届二轮复习七选五阅读理解典题10篇训练 学案15页word版.docx
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届二轮复习七选五阅读理解典题10篇训练学案15页word版
2018届二轮复习七选五阅读理解典题10篇训练
【一】
Howtogetafriendback
Ifagoodfriendiskeepingtheirdistanceandyouwanttoreachouttothem,thebestapproachisopenness,honesty,andawillingnesstoacknowledgeyourfriend’sfeelings.__1__Herearesomespecificstepstogetafriendback.
__2__
Thereismostlikelyaspecificreasonfortherift(裂缝)inyourfriendship.Considerthesituationasobjectivelyasyoucan.Evenifyoufeelwrongedbyyourfriend,considerthepossibilitythatsomewherealongthelineyouhavealsohurttheminwaysthatyouweren’tawareof.
Bewareofassumptions.
Ifthereseemstobenoclearreasonforyourfriend’sdistance,don’tjumptoconclusions.Itmayhavenothingtodowithyou.__3__
Thinkaboutwhatyouwanttosayinadvance.
Ifyoufeelyouneedtoapologize,bespecificaboutwhatyou’reapologizingfor.__4__Forexample,ifyou’vebeenignoringyourfriendbecauseyou’respendingallyourtimewithanewfriend,itisn’tappropriatetoapologizeforspendingtimewiththisotherperson.Instead,talkabouthowyou’resorryyouhaven’tbeenmakingtimeforyourfriend.
Callyourfriendorasktomeet.
__5__Bodylanguagecancommunicatealotmorethanjustyourvoicesandmayhelpavoidmisunderstandings.Ifyouasktomeet,trytoavoidunclearphraseslike,“Weneedtotalk.”Thesecanputyourfriendonthedefensive.Instead,tryamoreemotionallyrootedapproachlike,“Imissyou,”or“Iwasjusthopingwecouldspendalittletimetogether.”
A.Reflectonwhathappened.
B.Talkaboutthingsthatyou’dliketochange.
C.It’sprobablybesttotalkinpersonifyoucan.
D.Yourfriendmighthavesomethingtroublingthem.
E.Makesureit’ssincere:
whatareyoureallysorryabout?
F.Bothofyoumightneedtimetoprocesswhattheotherhassaid.
G.Takeyourtime,bethoughtful,andhopefullyyoucanrepairthedamage.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。
文章介绍了如何修复一段友谊。
1.G [本空后作者列举了修复一段友谊的步骤,由此推测,作者认为要想修复一段友谊“不要着急、要深思熟虑,(按照步骤)你很有希望修复这段破损的友谊”。
]
2.A [根据本空后两处出现的consider可知,作者建议“反思发生了什么”。
]
3.D [根据本空上一句内容可知,有时候友谊破裂可能跟你没关系,“你的朋友可能自己有一些烦心事”。
]
4.E [根据本空上一句内容可知,作者建议明确自己要道歉的内容,“要确保道歉很真诚:
到底是因为什么感到抱歉”。
]
5.C [根据本段标题中的meet及本空后的Bodylanguage可知,作者建议面对面交谈,即“亲自交谈”。
]
【二】
HowtoHelpaTeenagerMakeGoodDecisions
Habituallypoordecisionmakingisactuallycommoninteenagers.Naturally,suchahabitmakesparentteencooperationdifficult,especiallywhenaparentwantshisteentodowhata“responsibleadolescent”woulddo.Apoordecisionmakingteenagercanneverrunawayfromhisresponsibilities.__16__
Distinguishrealproblemsfromactsofpure“teenagerism”.Teensoftenmakepoordecisionssimplybecausetheydon’thavetheexperiences.Bymakingsmallandharmlessmistakes,likearecentlydevelopedhabitofcarelessconsuming,ateenlearnsgooddecisionmakingskillsonhisownviaselfcorrection.__17__Don’tthinktheteenismakingbaddecisionsjusttochallengeyou.It’smorelikelyitisoutofarealinabilitytodeterminewhat’sbestforhim.
__18__Tellyourteenyouunderstandhisdecisionswhilesimplyemphasizingthatyoudon’thavetoagreewithhisdecisionsortreathisviewsasvalid.Bynotjudginghisopinions,tastes orstyle,youareopeningtheroadtobettercommunicationandproblemsolvingopportunities.
