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目的论视角下的商务口译策略研究
学号:
NORTHCHINAUNIVERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY
毕业论文
GRADUATETHESIS
论文题目:
目的论视角下的商务口译策略研究
学生姓名:
专业班级:
11英语2班
学院:
外国语学院
指导教师:
2015年05月21日
StrategiesinBusinessInterpretationfromthePerspectiveofSkoposTheory
By
Agraduatethesis
submittedinpartialfulfillmentoftherequirements
forthedegreeofBachelorofArtstothe
CollegeofForeignLanguages
NorthChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology
May21st,2015
摘要
随着世界范围内文化互动的日益频繁,各种形式翻译的重要性日益凸显。
作为双边口语交际活动的口译,成为我国对外交流和国际交往的桥梁和纽带。
在国际口译界,口译根据其服务对象和工作的实际情况分为不同类型,其中商务口译,又称谈判口译,是侧重在企事业单位或组织团体内部,以会谈、业务谈判、商贸和技术交流等特定工作为主的专业口译。
商务谈判是跨国商务合作的重要环节,是贸易双方消除分歧、互信互利的重要手段。
因此商务口译的准确与否成为谈判能否成功的重要因素之一。
我国每年都有上万次经贸洽谈会、招商引资会和商品交易会,需要大量精通外语和商务知识的外语口译人才。
在这一背景下,如何避免语用错误,提高商务谈判效率成为亟待解决的一大课题。
德国功能派的奠基理论目的论认为,行动皆有目的。
翻译活动的目的决定预期目标的策略,决定整个翻译行为的过程,即“目的决定手段”,简言之,翻译策略必须根据翻译目的来确定。
本文以“目的论”为理论基础探讨商务英语中的口译策略。
全文由六部分组成:
第一部分介绍本文的研究背景、研究目的和研究意义。
第二部分文献综述。
第三部分为理论框架。
该部分将详细介绍目的论的基本内容:
概念,发展历程,翻译标准,翻译要求和以目的原则、连贯性法则和忠实性法则为内容的三大法则。
第四部分介绍商务口译的特点和商务口译的目的。
第五部分是本文的核心章节。
本部分将结合目的论,举用大量实例详细分析在商务口译中的过程中采取不同策略的原因及其必要性,包括在商务谈判的目的和商务口译的程序上,并在目的论指导下提出几种重要的商务口译策略。
第六部分总结全文。
关键词谈判;目的论;商务口译;策略选择
ABSTRACT
Withtheculturalinteractionbetweencountriesbecomingmoreandmorefrequent,variousformsoftranslationbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Interpreting,abilaterallyoralcommunicativeactivity,turnsintothebridgeandthelinkofforeignexchangeandinternationalassociationbetweenChinaandothercountries.Intheworldofinterpreting,interpretationcanbedividedintodifferenttypesaccordingtotheactualsituationoftheserviceobjectsandthework.BusinessInterpreting,alsocallednegotiationinterpretation(In-houseInterpreting),isakindofprofessionalinterpretingthatfocusesonsomecertainworksuchastalks,businessnegotiations,tradeandtechnologyexchangesinenterprisesandinstitutionsororganizations.Businessnegotiationisanimportantlinkininternationalbusinesscooperation,andalsoanimportantmeansofboth commercial sidessettlingdifferencesandachievingmutualbenefitandtrust.Sotheaccuracyofthebusinessinterpretingisoneofthekeyfactorsthatdecidenegotiationtoasuccess.Therearetensofthousandsofeconomicandtradefairactivities,investmentattractionmeetingsandcommoditiesfairseveryyearinChina,soalotofinterpretersthatareproficientinforeignlanguagesandbusinessknowledgeareinaurgentneed.Inthisbackground,howtoavoidpragmaticerrors,aswellimprovetheefficiencyofbusinessnegotiationbecomeabigissuetoberesolved.
SkoposTheoryindicatesthateverytranslationactionhasitsownintendedpurpose.Thepurposeoftranslationdecidesthetargetstrategies,decidestheprocessofthewholetranslationbehaviors,namely"purposedecidesmeans".Inshort,translationstrategiesmustbedeterminedbythepurposeoftranslation.
ThispaperexploresinterpretingstrategiesinbusinessEnglishbasedontheskopostheory.Thisthesiscontainssixparts.Thefirstpartservesasanintroduction,whichpresentsthebackground,thepurposeandsignificationofthisstudy.Thesecondpartisliteraturereview.Thethirdpartistheoreticalframework.ThispartdescribesthebasiccontentofSkopostheoryindetail:
theconcept,developmenthistory,translationcriteria,requirementsandthreeguidingrulesincludingtheSkoposrule,theCoherenceruleandtheFidelityrule.Theforthpartintroducesthecharacteristicsandthepurposeofinterpreting.Thefifthpartisthecorechapterofthisthesis.ThissectionprobesintothedecisivefactorsforinterpretingstrategiesandsomeimportantbusinessinterpretingstrategiesareputforwardundertheguidanceofSkoposTheory.Thelastpartofisaconclusionsummarizingthestudy.
