最新精品高中英语语法通霸3形容词和副词常考点区别用法分类专项总结归纳讲解与高考真题练习题及答案.docx
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最新精品高中英语语法通霸3形容词和副词常考点区别用法分类专项总结归纳讲解与高考真题练习题及答案
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第三章形容词和副词
形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。
而副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
何时用形容词何时用副词是许多同学搞不清楚的地方。
一些常见形容词、副词的区别也是高考的一个重点。
第1讲形容词和副词的选用
考点1.根据所作的句子成分选用形容词和副词
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子用副词,这时,副词作状语;作定语、表语和补语时一般用形容词。
可简单归结为:
形作“定表补”;副修“副句形动”(可谐音记为“付诸行动”),常做状语。
常见的使用形容词的情况:
作表语、定语、补语。
Heisacarefulboy.(作定语,用形容词)
Heiscareful.(作表语,用形容词)
Youmustkeepyoureyesclosed.(作宾语补足语,用形容词)。
常见的使用副词的情况:
修饰动词、形容词、副词和整个句子。
Hewritescarefully.Hewalksslowly.
(认真地写,慢慢地走,修饰动词用副词)
Thismaterialisenvironmentallyfriendly.
(修饰形容词用副词)
Herunsveryslowly.
(修饰副词slowly,因此very是副词)
Unfortunately,helostallofhismoney.
(修饰整个句子用副词)
Ⅰ.用括号内词的形容词或副词形式的适当形式填空,并说明为什么用这种形式。
1.Thismathproblemis_____andIcanworkitout_____.(easy)
2.Therewasa_____windlastnight,itblew_____.(strong)
3.Theboyshavea_____time,they’replaying_____.(happy)
4.The_____girlsingsvery_____.(beautiful)
5.“I’vemissedit,”Robertsaid_____.(angry)
6._____(surprising),hereturnedsafeandsound(安然无恙地)thenextmorning.
7._____(hope),hecangetonwellwithallhisclassmatesinthenewschool.
8._____,hedidn’tfailintheexam.(luck)
9.Hewas_____illandIwas_____sorryforthat.(terrible)
10.Itwas_____(extreme)coldthatdayandthemeetingwas_____(especial)important.
11.Heisan_____singerandhesings_____well.(incredible)
Ⅱ.选择括号内的形容词或副词填空。
Thehikerswerewalking(1.slow/slowly)upthemountainpath.Suddenly,theysawalargecreatureabovethem.Itlookedvery(2.strange/strangely),withalargeheadandthickblackhair.Thecreaturescreamed(尖叫)(3.loud/loudly.)Itsounded(4.horrible/horribly),likethescreamofamadperson.Thenthecreatureran(5.quick/quickly)behindarock.Whenthehikersgotthere,theysawbigfootprintsinthesnowandsomeblackhairontherocks.Thehairwasdirtyandsmelled(6.terrible/terribly).Thehikers(7.careful/carefully)tookphotos.Fromthatmomenttheystartedtofeel(8.anxious/anxiously)andtheyslept(9.bad/badly)thatnight.Whentheygotbackhome,theydeveloped(冲洗)thephotos.Therewasnothingthere,onlysnowandrocks!
Ⅲ.单项选择。
1.【1991全国】Theseorangestaste_______.
A.goodB.well
C.tobegoodD.tobewell
2. 【2006上海春】Someexpertsthinkthatlanguagelearningismuch_____forchildrenastheirtonguesaremoreflexible.
A.easyB.easier
C.easilyD.moreeasily
3.【2009福建】Itseemsthatlivinggreenis_____easyandaffordable.Asmallstepmakesabigdifference.
A.exactlyB.fortunately
C.surprisinglyD.hardly
4.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheplan?
—Ifeel_____thatweoughttogiveitupatonce.
A.strongB.stronger
C.stronglyD.itstrong
5.【1993全国】Shedoesn’tspeak_____herfriend,butherwrittenworkisexcellent.