Setclearexpectations.__19__Forexample,ifyourteenrefusestostudyforhismathfinalbecause“mathispointless”,explainthatyouexpecthimtoperformwellinschool,eveninthe“pointless”classes.Becauseyou’vealreadytoleratedhisopinionwithouttryingtochangehisviewpoint,youtwocaneasilyagreethatmathisn’tsouseful,yetavoidsaying“Let’sjustgiveuponmath,then.”
Findamiddleground.Tradeinsignificantfreedoms,suchasclothingstyleforthepromisethathe’llliveuptoacademicandfamilyresponsibilities.__20__Notonlydoesgivingupabitofcontrolsolvemanyconflicts,buttheextrafreedomyougivehimcanalsoimprovehisdecisionmaking.
A.Showtolerance.
B.Learntosolveproblems.
C.Pointoutyourexpectationsandhisresponsibilities.
D.Ifyourteencouldrealizeit,allowhimtobehimself.
E.Aresponsibleadolescentmusthaverolemodelstolearnfrom.
F.Therefore,it’simportanttoguidethemwithproblemsolvingstrategies.
G.Nexttime,he’llbemorelikelytothinktwicebeforemakinghisbuyingdecision.
语篇解读:
本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何才能帮助青少年做出正确的决定。
16.选F 不擅长做决定的青少年很普遍,家长希望他们的孩子做一个有责任心的青少年应该做的事情,所以选F项“因此,用解决问题的策略引导他们很重要”。
17.选G 通过犯一些小而无害的错误,比如最近形成的粗心消费的习惯,青少年通过自我改正学到了良好的决策技能。
G项“下一次,在做出购买决定时他更可能三思”符合语境。
故选G。
18.选A 当你强调你不同意他的决定或你认为他的观点不正当时,告诉你的孩子你理解他的决定,所以A项“表现出宽容”符合语境。
故选A。
19.选C 根据本段的主题句“Setclearexpectations”及下文的例子可知,选C“指出你的期望和孩子的责任”。
20.选D 根据空前的一句可知选D项“如果你的孩子实现了他的承诺,那就允许他做他自己想做的事情”。
【三】
Gettingolder
Noonereallyknowshowandwhypeoplechangeastheygetolder.__16__Agingisacomplexandvariedprocessthatvariesinhowitaffectsdifferentpeopleandorgans.Infact,eveninoneperson,differentorgansystems“age”atdifferentrates.
Atacertainpointinourlivesourbodysystemswillbegintoweaken.__17__Itmaybecomemoredifficultforustoseeandhear.Theslowchangeofagingcausesourbodiestolosesomeoftheirabilitytobouncebackfromdiseaseandinjury.Inordertolivelonger,wehavealwaystriedtosloworstopthischangethatleadsustowardtheendofourlives.
__18__Agooddietplaysanimportantrole.Theamountandthetypeofexercisewegetareanothertwofactors.__19__Butscientistsstudyingtheagingproblemwanttoknow:
Whydopeoplegrowold?
Theyhopethatbystudyingtheagingmedicalsciencetheymaybeabletomakethelengthoflifelonger.
__20__Manyconsiderthelaterpartoflifetobethebesttimeforliving.Physicalactivitymaybecomeless,butoftenwegetbetterunderstandingoftheworldandourselves.
Whatweconsidertheoldagenowmayonlybemiddleagedsomedaysoon.Withsomanyadvancesinmedicalsciencehappeningsoquickly,lifelengthmayonedaybemeasuredincenturies,ratherthaninyears!
A.Ourlivingconditionisyetanother.
B.Manyfactorsdecideourhealth.
C.Ourstrengthmaybecomeweaker.
D.Asfordiet,peopleareadvisedtoeatlesssaltandsugar.
E.Thereisnothingtobeafraidofastheoldagecomes.
F.Symptomsincludealackofenergy,slowreactions,insomniaandpoormemory.
G.Also,notheorysufficientlyexplainsallthechangesoftheagingprocess.
