行为动词一般现在时的变化.docx

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行为动词一般现在时的变化.docx

行为动词一般现在时的变化

一般现在时

表一

动词

肯定

否定

be

Iam…

Youare…

He/She/Itis…

We/You/Theyare…

Iamnot…

Youarenot…

He/She/Itisnot…

We/You/Theyarenot…

行为动词

know

I/Youknow…

He/She/Itknows…

We/You/Theyknow…

I/Youdonotknow…

He/She/Itdoesnotknows…

We/You/Theydonotknow…

  表二

动词

一般疑问

简略回答

 

be

Areyou…?

Ishe…?

Arethey…?

Yes,Iam.

No,Iamnot.

Yes,weare.

No,wearenot.

Yes,heis.

No,heisnot.

Yes,theyare.

No,theyarenot.

 

行为动词

know

Doyouknow…?

Doesheknow…?

Dotheyknow…?

Yes,Ido.

No,Idonot.

Yes,wedo.

No,wedonot.

Yes,hedoes.

No,hedoesnot.

Yes,theydo.

No,theydon’t.

注:

简略式:

isnot=isn’t;arenot=aren’tdonot=don’tdoesnot=doesn’t但amnot无简略式,不能写成amn’t

 

二、动词遇到单数第三人称时的表示方法

一般现在时的句型

1.肯定句构成:

主语+动词(注意人称变化)+其它成分

Ihaveadog.Welikethelittlecat.Shesingswell.

2.否定句构成:

行为动词的否定句:

主语+助动词(do/does)+not+动词原形+其它成分

Hedosen'thaveadog.Heisn'tyoung.Wedon'tlikethelittlecat.

(借助于助动词do)Shedoesn'tsingwell.(借助于助动词does)

3.一般疑问句:

A.行为动词的一般疑问句:

助动词(do/does)+主语+动词原形+其它成分

Doyoulikeit?

Yes,Ido./No.Idon't.Doeshe(she)/itlikeit?

Yes,he(she)does./No,he(she)doesn't.

Dothey/welikeplayingbasketball?

Yes,they/wedo.No,they/wedon’t.

B.动词BE的一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+其它成分

AreyouateacherYes,Iam./No,Iamnot.

Aretheystudentsofyourschool.Yestheyare/Notheyaren,t.

4.特殊疑问句:

特殊疑问词+一般疑问句

Whatdoyoulike?

Whatdoyoudo?

Howoldareyou?

Whereareyoufrom?

Whatclassareyouin?

Howdoyouspellit?

_这里所说的行为动词,指的是除be动词、情态动词和助动词之外的全部动词。

难点

1:

主语不是第三人称单数的句子,肯定句:

主+动词+宾语;否定句:

主+don’t+动词+宾语;疑问句:

Do+主+动词+宾语?

Yes,I/they/wedo.No,I/they/wedon’t  难点

2:

如果主语是单数第三人称,情况比较复杂.肯定句:

主+动词(s)+宾语;否定句:

主+doesn’t+动词+宾语; 疑问句:

Does+主+动词+宾语?

Yes,she,he/itdoes.No,she/he/itdoesn’t/ 难点

3:

当主语为第三人称单数he,she,it时,词形有变化:

通常有三种变化:

1、多数在动词后加s 如play—plays like—likes,read-readssing-singsdance-danceslook-looks

2、以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es go—goes watch-watchesdo-does

3、以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加es  study—studies (这种变化与名词的单数变复数有点相像)

那么,什么情况下用行为动词的一般现在时呢?

当这个动作经常发生或表示习惯性的动作时,通常用一般现在时,它经常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如,当句子中有everyday,everyyear,onSunday,inthemorning,often,sometimes,usually,atoneo’clock,等词时,用一般现在时。

轻松击破:

只要记住下面的顺口溜,什么时候在动词后加S就易如反掌了。

 我老大,你老二,他,她,它是老三;我们,你们和他们,能量可是不简单。

只有老三能量低,加个S保平安。

不过不要太贪婪,does加上S减,这样一来才安全.一写出

  在一般现在时中,当主语是单数第三人称时,行为动词的形式是在词尾加-s或–es具体方法如下:

  1.一般情况下,直接加-s

   eg.works,plays,rains,sees

  2.以sh,ch,s,x或o结尾的词后加–es

   eg.washes,teaches,fixes,does,goes

  3.以辅音字母加-y结尾的,先把‘y’改成‘i’,再加-es

   eg.studies,flies,carries

  注意:

动词加-s以后的读音.

  动词加-s后的读音

  1.在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后,发清辅音/s/

  eg.helps,works,likes,hates,laughs

  2.在浊辅音和元音后,发浊辅音/z/

  eg.drives,cleans,plays

  3.在[s][z][∫][t∫][[dʒ]后,发/iz/

  rises,wishes,teaches,urges

  4.在[t][d]后,发/ts//dz/

  eg.fits,sets,needs

  5.其他情况下发[z]

  eg.plans,cries,shows

  三、一般现在时的用法:

  1、表示经常、反复发生的动作,现存的习惯或状态。

常与often,always,usually,everyday,sometimes,never,onceaday,seldom等时间状语连用。

例如:

  Iamateacher.

  WeareChinese.

  Shegoestoworkeveryday.

  Healwayshelpsothers.

  2、表示客观事实或普遍真理。

例如:

  Therearesevendaysinaweek.

  Theearthgoesroundthesun.

  Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.

  Thewaterboilsat100℃.

