一般现在时和现在完成时的区别.docx
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一般现在时和现在完成时的区别
一般现在时和现在完成时的区别(初三)
一般现在时和现在完成时是初中接触较多的两种时态,两者的区别也是历年中考的热点。
一般现在时是经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
现在完成时是过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
两者在概念、构成方式、时间状语、感情色彩、用语范围、时间范围方面都有很多不同。
为了更好的区分两者,我们从这几个方面进行分析。
一、概念不同:
一般现在时表示主语经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也表示说话者的能力及自然现象。
而现在进行时表示说话时(瞬间)正在进行的动作,也表示目前或现阶段一直进行的动作。
如:
Sheoftendoesherhomeworkintheevening.
她经常在晚上做作业。
Sheisdoingherhomeworknow.
现在她正在做作业。
二、在构成方式上的不同:
一般现在时中谓语动词的构成有以下三种情况:
①be动词的一般现在时形式:
am,is,are.
②动词have的一般现在时形式:
have,has.
③其他行为动词的一般现在时形式有动词原形或第三人称单数形式。
而现在进行时中谓语动词的构成是:
am/is/are+动词的-ing形式(现在分词)。
三、时间状语不同:
一般现在时的时间状语主要有:
always,usually,often,sometimes,never,everyday,onSundays,inthemorning/afternoon/evening等;
现在进行时的时间状语主要有:
now,thesedays,thisweek,atthemoment等,有时句首有“Look!
”、“Listen!
”或“It’s+时刻”等词、句存在。
如:
Weplayfootballintheafternoon.
我们在下午踢足球。
(一般现在时)
Mymotherisreadinganewspapernow.
我妈妈正在看报纸。
(现在进行时)
四、感情色彩不同:
一般现在时往往不带任何感情色彩,语气比较肯定。
现在进行时常带有一定的感情色彩,并多与always,often等副词连用。
如:
Mr.Liworkshardinthefactory.
李先生在工厂工作努力。
(说明事实,语气比较肯定)
Mr.Liisalwaysworkinghardinthefactory.
李先生在工厂工作一直很努力。
(表示赞扬)
五、用语范围不同:
某种表示情感、意识(如want,like,know等);表示“有”的have等动词,一般不用于现在进行时,但可用于一般现在时。
如:
我现在就想回家。
误:
Iamwantingtogohomenow.
正:
Iwanttogohomenow.
他有一台电脑。
误:
Heishavingacomputer.
正:
Hehasacomputer.
六、时间范围不同:
这两种时态所表示的时间范围都可能有“过去——现在——将来”的意味,但相对而言,一般现在时持续的时间较长,甚至无限。
而现在进行时持续的时间较短,可能片刻完成。
如:
ShecomesfromShanghai.
她是上海人。
SheiscomingfromShanghai.
她正从(或即将从)上海来。
练习题:
(选择填空)
一. 般现在时.
( )1.My English teacher aboutthirtyyearsold,buthe youngerthanhereallyis.
A.is,look B.is,looks C.am,look
( )2.Jim veryhard,buthe tillalittleweakinChinese.
A.studies,is B.study,is C.doesn’t study, is
( )3.Weallknowthatthesun roundtheearth.
A.goes B.don’tgo C.doesn’tgo
( )4.There twelvemonthsinayearandJanuary first.
A.is,comes B.are,come C.are,comes
( )5.Who thekitebestofall,Jim.LucyorLily?
A.flies B.fly C.areflying
( )6. theGreatWalloneoftheplacesofgreatinterestsinChina?
A.Was B.Do C.Is
( )7. youusually toschoolwithclassmates?
A.Do,comes B.does,come C.Do,come
( )8. she home at six o’clock every mornig?
A. Do,comes B.Does.Come C.Do, come
( )9.Mymother likewatcingTV,soshe tobedveryearlyeveryevening.
A.doesn’t,go B. don’tgo C.doesn’tgoes
( )10.MrGreenusually newspapersaftersuppereveryday.
A.read B. reading C. reads
二. 一般过去式.
( )1.Thetwo inthesameclasslastyear.
A.are B.was C.were
( )2.---Where you ?
----Iwenttobuysomefoodforsupper.
( )3.Thestudentsin LiLei’s class onafarmlastweek.
A.work B.works C.worked
( )4. thatworker inashoefactoryayearago?
A.Do,work B.Did,worked C.Did,work
( )5.---Didyoufindyourpen?
----Yes,I ittwohoursago.
A.found B.find C.finded
( )6. yourmother toworklastSaturday?
A.Did,go B.Do,go C.Does,go
( )7.They notlatethedaybeforeyesterday.