语篇解读:
没有人真正知道随着人变老,人是如何变化,为什么变化,饮食、锻炼等是决定健康的因素。
许多人认为,人的后半生是人生的黄金时间,所以不要为衰老而恐惧。
16.选G 根据前一句“Noonereallyknowshowandwhypeoplechangeastheygetolder.”可知,选G项。
G项中的“thechangesoftheagingprocess”与空前一句中的“changeastheygetolder”对应。
17.选C 根据空处前的“ourbodysystemswillbegintoweaken”可知,在我们生命的某一时刻,我们的身体将开始变得衰弱;结合C项中的关键词“becomeweaker”可以判断,选C项。
18.选B 根据空后的“Agooddietplaysanimportantrole.Theamountandthetypeofexercisewegetareanothertwofactors.”可知,本段主要介绍了决定健康的几个因素,故选B项。
19.选A 根据空前的“anothertwofactors”可知,选A项,说明另一个决定健康的因素。
20.选E 根据空后的一句“Manyconsiderthelaterpartoflifetobethebesttimeforliving.”可知,许多人认为人的后半生是人生的最佳时间;据此可以判断,变老并没有什么可怕的,故E项正确。
【四】
Whilegoingthroughlifewiththepursuitofmoneyonourmind,we'reoftentoldthatmoneycan'tbuyhappiness.Butwhattruthisthereinthesaying?
Istherearelationbetweenmoneyandhappiness?
__1__
Humansareverysensitivetochange.Whenwegetarise,wereallyenjoyit.ButsomestudieshaveshownthatinNorthAmerica,additionalincomebeyond75,000dollarsayearstopsimpactingdaytodayhappiness.__2__Theyoftenendupspendingallthemoney,goingintodebt,andexperienceruinedsocialrelationships.
Sosurelymoneycan'treallybuyhappiness.Well,recentstudiessuggestthattheproblemmayactuallybeinthewaythatwespendmoney.__3__Studiesshowthatpeoplewhospendtheirmoneyonothersfeelhappier.Asforthepeoplewhospendmoneyonthemselves,theirhappinessisunchanged.
__4__Oneexperimentshowedthatinsteadofanorganizationwritingalargechecktoacharity,dividingtheamountupamongemployees,allowingthemtocontributetoacharityoftheirchoice,increasedtheirjobsatisfaction.Similarly,individualsthatspendmoneyoneachother,asopposedtothemselves,notonlyincreasejobsatisfaction,butimprovetheteamperformance.
__5__Interestingly,thespecificwaymoneyisspentonothersisn'timportant.Spendingsomethingonothersistheimportantaspectofincreasingyourhappiness.
A.Thesameprinciplehasbeentestedonteamsandorganizationsaswell.
B.Moneyhasmoreeffectonthevastmajorityofpeopleinthelongrun.
C.Insteadofbuyingthingsforyourself,trygivingsomeofittootherpeopleandseehowyoufeel.
D.Andifso,howcanweuseittoouradvantage?
E.Almosteverywherewelookintheworld,weseethatgivingmoneytoothersispositivelyrelatedtohappiness.
F.Andwhileyou'resavingupforthesegreatestexperiences,don'tforgetthedailyjoysinlife.
G.Infact,peoplewhowinalotteryoftenreportbecomingextremelyunhappy.
答案与解析
这篇文章探讨金钱和幸福的关系。
1.D 考查对上下文语境的理解。
空前的意思是:
但这个说法有何真理?
金钱和幸福之间有关连性吗?
这里选D(而若有的话,我们该如何善加利用它呢?
)与上下文一致。
2.G 考查对上下文语境的理解。
空前的意思是:
一些研究显示,在北美,一年超过75,000美元的额外收入不再影响每天的幸福。
所以这里选G(事实上,赢彩票的人往往变得极度不快乐)与上下文一致。
3.C 考查对上下文语境的理解。
空前的意思是:
不过,最近的研究认为这问题事实上可能在于我们花钱的方式上。
空后句意:
研究显示把钱花在别人身上的人感觉比较幸福。
所以这里选C(与其买东西给你自己,不如试着把一些钱分给其他人,看看你的感受如何)与上下文一致。
4.A 考查对上下文语境的理解。
空后的意思:
一项实验显示,与其公司组织写张巨额支票给慈善团体,不如把那金额在员工之间均分,让他们捐给自己选择的慈善团体,提升他们的工作满意度。
所以这里选A(同样的原理也已在团队跟公司组织中测试过)与上下文一致。
5.E 考查对上下文语境的理解。
空后句意:
有趣的是,钱以什么特定方式花在别人身上并不重要。
花些钱在别人身上是提升你幸福感的重要方面。
所以这里选E(我们在世界上探究几乎每个地方,发现给予别人金钱或礼物和幸福感是正面相关连的)与上下文一致。
【五】
Whatshouldyouthinkaboutintryingtofindyourcareer(职业)?
Youareprobablybetteratsomeschoolsubjectsthanothers.__1__Aboywhoisgoodatmathematicscanusethatinanengineeringcareer.__2__Soitisimportanttodowellatschool.Ontheo