A.aswellasB.sooftenas
C.somuchasD.asgoodas
6.【2004上海】HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot_____anativespeaker.
A.asfluentasB.morefluentthan
C.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan
7.【2006湖南】AlthoughshedidnotknowBostonwell,shemadeherway_____totheHomeCircleBuilding.(答疑qq329950885)
A.easyenoughB.enougheasy
C.easilyenoughD.enougheasily
8.【2007上海春】Nowadaystherolesofhusbandandwifearenotas_____definedasbefore,especiallywhenbothpartnersworkandearnmoneyforthefamily.
A.clearB.clearer
C.clearlyD.moreclearly
9.【2007浙江】Workgetsdone_____whenpeopledoittogether,andtherewardsarehighertoo.
A.easilyB.veryeasy
C.moreeasilyD.easier
10.【2005上海春】—Whatanicefireyouhaveinyourfireplace!
—DuringthewinterIlikemyhouse_____.
A.warmlyandcomfortably
B.warmandcomfortable
C.warmandcomfortably
D.warmlyandcomfortable
11.【2007上海春】Althoughthecountryhashadpoliticalindependenceforoveracentury,_____itneedsthesupportofitsneighbors.
A.naturallyB.economically
C.especiallyD.luckily
12._____,thethiefdidn’ttakeanythingvaluablebutmynotebook.
A. StrangeitisB.Tobestrange
C.StrangelyenoughD.Itwasstrange
考点2.形容词也作状语,但表示主语所处的状态
1.【2013上海】Thejudgesgavenohintofwhattheythought,soIlefttheroomreally________.
A.tobeworriedB.toworry
C.havingworriedD.worried
2.Theoldhostessstood_____foramomentwhenshesawabeggarappearbeforehersuddenly.
A.surprisingB.surprised
C.surprisedlyD.tosurprise
3.【2008北京】Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,_____.
A.hungryandtiredlyB.hungryandtired
C.hungrilyandtiredlyD.hungrilyandtired
4.【2009浙江】_____andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.
A.TobetriedB.Tired
C.TiringD.Beingtired
考点3.以-ly结尾的未必都是副词
下列单词以-ly结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:
lively,lonely,lovely,deadly,friendly,ugly,silly,likely,brotherly,timely等。
考点4.下列几组词,词尾有无-ly都可作副词
一些副词有副词原形和以-ly结尾两种形式。
大多数情况下,不以-ly结尾表“具体”,以-ly结尾表“抽象”。
1. close与closely
close意思是“近”;closely意思是“仔细地,密切地”。
如:
Heissittingclosetome.
Watchhimclosely.
2.late与lately
late意思是“晚”;lately意思是“最近”。
如:
Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?
3.deep与deeply
deep意思是“深”,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,“深深地”。
如:
Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.
EvenFatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.
4.high与highly
high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。
如:
Theplanewasflyinghigh.
Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.
5.wide与widely
wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是“广泛地”,“在许多地方”。
如:
Heopenedthedoorwide.
Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.
6.free与freely
free的意思是“免费的”;freely的意思是“无限制地”。
如:
Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.
Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.
5.【2002北京】Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood______tohermother.
A.closeB.closely
C.closedD.closing
6.Holdthebook______please,forIcan’tseethewordsinitclearly.
A.morecloserB.moreclosely
C.closelyD.closer
7.Althoughhewasdisabledwhenhewasonlytenyearsofage,yetheaimed______,forwhichhisclassmatesspoke______ofhim.
