最全雅思示意图题写作精华.docx
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最全雅思示意图题写作精华
∙Thediagrambelowshowshowawatertowerworks.
∙Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.
∙Awatertowerconsistsofalargetank(D),whichcontainswaterandwhichisraisedhighenoughabovegroundtoprovidethenecessarylevelofwaterpressureforacommunity.Thetankisconnectedtothewatersystem'sprimaryfeederpipes(C)byaverticalpipe.Drinkingwaterforatownisfirsttreatedinawatertreatmentplant(A)toremovesedimentandbacteria.Apump(B)thensendsitviatheprimaryfeederpipestothecustomers(E).Ifthecommunitydemandsmorewaterthanthepumpcansupply,thewaterflowsoutof thetanktomeettheneed.
二
∙Thediagrambelowshowshowathermosflaskworks.
∙Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.
∙Thethermosflaskisusedtokeeptheliquidsandremainthetemperature.Itsmostcommonuseistokeephotdrinks,forexamplecoffee,hotbutyoucanalsouseittokeepthingslikemilkcold.
∙ Athermosflaskisacylinder-shapedobjectbetween30and40cmhigh.Theinsideofthethermosflaskisaflaskmadeofglass.Thereisnearlynoairinsidethisglass,soitisaverypoorconductor.Inaddition,theglassissilvered,whichreducesinfraredradiation.Thisvacuumflaskissurroundedbyanothercylindermadeofmetalorplastic,whichprotectsthefragileglassinside.
∙Thetopisaplugorcap,usuallymadeofcorkorplastic,whichiscoveredbyaplasticcup.Thisistakenoffandusedtodrinktheliquidfrom.Someheatescapesfromthecapbutthespecialdesignofthethermosflaskmeansthatliquidmaintainsitstemperatureforseveralhours.
三
∙Thediagramsbelowshowsomeprinciplesofhousedesignforcoolandforwarmclimate.
∙Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.
∙Thediagramsillustratehowclimateinfluencesthedesignofhouses.Itcanbenoticedthattheroof,windowsandbuildingmaterialsofhousesincoolandwarmclimatesareconsiderablydifferent.
∙Incoolclimates,specialattentionisgiventotheuseofbuildingmaterialsthatcanstoreheat,andinsulationisusedontheoutsideofthehousetoavoidheatloss.Carefulpositioningofthebuildingandlargewindowsfacingwintersunlightalsoassisttopassivelyheatthehouse.Theroofhasanextremeangletoassistthesnowtorunoffandroofoverhangdoesnotinterferewithsunlight.
∙Housesinwarmclimatesrequiretheoppositeapproach.Insulationandreflectiveroofmaterialaimtokeepheatfromthesunout.Windowsareplacedunderawiderroofoverhangsothattheyareshadedfromdirectlightinthedayandsothatcoolernightaircanmovethroughthehousewhenthewindowsareopen.
四
∙Thediagrambelowshowshowriverspeedaffectsthepollutionintheriver.
∙Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.
∙Thediagramshowsthewaysinwhichthepollutionintheriverisaffectedbyriverspeed.
∙Intheupperstreamoftheriverwherewatermovesfast,pollutantsfrombothindustryandfarmingtendtofloatandarecarrieddownstreambytherushingriverwater.Becauseofthefastspeedatwhichthesepollutantstravelintheriver,theycannotreachthebottomandthereforebecomepartofthesiltontheriverbed.
∙Atthemouthoftheriver,however,duetothelowspeedatwhichtheytravel,pollutantsfromindustryandfarmingareforcedtodescendanddepositinthemudattheriverbottom.Pollutantsfromindustryareobviouslyheavierandthereforecanbefoundatthefarsidefromthesea,whileagriculturalpollutantsarelighterandarecarriedfurthertothepartoftherivermouthwheretheyareabsorbedbyseagrassesandbecomepartofthefoodornutrientsforthoseplants.
五
∙Thediagramsbelowshowhowhumansandplatsinteracttoproduceoxygenandcarbondioxide.
∙Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.
∙Thisdiagramillustratestheprocesswhichoccurswhenplantsandhumanbeingscreateoxygenandcarbondioxide.
