whenever       C.Whatever                D.When

14.—AreyouthinkingaboutgoingtoNewYorkfortheholiday?

—No.ButifI________thetime，Iwoulddefinitelygo.

A.have                       B.had          C.havehad                  D.wouldhave

15.________youaresoweak，you’dbetterstayathome.

A.Since                   B.For          C.Because                   D.Though

16.EnglishandFrencharetaughthere.Youcanchoose________youlike.

A.nomatterwhich          B.whichever     C.which            D.whatever

17.IsawMr.SmithlastSunday.Wehadnotseeneachother________IleftLondon.

A.as                   B.before         C.since                   D.till

18.I’llbebackbeforeyou________.

A.willl