A.high;highB.highly;highly
C.highly;highD.high;highly
第2讲-ed形容词与-ing形容词
-ed形容词,通常说明人,意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常说明事物,意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。
Hehasafrightenedlookonhisface.他脸上带有惊恐的神情。
(他感到恐惧)
Hehasafrighteninglookonhisface.他脸上带着令人恐惧的神情。
excite使人兴奋excited感到兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的
surprise使吃惊surprised感到吃惊的surprising令人吃惊的
amaze使惊奇amazed感到惊奇的amazing令人惊奇的
embarrass使窘迫embarrassed感到窘迫的embarrassing令人窘迫的
frustrate使沮丧frustrated感到沮丧的frustrating令人沮丧的
interest使感兴趣interested感到有兴趣的interesting令人感兴趣的
thrill使兴奋thrilled感到兴奋的thrilling令人兴奋的
terrify使恐惧terrified感到恐惧的terrifying令人恐惧的
please使高兴pleased感到高兴的pleasing令人高兴的
satisfy使满意satisfied感到满意的satisfying令人满意的
frighten使害怕frightened感到害怕的frightening令人害怕的
tire使疲倦tired感到疲倦的tiring令人疲倦的
bore使厌烦bored感到厌烦的boring令人厌烦的
relax使放松relaxed感到放松的relaxing令人放松的
fascinate使神魂颠倒fascinated感到神魂颠倒的fascinating令人神魂颠倒的
annoy使恼怒annoyed感到恼怒的annoying令人恼怒的
move使感动moved感到感动的moving令人感动的
worry使忧虑worried感到忧虑的worrying令人忧虑的
confuse使困惑confused感到困惑的confusing令人困惑的
touch使感动touched感到感动的touching令人感动的
disappoint使失望disappointed感到失望的disappointing令人失望的
shock使震惊shocked感到震惊的shocking令人震惊的
puzzle使迷惑puzzled感到迷惑的puzzling令人迷惑的
练习
Ⅰ.用括号内所给动词的-ed形式或-ing形式填空。
1.Thechildrenwere_____afterthetrip.(tire)
2.Thetripwas_____.(tire)
3.The_____childrenwenttobedearlyafterthetrip.(tire)
4.The_____triplastedawholeday.(tire)
5.Thetripmadethechildren_____.(tire)
6.Thebadweathermadethetrip_____.(tire)
7.Tom’sparentsare_____athis_____resultsoftheexams.(disappoint)
8._____andangry,heleftthemeeting-room.(disappoint)
9.Itis_____thathedidn’tpasstheexamination.
(disappoint)
10.Whenhearingthe_____newsthatMichaelJacksonpassedaway,theywere_____tolookateachother.(surprise)
11.Hewas_____abouthis_____son.(worry)
12.I’mnot_____withhisinterpretationofthissentence.(satisfy)
13.Hewas_____withthe_____person.(annoy)
14.Apolicecarappearedontheroad,thethiefhada_____lookonhisface.(frighten)
15.Thesituationhereis_____andweare_____.(encourage)
16.Ifindtheshoppingvery_____.Igetvery_____insupermarkets.(bore)
17.Iam_____inscience.Ithinkit’svery_____.(interest)
18.Idon’tfindbasketball_____.Ionlyget_____whenIwatchfootball.(excite)
19.Hesaidhewas_____(please)withtheprogressofeconomy,butIfoundsomeofwhathesaidwas_____(worry).
Ⅱ.单项选择。
1.Fromhis_____voiceonthephoneIknoweverythingisgoingunderway.
A.satisfactoryB.satisfying
C.satisfiedD.satisfaction
2.【2002春】—I’mvery_____withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.
—Mm,itdoeshavea_____smell.
A.pleasant;pleased
B.pleased;pleased
C.pleasant;pleasant
D. pleased;pleasant
3.【2003北京春】Mr.Smith,_____ofthe_____speech,startedtoreadanovel.
A.tired;boringB.tiring;bored
C.tired;boredD.tiring;boring
4.【2004重庆】Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_____.
A.worriedB.toworried
C.worryingD.worry
5.Hehadneverspenta______day.
A.moreworryB.mostworrying
C.moreworryingD.moreworried
6.【2006安徽】Tomsoundsverymuch______inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.
A.intere