英文字母的发音规则.docx
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英文字母的发音规则
英文字母的發音規則
（以國中、高一L1~L4單字為例）
基本認識
1.英文為一拼音文字。
字的寫法即其發音。
2.但受時間演變及外語借入，字母漸漸無法代表其發音。
3.五個母音字母（a,e,i,o,u），發音變化較大，但仍有規則。
其他子音字母變化極小。
4.所以，只要熟悉了發音規則，背了字母之後再背音標並不須花費多大精力，甚至沒有背過的單字亦可知道其發音。
同學們切勿因剛開始學習時的一點挫折而放棄。
註：
下列的發音規則幾乎都有例外。
母音的發音規則
I.單音節單字中的a,e,i,o,u發音
1.單音節的-a-發[]。
thankthatathascatbadlastblacksplash
[][][][][][][][][]
例外：
wa-或wha-發[（h）w]。
Wangwatchwaswashwhat
[][][][][]
2.單音節的-e-發[]。
bedpenyesspellgethelpendthenend
[][][][][][][][][]
3.單音節的-i-發[]。
misssickthisspringdidpickJimhillink
[][][][][][][][][]
例外：
high
[]
4.單音節的-o-發[]。
notJohnSpotonclockhotgotsolve
[][][][][][][][]
例外：
dogsong
[][]
coldoldbothJones
[][][][]
somecomedoessonfront
[][][][][]
5.單音節的-u-發[]。
cupbussunupbutlunchrunduckhum
[][][][][][][][][]
例外：
putpull
[][]
II.重音節的a,e,i,o,u發音
6.重音節的-a-發[]。
afterfamilycalendarhappySaturdayanimalrabbit
[][][][][][][]
dancingactionparrotperhapsvocabularybattery
[][][][][][]
blacksmith
[]
例外：
manyanyfatherbasicvarious
[][][][][]
7.重音節的-e-發[]。
pencilveryelementaryelevensevenvegetable
[][][][][][]
messagecenturyplentyengineconnectionsecond
[][][][][][]
dependnecessarygeneralpretend
[][][][]
例外：
eveningPeterEnglish
[][][]
8.重音節的-i-發[]。
winterlittledinnerpicturepicnicfrisbee
[][][][][][]
signaldifficultimitateManilaimagetransmit
[][][][][][]
distancenicknameadditionalRichardinstancemiller
[][][][][][]
characteristic
[]
例外：
irontigerliondialdesignMichael
[][][][][][]
9.重音節的-o-發[]或[]或[]。
brothermotherotherMondaymonkeycover
[][][][][][]
doctorhospitaltomorrowCollins
[][][][]
impossibledropoperatecomplicatedprojectThomas
[][][][][][]
common
[]
onlysofaopenhellotokenTokyo
[][][][][][]
10.重音節的-u-發[]或[ju]。
numberstudysummerhusbandpublicfunnydusty
[][][][][][][]
studentmusiccomputernumerouspeculiar
[][][][][]
例外：
busy
[]
歸納：
若沒有下列特殊情形，五個母音字母的發音應該是
-a-
-e-
-i-
-o-
-u-
重音節
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
輕音節
[]
[]
[]
[]或[]或[]
[]或[]
III.母音+子音+e
11.a+子音+e-a-念[e]且-e不發音
nameclassmatetablelateJaneplaceateage
[][][][][][][][]
imitateoperatenickname
[][][]
例外：
have
[]
12.e+子音+e-e-念[i]且-e不發音
theseChineseeke
[][][]
13.i+子音+e-i-念[a]且-e不發音
finewriteliketimefiveninericeride
[][][][][][][][]
例外：
liveenginemachine
[][][]
14.o+子音+e-o-念[o]且-e不發音
closecokethosehomespokewrotebeforealone
[][][][][][][][]
例外：
comesome
[][]
15.u+子音+e-u-念[ju]且-e不發音
useJuneuseful
[][][]
綜合上面五點可知：
母音+子音+e也就是aeiou
[e][i][][o][ju]
[發原來字母音+子音+不發音]
V.其它
16.輕音節-age念[d]
languagemessageimage
[][][]
17.-al-念[l]
alltallwallfallsmallalwaysalthough
[][][][][][][]
例外：
talkwalk
[][]
18.-ation-念[-en]
vacation
[]
informationrecreationtransportationoccupation
[][][][]
19.-au-念[]
caughttaughtdaughter例外：
laugh
[][][][]
20.-aw-念[]sawdraw
[][]
21.-ay-念[e]
sayplaydayMondayyesterdaybirthdaytoday
[][][][][][][]
22.-ea-念[i]。
readeatpleaseJeanweakcleanreasonable
[][][][][][][]
例外：
breakgreatbreakfast
[][][]
-ear-念[r]
hearearyearnearnearly
[][][][][]
但是earlybear
[][]
23.-ee-念[i]。
sleepseethreeweektreefrisbeefifteenbee
[][][][][][][][]
24.-ere念[r]或[r]或[3]
here
[]
therewhere
[][]
were
[]
25.-ey念[]或[i]或[e]
monkeykeythey
[][][]
26.-oe-念[o]。
toe
[]
27.-oo-念[]或[u]。
goodbooklookcookstoodtookwood
[][][][][][][]
schoolroomnooncoolzootoo例外：
door
[][][][][][][]
28.-ou-念[a]
ourabouthourhousesoundouchaccountant
[][][][][][][]
outletundoubtedlyflourmountcouch
[][][][][]
例外：
youyouthyourfourenoughalthough
[][][][][][]
29.-ow-念[a]
hownowdownflowertownmeowpower
[][][][][][][]
30.-oy-念[]
boytoy
[][]
31.-ue-念[u]
blueSue
[][]
32.a,e,i,o,u五個母音字母在輕音節中都可能發[]
-a-:
breakfastsofaIndianusuallyvegetable
[][][][][]
humandialmachineManilaaccountant
[][][][][]
distancereasonableadditionalThomasinstance
[][][][][]
accordinggeneralalone
[][][]
-e-:
calendarstudentopenHelentelevisionseven
[][][][][][]
operatemarvelousbatterynumerousgeneral
[][][][][]
-i-:
familyanimalbeautifulimpossibledifficult
[][][][][]
complicatedorigin
[][]
-o-:
o'clocktodaysecondseasonlessoniron
[][][][][][]
parrotconnectionsecondmarvelousreasonable
[][][][][]
numerouscommon
[][]
-u-:
beautifuluseful
[][]
33.
