运营管理课后习题答案供参考.docx
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运营管理课后习题答案供参考
Chapter02-Competitiveness,Strategy,andProductivity
3.
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
（5）
（6）
（7）
Week
Output
WorkerCost@
$12x40
OverheadCost@
MaterialCost@$6
TotalCost
MFP
（2）÷（6）
1
30,000
2,880
4,320
2,700
9,900
2
33,600
3,360
5,040
2,820
11,220
3
32,200
3,360
5,040
2,760
11,160
4
35,400
3,840
5,760
2,880
12,480
*refertosolvedproblem#2
Multifactorproductivitydroppedsteadilyfromahighoftoabout.
4.a.Before:
80÷5=16cartsperworkerperhour.
After:
84÷4=21cartsperworkerperhour.
b.Before:
（$10x5=$50）+$40=$90;hence80÷$90=.89carts/$1.
After:
（$10x4=$40）+$50=$90;hence84÷$90=.93carts/$1.
c.Laborproductivityincreasedby%（（21-16）/16）.
Multifactorproductivityincreasedby%（（./.89）.
*MachineProductivity
Before:
80÷40=2carts/$1.
After:
84÷50=carts/$1.
Productivityincreasedby-16%（/2）
Chapter03-ProductandServiceDesign
6.StepsforMakingCashWithdrawalfromanATM
1.InsertCard:
MagneticStripShouldbeFacingDown
2.WatchScreenforInstructions
3.SelectTransactionOptions:
1）Deposit
2）Withdrawal
3）Transfer
4）Other
4.EnterInformation:
1）PINNumber
2）SelectaTransactionandAccount
3）EnterAmountofTransaction
5.Deposit/Withdrawal:
1）Deposit—placeinanenvelope（whichyou’llfindnearorintheATM）andinsertitintothedepositslot
2）Withdrawal—liftthe“WithdrawalDoor,”beingcarefultoremoveallcash
6.Removecardandreceipt（whichservesasthetransactionrecord）
8.
Technical
Requirements
Ingredients
Handling
Preparation
CustomerRequirements
Taste
√
√
Appearance
√
√
√
Texture/consistency
√
√
Chapter04-StrategicCapacityPlanningforProductsandServices
2.
Actualoutput=.8（Effectivecapacity）
Effectivecapacity=.5（Designcapacity）
Actualoutput=（.5）（.8）（Effectivecapacity）
Actualoutput=（.4）（Designcapacity）
Actualoutput=8jobs
Utilization=.4
10.a.Given:
10hrs.or600min.ofoperatingtimeperday.
250daysx600min.=150,000min.peryearoperatingtime.
Totalprocessingtimebymachine
Product
A
B
C
1
48,000
64,000
32,000
2
48,000
48,000
36,000
3
30,000
36,000
24,000
4
60,000
60,000
30,000
Total
186,000
208,000
122,000
Youwouldhavetobuytwo“A”machinesatatotalcostof$80,000,ortwo“B”machinesatatotalcostof$60,000,orone“C”machineat$80,000.
b.Totalcostforeachtypeofmachine:
A
（2）:
186,000min÷60=3,100hrs.x$10=$31,000+$80,000=$111,000
B
（2）:
208,000÷60=3,hrs.x$11=$38,133+$60,000=$98,133
C
（1）:
122,000÷60=2,hrs.x$12=$24,400+$80,000=$104,400
Buy2Bs—thesehavethelowesttotalcost.
Chapter05-ProcessSelectionandFacilityLayout
3.
Desiredoutput=4
Operatingtime=56minutes
Task
#ofFollowingtasks
PositionalWeight
A
4
23
B
3
20
C
2
18
D
3
25
E
2
18
F
4
29
G
3
24
H
1
14
I
0
5
a.Firstrule:
mostfollowers.Secondrule:
largestpositionalweight.
AssemblyLineBalancingTable（CT=14）
WorkStation
Task
TaskTime
TimeRemaining
FeasibletasksRemaining
I
F
5
9
A,D,G
A
3
6
B,G
G
6
–
–
II
D
7
7
B,E
B
2
5
C
C
4
1
–
III
E
4
10
H
H
9
1
–
IV
I
5
9
–
b.Firstrule:
Largestpositionalweight.
AssemblyLineBalancingTable（CT=14）
WorkStation
Task
TaskTime
TimeRemaining
FeasibletasksRemaining
I
F
5
9
A,D,G
D
7
2
–
II
G
6
8
A,E
A
3
5
B,E
B
2
3
–
III
C
4
10
E
E
4
6
–
IV
H
9
5
I
I
5
–
c.
4.
a.l.
2.MinimumCt=minutes
Task
Followingtasks
a
4
b
3
c
3
d
2
e
3
f
2
g
1
h
0
WorkStation
Eligible
Assign
TimeRemaining
IdleTime
I
a
A
b,c,e,（tie）
B
C
E
II
d
D
III
f,g
F
G
IV
h
H
3.
4.
b.1.
2.Assigna,b,c,d,andetostation1:
minutes[noidletime]
Assignf,g,andhtostation2:
minutes
3.
4.
7.
1
5
4
3
8
7
6
2
Chapter06-WorkDesignandMeasurement
3.
Element
PR
OT
NT
AFjob
ST
1
.90
.46
.414
.476
2
.85
3
.83
.913
4
Total
8.