Keywordsnegotiations;SkoposTheory;businessinterpreting;strategychoice
CONTENTS
Chapter1Introduction
1.1ResearchBackground
Withthedevelopmentofglobaleconomyandtheincreaseofcommunication,tradecooperationbetweenChinaandtheworldareincreasinglyfrequent.Internationalbusinessnegotiationisthefoundationofinternationaltradecontractsigning,anditdirectlyaffectsthe signingandimplementationofthe contract,andisalsorelatedtotheeconomicinterestsofbothsides.Duetobothsidesbelongtodifferentcountriesandregions,theynotonlyhavedifficultiesinlanguageandtextcommunication,indifferentsocialsystem,politicalsystem,legalsystem,economicsystemandtradepractices,butalsoindifferentculturalbackground,values,religiousbeliefsandsocialcustoms.ThisrequirestheinterpreternotonlytoidentifyandunderstanddifferentaccentsofEnglish,andtohaverichknowledgeofbusinessnegotiation,knowledgeofcross-culturalcommunicationandknowledgeofpragmatics.In formalinternationalbusinessnegotiations,negotiator'snegotiatingstylesdiffer fromeachotherin a thousandways,whichneedtobeaccuratelytransmittedandexpressedbytheinterpreters.Asa"lubricant"ininternationalbusinessnegotiations,theinterpretershaveabigchallengethathowtoavoidtheunnecessarymisunderstandingcausedbypragmaticerrorsandto facilitate reaching an agreement andtoachievetheexpectedresult.
Beforestudyinginterpretingskills,let'stalkaboutwhatthenegotiationis.Theword"negotiation"hasalonghistory.Sotospeak,sincethehumansocietywasestablished,negotiationoccurredinallaspectsofhumanactivities.Negotiationsareeverywhere,inpolitics,culture,education,marriage,family,socialeconomicactivities,andevenindailylife.Ineconomicactivities,thedevelopingcountriesintroducingtheforeigncapital,absorbingforeignadvancedtechnology,ornegotiatingwiththedevelopedcountries,theyneedtocommunicatetheirideastodecidethefinalopinion.
Today,economicactivitylinksbecomingincreasinglyclose,eachinternationalbusinessnegotiatorshouldbefullypreparedforbusinessnegotiationwithinterpretationskillsinforeignbusinessnegotiations.Onlybythis,bothsidescanachievecompromiseandwin-wingoalintheprocessofbusinessnegotiation.Learntoenhancestrength,toovercometheweakness,toformreasonablebusinessnegotiation interpreting killsandavoidconflicts,wewillgetthefinalsuccessinthenegotiations.
1.2ThePurposeofTheResearch
Undertheguidanceoffunctionaltranslationskopostheory,thepurposeofthispaperisto,bydiscussingthecharacteristicsanddifficultiesofbusinessinterpreting,combinetheflexibilityoftheskopostheorywiththerigorofinterpreting.Analyze thereasonwhyto adoptdifferentstrategiesintheprocessofinterpretation,thustomaketheinterpretatorsunderstandinterpretingtheory,andonthebasisofthis,theauthorproposesthecorrespondinginterpretingstrategiesandskills,inordertoachievethepurposeofbusinessnegotiations.
1.3DataCollectionandMethodology
Theappliedmaterialssuchasdataforcurrentstudy,arecollectednotonlyfrompublishedjournalsandbooksoninterpreting,butalsofromsomeinformationontheInternet.
Theresearchmethodsofdocumentaryresearchandsummarizingareadoptedinthestudy.Accordingtotheconceptionandtheresearchdirectionofthispaper,theauthorreadrelatedbooks,soastocomprehensivelyandcorrectlyunderstandtheinterpretation.Theninduct,reorganizeandanalyzeeachkindofinformationandfinallycompetethepaper.
1.4OrganizationoftheThesis
Thisthesiscontainsfiveparts.:
Thefirstpartservesasanintroductiontotheresearchobject,whichpresentsthebackground,thepurposeandsignificationofthisstudy.
Thesecondpartisliteraturereview.
Thethirdpartistheoreticalframework.ThispartdescribesthebasiccontentofSkopostheoryindetail:
theconcept,developmenthistory,translationcriteria,requirementsandthreeguidingrulesincludingtheSkoposrule,theCoherenceruleandtheFidelityrule.
Theforthpartintroducesthecharacteristicsandthepurposeofinterpreting.
Thefifthpartisthecorechapterofthisthesis.ThissectionprobesintothedecisivefactorsforinterpretingstrategiesandsomeimportantbusinessinterpretingstrategiesareputforwardundertheguidanceofSkoposTheory.
Thelastpartisaconclusionsummarizingthestudy.
Chapter2LiteratureReview
2.1PreviousResearchonInterpreting
Businessinterpretationisinteractivecommunication,andtheparticipantsallintendtocooperatewitheachotherandachievethewin-winobject.Beforewehaveathroughdiscussionofthebusinessconsecutiveinterpretationweshouldlookbacktoseethehistoryoftheinterpretation.
TheinterpretationbecametheprofessionalcareeronthestageofhistorybeganaroundtheendoftheFirstWorldWar.FortheformerlanguageofdiplomacyFrenchwasnottheuniqueone,andtheinternationalcommunicationwasalsoincreasing.TheParisPeaceConferenceheldin1919wasconsideredtobetheturningpointofthemoderninterpretation.IntheyearsaftertheSecondWorldWar,therewasaincreasingdemandofinterpreter,andtheestablishmentoftheUnitedNations,EuropeanUnionandmanyotherinternationalorganizationalsoenforcetheneedoftheprofessionaltraininginterpreter.
Aftertheexecutionoftheopen-uppolicyofChina,theincreasedchanceoftheinternationalcooperationenforcesthedemandoftheprofessionalbusinessinterpreter.Butthesystematiccooperationresearchoftheinterpreterpracticetowardthefieldofthebusinessislimited.Sofar,therehavebeenmanyresearchesanalyzingstrategiesinbusinessinterpretationfromdifferentperspectives,whichincludestheperspectiveofrelevancetheory,theperspectiveofreputationtheory,theperspectiveofinterpretivetheoryandsoon.