浅析傲慢与偏见中的女性主义.docx

浅析傲慢与偏见中的女性主义.docx

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浅析傲慢与偏见中的女性主义

Abstract

"PrideandPrejudice"isoneofAustin'smasterpieces.ThedescriptionofthefourmarriagesreflectsthereallifeofBritishsocietyatthattime.Austinalsoreflectsherfeministtendenciesinherworks,ascanbeseeninthedescriptionofmalecharactersinthisarticle.Austinalsomadegreatcontributionstothefeministresearchatthattimeandnow.Thisarticlewillstudy"PrideandPrejudice"fromtheperspectiveoffeminismandexploreAustin'sfeministideas.ObservethemaleimageinAustin'spen.TakeCollinsasanexampleandcombinethebackgroundoftheBritisheraatthattime.SummarizeAustin'sfeministspirit.

Keywords:

PrideandPrejudice,JaneAusten,Mr.Collins,Feminism.

摘要

《傲慢与偏见》是奥斯汀的代表作之一。

通过对四段婚姻的描写来体现出当时英国社会的真实生活。

奥斯汀在其作品中也体现了她的女性主义倾向，在本文对男性角色的描写就可以看出。

奥斯汀也为当时乃至现在的女性主义研究做了很大的贡献。

本文将从女性主义的视角，研究《傲慢与偏见》，探究奥斯汀的女性主义思想。

观察奥斯汀笔下的男性形象，以柯林斯为例，结合当时英国的时代背景.总结出奥斯汀的女性主义精神。

关键词：

《傲慢与偏见》,简·奥斯丁，柯林斯先生，女性主义，

Contents

Chapter1Introduction

JaneAustenhasbeenanoutstandingEnglishnovelistsincetheearly1790s.Sheauthoredsixnovels,eachputintoamovie.Throughtranslationintomanylanguages,alltheselanguageshavebeenintroducedintotherestoftheworld.JaneAustenisatruecharacterpainterandshouldbeclassifiedwiththosewhoareclosesttoShakespeareinthisregard（Austin,2001）.

JaneAustenliveinSteventon,HampshireandshewasbornonDecember16,1775.HegrewupduringtheEnlightenment.HerfatherisownedbyDeanandSteventon,twoneighboringparishesinHampshire.Shehasahappyfamily,blessingandwisdomfromparents.In1782,JaneandhersisterreceivededucationinCooper.Austinhasnoformaleducation,butshelikestoread,andhehasgainedalotofknowledgefromthebook.ThereadinghabitsofthefamilyhadagreatimpactonAustin.Nomatterwhattypeofbookshelikestoread.SheisfluentinFrench,Italian,andhasalsoreadnovelsbyFieldingandRichardson.ShehasbrowsedalmostallthebooksofSpectatorandlovesDr.Johnson'sworkandGoldsmith'sBritishHistory.Inshort,Austin'sreadingcontributedgreatlytoherwriting.Austinissaidtohavebegunwritingbeforehewastwelve."Sheknowsthatwritingastoryisaveryinterestingthing.Althoughmanypeopleknowit,shethinksitisharmless,butdonotthinkaboutit"（Austin,2001,page42）.Reasonandemotion,prideandprejudicearethefirsteditionsofhernovelsfrom1795to1797.Despiteseveralfailedattempts,hernovel,ReasonandEmotion,waspublishedforthefirsttime.Afewyearsbeforehisdeath，thisgavehermotivationtoreviseherearlyworkandrestartwritingafteranintervalofthreetofouryears.

Theauthor'scharacteristicsareusuallyimportantforhiswork.JaneAusten'slifewasrelativelystable,withlittlechangeandnomajorcrisis.Duringtheincident,herlifewassimplybarren（Austin,2001）.Sheisaveryattractivewoman.AnotherhighlightofAustinishiskeenobservation.Herlivingenvironmentandgrowingenvironmentareonlyrural,whichhasbecomealimitationofhercreation.Butsheisverycarefulandunderstandsthedetailsoflife,wecanalsoseethisinherworks.

Austinwasdifferentfromotherwriters,whenwarwasthetimewhenGothicnovelsprevailed.ButAustindeliberatelyavoidedmakinganimpact,exaggeratingandoverdoingit.Sheisafamousfemalewriterandaveryoutstandingpainter.Sherunscountertothenoveltrendatthetime.Hermindisfocusedonhumancharacterandmotivation,Thereisnogreatpurpose,butthereistactfulsatireandanalysis.

Herdadlikedtoreaditandrecommendedittothepublisher,buttheendresultwasnotsatisfactory.Shewasverydisappointed,sosheturnedtowritingnovels,namedPrideandPrejudice.Specifically,herpersonalroleliesbetweentheheroinewhopersuadesAnneandtheheroinewhoisarrogantandprejudiced（Southam,2002）.Shevividlyportraysmanycharacters.Heramazinguseofsatireissurprising.Elizabeth'sindependence,self-confidence,andrationalitytestifytoAustin'sfeministtendencies.

Next,IwilltakeCollinsasanexampletostudyfeminism.Collinsisatypicalmalefigureinthetext.Fromtheauthor'sdescriptionofhim,wecanalsoseetheauthor'sfeministtendencyfromtheside.

Chapter2ResearchDesign

2.1Purposeoftheresearch

Withtheendoftheindustrialrevolution,theeconomicdevelopmentoftheWestisveryfastandwecanseethesocialandeconomicorganizationshavechanged.Atthesametime,theEnlightenmentandtheFeministMovementgraduallyemerged.Notonlywasrationalismaccepted,butfeminismwasgraduallyacceptedbythepublic.Inpatriarchalsociety,women'sconsciousnessisbeginningtoattractattention.Womenalsorecognizetheirownself-worthandarefreedfromoppressionandrebirth.