A=24+10+14=48minutesper4hours
9.
a.
Element
PR
OT
NT
A
ST
1
2
.83
.955
3
.56
.588
.676
b.
c.e=.01minutes
Chapter07-LocationPlanningandAnalysis
1.
Factor
Localbank
Steelmill
Foodwarehouse
Publicschool
1.
Convenienceforcustomers
H
L
M–H
M–H
2.
Attractivenessofbuilding
H
L
M
M–H
3.
Nearnesstorawmaterials
L
H
L
M
4.
Largeamountsofpower
L
H
L
L
5.
Pollutioncontrols
L
H
L
L
6.
Laborcostandavailability
L
M
L
L
7.
Transportationcosts
L
M–H
M–H
M
8.
Constructioncosts
M
H
M
M–H
Location（a）
Location（b）
4.
Factor
A
B
C
Weight
A
B
C
1.
BusinessServices
9
5
5
2/9
18/9
10/9
10/9
2.
CommunityServices
7
6
7
1/9
7/9
6/9
7/9
3.
RealEstateCost
3
8
7
1/9
3/9
8/9
7/9
4.
ConstructionCosts
5
6
5
2/9
10/9
12/9
10/9
5.
CostofLiving
4
7
8
1/9
4/9
7/9
8/9
6.
Taxes
5
5
5
1/9
5/9
5/9
4/9
7.
Transportation
6
7
8
1/9
6/9
7/9
8/9
Total
39
44
45
53/9
55/9
54/9
Eachfactorhasaweightof1/7.
a.
CompositeScores
39
44
45
7
7
7
BorCisthebestandAisleastdesirable.
b.
BusinessServicesandConstructionCostsbothhaveaweightof2/9;theotherfactorseachhaveaweightof1/9.
5x+2x+2x=1⇒x=1/9
c.
CompositeScores
A
B
C
53/9
55/9
54/9
BisthebestfollowedbyCandthenA.
5.
Location
x
y
A
3
7
B
8
2
C
4
6
D
4
1
E
6
4
Totals
25
20
=
∑xi
=
25
=
=
∑yi
=
20
=
n
5
n
5
Hence,thecenterofgravityisat（5,4）andthereforetheoptimallocation.
Chapter08-ManagementofQuality
1.
Checksheet
WorkType
Frequency
LubeandOil
12
Brakes
7
Tires
6
Battery
4
Transmission
1
Total
30
Pareto
2
.
Therunchartsseemstoshowapatternoferrorspossiblylinkedtobreaktimesortheendoftheshift.Perhapsworkersarebecomingfatigued.Ifso,perhapstwo10minutebreaksinthemorningandagainintheafternooninsteadofone20minutebreakcouldreducesomeerrors.Also,errorsareoccurringduringthelastfewminutesbeforenoonandtheendoftheshift,andthoseperiodsshouldalsobegivenmanagement’sattention.
4
Chapter9-QualityControl
4.
Sample
Mean
Range
1
MeanChart:
±A2
=±
2
=±
3
UCL=,LCL=
4
RangeChart:
UCL=D4
==
5
LCL=D3
=0=0
6
[Bothchartssuggesttheprocessisincontrol:
Neitherhasanypointsoutsidethelimits.]
6.n=200ControlLimits=
Thus,UCLis.0234andLCLbecomes0.
Sincen=200,thefractionrepresentedbyeachdatapointishalftheamountshown..,1defective=.005,2defectives=.01,etc.
Sample10istoolarge.
7.
Controllimits:
UCLis,LCLbecomes0.
Allvaluesarewithinthelimits.
14.LetUSL=UpperSpecificationLimit,LSL=LowerSpecificationLimit,
=Processmean,σ=Processstandarddeviation
ForprocessH:
ForprocessK:
Assumingtheminimumacceptable
is,since<,theprocessisnotcapable.
ForprocessT:
Since=,theprocessiscapable.
Chapter10-AggregatePlanningandMasterScheduling
7.a.Nobacklogsareallowed
Period
Mar.
Apr.
May
Jun.
July
Aug.
Sep.
Total
Forecast
50
44
55
60
50
40
51
350
Output
Regular
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
280
Overtime
8
8
8
8
8
3
8
51
Subcontract
2
0
3
12
2
0
0
19
Output-Forecast
0
4
–4
0
0
3
–3
Inventory
Beginning
0
0
4
0
0
0
3
Ending
0
4
0
0
0
3
0
Average
0
2
2
0
0
7
Backlog
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Costs:
Regular
3,200
3,200
3,200
3,200
3,200
3,200
3,200
22,400
Overtime
960
960
960
960
960
360
960
6,120
Subcontract
280
0
420
1,680
280
0
0
2,660
Inventory
0
20
20
0
0
15
15
70
Total
4,440
4,180
4,600
5,840
4,440
3,575
4,175
31,250
b.Levelstrategy
Period
Mar.
Apr.
May
Jun.
July
Aug.
Sep.
Total
Forecast
50
44
55
60
50
40
51
350
Output
Regular
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
280
Overtime
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
56
Subcontract
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
14
Output-Forecast
0
6
–5
–10
0
10
–1
Inventory
Beginning
0
0
6
1
0
0
1
Ending
0
6
1
0
0
1
0
Average
0
3
.5
0
.5
.5
8
Ba
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