高中英语阅读理解精选精讲07.docx

高中英语阅读理解精选精讲07.docx

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高中英语阅读理解精选精讲07

高中英语阅读理解精选精讲（七）

01

KongQiu,betterknownasConfucius,wasbornin551B.C.,intheLustateofChina.Histeachings,preservedin"Lunyu",focusedoncreatingmodelsforgoodbehaviorandsettingeducationalstandards.Hediedin479B.C.ConfucianismlaterbecametheofficialphilosophyoftheChineseempire,andwasextremelyinfluentialduringtheHan,TangandSongdynasties.

LittleisknownofConfucius'childhood."RecordsoftheHistorian",writtenbySsu-maChi’en,offersthemostdetailedaccountofConfucius'life.However,somemodemhistonansquestionitsaccuracy,regardingitasmyth,notfact.ThebooksaysthatConfuciuswasbornintoaroyalfamilywhileotherssaythatConfuciuswasbomintopoverty.Onefactisclear,though:

ConfuciuslivedduringatimeofgreattroubleinChina.

Over2,500yearsago,China'sChouEmpirebegantofallapart.WarringChinesestatescausedittobreakdown.TraditionalChinesevaluesthenbegantodecline.ConfuciussawthisasanopportunitytostrengthentheoldChinesevaluesandcustoms.Hisideaswerebasedontheprincipleof"ren"or"lovingothers"whilepracticingself-control.HebelievedthatrencouldbeputintoactionusingtheGoldenRule.TheGoldenRuleis"donotdotootherswhatyoudonotwishforyourself."

Confucius'politicalbeliefswerelikewisebasedontheconceptofself-control.Hebelievedthataleadershouldstayhumbleandtreathisfollowerswithcare.Indoingso,hewouldleadbypositiveexample.AccordingtoConfucius,leaderscouldmotivatetheirsubjectstofollowthelawbyteachingthemvirtue.

Hisphilosophyofeducationfocusedonthe"SixArts".ToConfucius,themainobjectiveofbeinganeducatorwastoteachpeopletobehonestandkind.Hetriedtoencouragepeopletobemorepolitetoeachother.

BythesecondcenturyB.C.,duringChina'sfirstHanDynasty,hisideasbecamethefoundationforthestategovernment.Today,heiswidelyconsideredoneofthemostinfluentialteachersinChinesehistory.

1.ConfuciuswouldbeMOSTlikelytoagreethatthepurposeofeducationis

A.tohaverichknowledge.B.toliveagoodmorallife.

C.togainwealthandpower.D.tolearnsixcoresubjects.

2.EachofthefollowingaffectedConfucius'ideasEXCEPT.

A.theHanDynasty.B.theChouDynasty.

C.traditionalChinesevalues.D.thewartimeexperience.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A.Confuciusledabitterlifeinhischildhood.

B.TraditionalvaluesweregonebecauseoftheendofChou.

C.Confucius'ideasinfluencedtheleadershipofthecountry.

D.Confuciusdevotedlypromotedideascontrarytotraditionalones.

4.Self-controliscentraltoConfucius'philosophybecause_________.

A.itisthebasisofthestategovernment.B.itisthefoundationoftheGoldenRule.

C.itisnecessarytobeaproductivephilosopher.D.ithelpspeoplebehumbleandsetanexample.

02

Shoppingforandchoosingclothesischallengingenough.Butimagineifyouwereunabletouseyourarmstodoanything,orusedawheelchair.

Theconditionsarerealityforfourpeoplewhobecamethe“customers”of15studentsatParsonsSchoolofDesignattheNewSchoolthisyear.Thestudentsspenttheirspringtermcreatingclothingtofittheircustomers’uniquerequirementsaspartofaclassrunbyOpenStyleLab,anonprofitorganizationwhoseaimistodesignfunctionalandfashionableclothingforpeoplewithdisabilities.

“Disabilityoverlaps（关联、一致）withaginganduniversaldesign,”saidGraceJun,thedirectoroftheprogram.“Weneedtoseeitaspartofourlifecycle.It’ssomethingthatweneedtonotonlyseefromahumanrightsstandpointbutalsoforitseconomicvalue.”

“I’malwayslookingatmebeingtheproblemandtheclothingasbeingOK,”saidKieranKern,whogetsaroundinawheelchair.WhenMs.KernapproachedOpenStyleLab,shewaslookingforacoatthatwouldbeeasytoputonwiththelimitationsofaweakerbody.Herteamcameupwithadesignwithacircularrod（杆）thatrunsthroughthecollarandallowsMs.Kerntoswingthecoatacrossherbackwithonehand.

“TheideaofhavingacoatthatseesthepartsthatmakemeasjustpartsandnotasaproblemthatIneedtosolvewasreallyliberatinginanidentitysense,”Ms.Kernsaid.“Becausegenerally,whenyouhaveadifferentbody,youdon’treallyseeyourself.”

“Ithinkthechallengesthestudentsfacedthroughoutthecoursehadalottodowiththeexchangeofideas,”Ms.Junsaid.“Theywereabletounderstandthatnotwopeoplewithadisabilityarealike.Beingabletodesignuniquelymeansyouhavetohaveacollaborative（合作）process.We’redesigningwitheachother,notfor.”

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?

A.Aging.B.Disability.C.Design.D.Theprogram.

6.Whatdidthestudentsfindchallengingacco