Thousandsofyearsofhumancivilizationarealmostoccupiedbyamale-dominatedsocietythatusingmale’svision,ideasandprinciplestolooktheworld.Rousseauoncereferedthatthewoman’seducation,throughtheirlife,shouldbescheduledaccordingtotherelativerelationshipbetweenmen.Womenshouldmakemensatisfyandgivecontributiontomen,withtheirloveandshowtheirrespect,caterandtakecareofmen,anditistheirdutytomakemencomfortableandmakeman'slivessweetandhappy.InRousseau’book,itiseasiertofindthatwomenweredeeplycontrolandinfluencedbymenineveryaspect.Womendonothaveunattachedlife.Withtheadvancementofsocietyandtheriseoffeminism,manyfemalewritersbegantousewordstosatirizeandcriticizemalerule,expressdissatisfactionandinjustice.

Attheendof18th,JaneAustenbecameaworld-famousBritishrealistliterarygiant.Inherwork,PrideandPrejudice,sheshapedtheimageofElizabethasaherowithgreatsuccessful.Elizabethhas independentspiritandsheisnotaman'sfoilandvassal,norisitmaledesire.Theobjectistoshowahighdegreeofself-confidenceandindependence-sharplyrevealingthephenomenonofmenbeinginferiortowomeninBritishsocietyfromtheperspectiveofwomen,encouragingwoman’spursuitofequality,seekingwaystobetraythepatriarchalsocietyanddevelopingFemaleawareness.

InPrideandPrejudice,JaneAusten,withheruniqueperspective,portrayingthesituationofBritishmaleesteemandhumilityinthatspecialtime.Sheventedherdissatisfactionandcritiquedmaledomination.Thisbookhasaprofoundimpact,thefuturegenerationsstillpraiseAustenforshedevotingherselftoadvancethefreeandequalgenderconsciousness.

2.2Significanceoftheresearch

Thisnovelpublishedin1813andwasJaneAusten‘searliestworks.Butforaquitelongtime,noonehasnoticedthisgiantbook.Somereviews,especiallytheoneslivingbefore20th,suggestedthereasonwastheworlddescribedinthenovelwassolimitedandtheauthordidnotshowthetrueandfull-scaleofeverydaylife.Till20thcentury,theideaoffeminismbegantodeveloprapidly,moreandmorecriticsfoundthisnovelcriticizingthesocietyandregardedAustinasarebelfeministwriter.Thethemeexposedthetruepositionofwomananddescribedthediscriminationandunfairwomenhadinthepatriarchalsociety.RebeccaWestbelievedJaneAustenhad“veryfeministconscious"andpraisedherintheprefaceofthenovel.Thediscussionwith"strongemotionsandboldideas"wassouniqueandimpressed.SomemalecriticshavecriticizedJane'sworkbecausesheistoofeminine.However,itisthisfeminineworkthatrejectstheprejudiceagainstwomeninpatriarchalsociety.Inthe18thcentury，MiltonandRousseaurepresentedastheman'sidolsanddeclaredwomanthattheyattractingmenbyusingtheircomplianceandimperfection.Theenlightenmentrationalitycontributedthedevelopmentoffeminist,buttheydonotrequirethechangeofwomen'sstatusinthelawandtheconstitution.Theyjustwanttouserationalargumentstorefutetheprejudiceofmen.JaneAusten'sPrideandPrejudicefullyshowsThesadlifeofthemiddleclassinoneperiodreflectedthetemperament,role,andstatusofwomenatthattime,andrevealedthephenomenonofmenbeinginferiortowomeninBritishsociety.Inthe18th-19thcentury,theeraofpatriarchalculturedominatingtheworldcanbesaidtobethereflectionoftheemergenceoffeministconsciousness,givingthefoundationofthelaterfeministmovement.Today,asfemaleculturedevelopsdeeperintotheworld,thestudyoffeminisminarroganceandprejudicestillhasthepracticalsignificanceof"gratitudeforthesourceofbenefit".

2.3Researchapproaches

ThisarticlewillexamineJaneAusten'sfeministtendencies.IwillanalyzeAustin'slifeandeducationalbackground.Onthebasisofstudyingtheanalysisathomeandabroad,IwillanalyzeCollins'characterstatusinthetext,reflectingtheuglinessofthemalesocietyfromtheside.ItfollowsthatAustinisafeminist.

Chapter3IntroductiontoFeminismandApproachesofFeminist

3.1Definitionoffeminism

Enlightenmentwasthebeginningoffeminism.Patriarchyhasaprofoundinfluenceontheworld.Fromtheperspectiveofmen,womenareverylow,theirvaluesareoftendestroyed.Womenwillbeoppressedandhurtindifferentdegreesineconomy,politicsandsociety.Theanalysisoffeminismshowsthatthereasonwhywomenareinaweakpositioninpatriarchalsocietyisculturalandeconomicfactors,notbiologicalfactors.Feministshavewarnedthatifwomenaretoliberatethemselves,theyshouldcontinuetoworkandchangetheirsituation.Frenchfeministssaythatmennotonlycontroltheireconomy,theirsourceoflife,butalsotheirpsychologyandthoughts.Inaddition,patriarchyplaysdifferentrolesindifferentcountries,racesandclasses.Feministshavealongwaytogo.Whatwomensho