A.did B.were C.are
( )8. theyawayfromschoollastOctober?
A.Did B.Were C.Do
( )9. you toschoollastSunday?
A.Did,come B.Do,come C.Were,come
( )10.What they forbreakfastlastweek?
A.were,have B.did,have C.will,have
( )11.Myfriend hishomeworkfifteenminutesago.
A.finish B.finishes C.finished
( )12.Theboys onlysubjectslastterm,butthistermthey five.
A.have,have B.had,had C.had,have
( )13.Why Ann TVlastnight?
A.didn’t,watch B.don’twatch C.doesn’twatch
( )14.Theystoppedherebecausethey thewaytothestation.
A. didn’t know B.don’t know C.will know
( )15---Where youfindyourticket?
----I itontheground.
A.did,found B.do,found C.were,find
三. 现在进行时.
( )1.Can’tyouseeUncleWangandhisfriends somemachines?
A.ismakig B.aremaking C.make
( )2.Myfather TVwithmymothernow.
A.watch B.watching C.iswatching
( )3.I’ssixo’clockintheevening,Myfamily supperatthetable.
A.eats B.iseating C.areeating
( )4. LucyandLily tospeakChinesewithMissGao.
A.Is,try B.Istrying C.Are,trying
( )5.Thedog itselfoutsidethedoor.
A.iswashing B.wash C.washes
( )6.ThestudentsinClassOne carefullytotheirEnglishteacher.
A.islistening B.islooking C.arelistening
( )7.Listen!
Thechildren intheopenair.
A.singing B.issinging C.aresinging
( )8.What’sthematter,LiLei?
I formypen.
A.amlook B. amlooking C. look
( )9.Let’sgointotheclassroom.Thebell .
A.ringing B.isringing C.isring
( )10.Themanisbadlyhurtandhe ontheroadsadly.
A.islying B.arelying C.lieing
四. 一般将来时.
( )1.Thestudents backintwohours.
A.come B.iscoming C.came
( )2.What you withyourclassmatesthisSundayafternoon?
A.are,do B.do,do C.willdo
( )3.There anEnglishpartyinourclassthisevening.
A.willhave B.aregoingtohave .C.isgoingtobe
( )4. WeiHua visittheGreatWallduringthissummerholiday?
A.Do,goingto B.Is,goingto C.Will,goingto
( )5.When they leaveforBeijing?
A.will,going .B.will,/ C.do,goingto
( )6.---Whereareyougoing?
---I theshopsforsomefruit.
A.amgoingto B.goto C.shallgoingtogoto
( )7.Whichoranges they tobuy?
A.are,going B.will,going C.do,going
( )8.Mymothersaysthatshe buymeaschoolbagbetterthanthisone.
A.is B.shall C.will
( )9.MrGreenisafraidthatJim behindtheotherstudentsafterhecomesback.
A.will fall B.willfell C.is going tofell
( )10.Thestudentsinmyclass harderthanbeforethisterm.
A.isgoingtostudy B.willgoingtostudy C.willstudy
试题与解析
( )1.Hesteppedintotheoffice, _____ downandbegantofillintheforms.
A.sitting B.tosit C.sat D. having it
( )2.Shesaidshewouldtelephonebutwe_____fromhersofar.
A. haven’t heard B.didn’t hear C. hadn’t heard D. won’t hear
( )3.WhenIgottothecinema, the film ____fortenminutes.
A. has begun B. hadbegun C. hadbeenon D. was
( )4.I’llgowithyouassoonasI____ my homework.
A. willfinish B. finish C. amfinishing D. finished
( )5.Ifit_____tomorrow,I won’t go to the cinema.
A. willrain B.rains C.israining D. rained
( )6.Sheisgoingtobeanursewhenshe up.
A. isgoingtogrow B. grows C. growing D. grew
( )7. 下列四句是“这本书我已经买了三个月了。
”的英译文,哪一种不对?
A.I have had thisbookforthreemonths.
B.I have bought thisbookforthreemonths.
C.I bought thisbookthreemonthsago.
D.It is three months sinceI bought this book.
( )8.——Comein, Peter, Iwanttoshowyousomething.
——Oh, howniceofyou!
I_____ you_____tobringmea gift.
A.never think; aregoing B.never thought; weregoing
C.didn’t think;weregoing D.had’t thought; weregoing
( )9.WhenIwasatcollegeI_____threeforeign languages, butI_____allexceptforafewwordsofeach.
A. spoke; hadforgotten B. spoke; haveforgotten
C. had spoken; hadforgotten D. had spoken;haveforgotten
( )10.Thepolicefoundthatthehouse_____andalotofthings____.
A. hasbrokeni