ar
er
ir
or
ur
重音節
[r]
[3]
[3]
[r]
[3]
輕音節
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
1）-ar-在重音節中念[r]
arecarparkfarmarthardgardenmarvelous
[][][][][][][][]
例外：
warm
[]
但-ary念[r]
Marylibraryvocabularynecessary
[][][][]
2）-er-在重音節中念[3]
hercertainlyGerman
[][][]
3）-ir-在重音節中念[3]
birdthirtythirteenfirstthirdbirthday
[][][][][][]
4）-or-在重音節中念[r]
morningshortimportantaccordingshortenform
[][][][][][]
origin
[]
例外：
wordwork
[][]
5）-ur-在重音節中念[3]
Thursdayburnnursechurch
[][][][]
5）-ar-,-er-,-ir-,-or-,-ur-在輕音節中，都念[]。
tigernumbersummerdoctorwintercalendar
[][][][][][]
perhapspowerfamiliarTaylorpeculiarcertain
[][][][][][]
millercoverfinger
[][][]
子音的發音規則
＊大部份的子音字母都發相應的子音音標
dropsolvedependhumanoperatetokentransmit
[drp][slv][dpnd][][][][]
所以只要記以下的幾個特例，即可掌握住所有子音字母的發音了。
1.-c-或-ck-念[k]
clockcatpicniccalendarcarclosecleanpicture
[][][][][][][][]
difficultactionrecreationbasicpublicconnection
[][][][][][]
secondcomplicatedprojectclerkcharacteristic
[][][][][]
peculiarcouch
[][]
blacksickpickclocknickname
[][][][][]
2.字首的ce-念[s]
centcenturyCeltics
[][][]
字尾的-ce只念[s]就好
riceplacefaceofficeAlicedistanceinstance
[][][][][][][]
3.-ch-念[t]
chairteacherwatcheachlunchkitchenbench
[][][][][][][]
ouchRichardchurchcouch
[][][][]
例外：
schoolmachinecharacteristicChristopherMichael
[][][][][]
4.-ci-念[s;s]
pencilmedicinedancing
[][][]
5.-g-念[d]
orangeGigiageengineimageorigingeneral
[][][][][][][]
6.-j-念[d]
JoeJohnjustjuniorJimJeanproject
[][][][][][][]
7.-ng念[]
morningWangthingdoingringsingwrongaccording
[][][][][][][][]
但字中-ng-念[g]
Englishhungryfinger
[][][]
8.-nk-念[k]
thankmonkeydrinkink
[][][][]
9.-ph-念[f]
elephanttelephoneChristopher
[][][]
10.-s-念[z]
ispleaseclosehisthesethosedoeshasmusic
[][][][][][][][][]
designreasonable
[][]
11.-s-念[]
televisionusually
[][]
12.-sh-念[]
shewashtrashshortEnglishsplashshorten
[][][][][][][]
13.-th-念[]或[]
thisthatthemotherfatherbrothertheyalthough
[][][][][][][][]
thankbothwiththreethirteenthirtyblacksmith
[][][][][][][]
例外：
Thomas
[]
14.-tion-念[n]
actioninformationreacreationconnectionadditional
[][][][][]
15.-wh-念[hw]或[w]
whatwherewhywhen例外：
who
[][][][][]
16.y-念[j]
youyellowyesyearyouth
[][][][][]
17.-y念[]
studyeveryearlyanyusuallyfamilybusymany
[][][][][][][][]
funnydustynearly
[][][]
但單音節單字中-y念[a]：
mywhybytry
[][][][]
18.兩個相同子音在一起，只念一個即可。
MissBilllittleyellowofficehappy
[][][][][][]
impossibledifficultmessageparrotaccountantbattery
[][][][][][]
funnyadditionalnecessaryhillcommonaccording
[][][][][][]
occupationmillerpull
[][][]
19.下列子音字母不發音，務必要記住。
-gh-不發音。
eightnightrighthighdaughteralthough
[][][][][][]
例外：
laughenough
[][]
-tch-中-t-不發音。
watchkitchen
[][]
wr-中w-不發音。
writewrong
[][]
其它。
knowWednesdayhourdesignundoubtedly
[][][][][]
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