∙Plantsmakeoxygenthroughaprocesscalledphotosynthesis.Todothis,plantsneedcertainelements.Firstlytheytakeinwaterthroughtheirrootsfromtheearthbelow.Secondlytheytakeincarbondioxide(CO2)fromtheairaroundthem.Apartfromthese,theyalsoneedtoabsorbsunlightfromthesunabove.Withwater,carbondioxideandair,plantsareabletoproduceoxygenthroughphotosynthesis.
∙Humansandanimalsperformanoppositeprocess.Humansandanimalstakeoxygenintotheirlungsthroughbreathing.Whenhumansandanimalsexhale,theybreatheoutcarbondioxide.
∙Inconclusion,plants,humansandanimalsprovideservicesforeachother.Humansandanimalsneedtheoxygenthatplantsproduceinordertostayalive.Whenhumansandanimalsbreatheout,theyprovidethecarbondioxidethatplantsneedinordertosurvive.
六
∙Thediagrambelowshowshowtoobtainwateroutdoors.
∙Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures.
∙Thepictureshowsasimpleapproachtogetwateroutdoors.
∙Thematerialsneededforthissetarealleasytoget.Firstly,preparetwoglasses,oneofwhichismuchlargerthantheother.Secondly,findsomegreenplantsastheresourceofwater.Thirdly,setthegreenplantsandputthesmallglassintothelargerglass,thencovertheopeningofthelargerglasswith«bigplane.Afterthat,placeapieceofplasticfilmoverthePlaneandPutsomestonesontopofthefilmtofixit.Finally,putthewholesetinthesun.Afterawhile,vaporproducedbythegreenplantsreachestheplasticfilmandchangestodrops.Thewaterdropsfinallyfillinthesmallerglass.
∙Whenweareshortofwaterintheforestorfield,thissimplesetmaybetheeasiestwayforustogetridofthirst
七
∙ThetwodiagramsbelowshowtheconstructionstructuresoftheMontBlancRoadTunnelandtheAomoriHakodateTunnel.Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.
∙Thetwopicturesshowtheconstructionstructuresoftwotunnels.Theyaredifferentinmanyaspects.
∙TheMontBlancRoadTunnelwasbuiltforcloserconnectionbetweenItalyandFrance.Itgoesthroughthemountainwhichisabout1.2kmhigh.Thetunnelisastraighttubewithatotallengthof11.6km.Andpeoplespentalmost9yearstocompletethisconstruction.
∙Bycontrast,theAomoriHakodateTunnelinJapanwasadomesticone.ItwasbuilttoconnectthecitiesofHokkaidoandHonshu.Insteadofamountain,thistunnelwasbuiltbeneathwaterarea,whichis18.52kminwidthand132metresindepth.Moreover,theconstructionisacombinationofthreestraighttubeswithatotallengthof53.85kmtofittheshapeofthewater-Reachingthedepthof240metresfromthewatersurface,thebottomofthetunnelisevendeeperthanthewatertoavoidtheveryhardstonelayer0fquartzitearound.Thisconstructiontakesworkersnearly25yearstocompleteit.
八
∙Thepicturebelowshowshowahotballoonworks.Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures.
∙Thepictureillustratestheworkingprincipleofahotballoon.
∙Ahotballoonismainlycomposedofalargeenvelope,abasketandburners.Theenvelopeisactuallyafabricballoonfilledwithair.It'smadeofgoresandpanelsasitsbody,withaparachutevalveonitstopandaskirtatitsbottom.Thebasket,wherethepassengersandpilotsstandandthepropanecylinderisset,isconnectedtotheenvelopebyseveralropes.
Thehotballoonisabletoriseintotheairbasedonasimpleprinciplethatthewarmairintheballoonislighterthanthecoolerairarounditsothatthehotballoonflies.Tokeeptheballooninflight,theairintheballoonmustbecontinuallyheatedwiththeburners.Andtheburnersjustmixpropanewithairtoproduceflametofillhotairintotheenvelope.Besides,theparachutevalveisactuallyaself-sealingflapthatallowshotairtoescapeatacontrolledrateinordertoascendordescendtheballoon,ordeflatetheballoontoland.