  Actionsspeakslouderthanwords.行动胜于言辞。

(谚语)

  3、在连词when,before,if,assoonas,until等引导的表示将来的行为的状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来的动作。

例如;

  Ifitisfinetomorrow,we’llhaveafootballmatch.

  I’llringyouupbeforeIleavetheoffice.

  WhenIfinishmyhomework,I’lltellyouastory.

  4、表示安排或计划好的未来的动作,只限于go,come,leave,start,stay,return,arrive,begin,be等动词。

例如:

  Mytrainleavesat6:

30thismorning.-

  Howlongdoyoustayhere?

  Westartat8tomorrowmorningforBeijing.

  5、表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。

  Tomstudiesveryhard.

  Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.

  ImajorinEnglish.

  6、一般现在时还可用在戏剧,电影的剧本解说,体育比赛的解说以及图片的说明等场合。

  Tomcarriestheballtotheleft.

    汤姆把球带到左方。

  Thepictureshowsushowtheybuiltthemotorwaylastyear.

这张照片给我们展示了他们去年如何建设高速公路。

1.经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用.如:

everyyear,sometimes,at5o'clock,onSunday.

Igetupatsixo'clockeveryday.

Hegetsupatsixo'clockeveryday.

Shesmokestoomuch.

Itelephonetomyparentsonceaweek.

2.表达客观真理,科学事实.如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时.

Threeandfourmakesseven.

Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.

ShenyangliesinthenorthofChina.

3.在格言或名言警句中.

Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄必败.

Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.事实用于雄辩.

4.表示现在的状态,性格,个性.

Idon'twantmore,thanks.

Heisagoodstudent.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.

一般现在时表将来

1.含有go,come,return,arrive,leave,start,begin等动词的一般现在时表将来.表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情.

Theschoolbusleavesateight.

2.在时间或条件句中.

WhenTomcomes,askhimhowtofixthetap.

I'llhelpyouassoonasIarrivethere.

3.在动词hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等后.

Ihopeshehasagoodtime.

Beforeyouleavetheroom,pleasemakesurethatthedoorisclosed.

4.时间状语从句,条件句中,从句中(常含有till,once,assoonas,

when,while,before,after,solongas,bythetime,if,incase,

unless,evenif,whether,themoment,theminute)

Eg.AssoonasIgetthere,Iwilldealwiththismatter.

Whetherheishappyisanimportantthingtoher.

5.倒装句,表示动作正在进行

Herecomestheteacher!

=Theteacheriscoming.

Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.

Herecomesthecar.=Thecariscoming.

一般现在时表过去

1."书上","报纸上"的叙述.

Thenewspapersaysthatthepresidentwillretirenextmonth.

2.叙述往事,使其生动.

Napoleon'sarmynowadvancesandthegreatbattlebegins.

一般现在时表完成

1.动词用一般现在时代替完成时:

hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember.

Eg.Ihear(=haveheard)hewillgotoParis.

Iforget(=haveforgotten)howtoreadtheword.

2.句型"Itis…since…"="Ithasbeen…since…"

Itis(=hasbeen)fiveyearssincewelastmet.

一般现在时表进行

1.句型:

Herecomes…;Theregoes…

Eg:

Look,herecomesMr.Brown.

六.注意事项

1.在英国,人们常用havegot代替have,特别在疑问句和否定句中.

2.当have如果不表示"有"时,构成疑问或否定句时,就借助于助动词do,does,don't或者doesn't.

一般现在时态练习题

1.work__works________read__reads________clean__cleans________write__writes________

2.teach_teaches_________wash___washes_______guess__guesses________watch_watches_________

3.go__goes________do__does_________

4.study__studies________fly___fiies_______cry___cries_______play__plays________

5.have__has________

  1.第三人称单数:

wash_________match_______guess______study______finish_________go________snow______carry_________

  2.写出下列动词的一般现在式:

stop______see________drive________let_______carry______keep_____join______find_______think________teach______catch______

  3.写出下列动词的现在分词形式:

stay_______begin______forget_______forget______lie________ die_______run_______prefer______give________ ring_______dance______hope_______

  一、写出下列动词第三人称单数的变化形式;

  Behavecomegostayteachwritetakestudywatchflyplay

  二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空;

  1.Thebusesuse(use)alotofoil.

  2.Eachofushas(have)strongpointsandweakpoints.

  3.Mydaughterwatches(watch)TVeveryday.Sometimesshe(see)afilmonSunday.

  4.LiWeihas(have)adaughter.Shestays___inanursery.

  5.Hermotherteaches(teach)Englishatamiddleschool.

  6.Jackoftenlistens(listen)totheradio.

 .Hesays(say)thatProf.Liissaytired.

  三、将下列句子变成否定式和一般疑问式并做可定否定回答:

1.Wegotoeveningschoolatnight. 

 2.Mybrotherworksinaradiofactory.

  3.HernameisMeiLing.

  4.Youhavearedpencilyou.

  5.Shehaslunchathome.

  6.Wehaveameetingonceaweek.

  四、单向选择

  1.TheBrowns____c____anicecarandBrown'sbrother________anicejeep.

  A.have/have B.has/has C.have/has D.has/have

  2.Iftheirhouse__b___notlikeours,what________itlooklike?

  A.is/is  B.is/does  C.does/does  D.does/is

  3.-____a____youthinkhewillcome?

-Ifit________tomorrow,hewillnotcome.

  A.Do/rainsB.Are/rains C.Do/willrainD.Are/willrain

  4.Thelittlechild____c____notevenknowthatthemoon________aroundtheearth.

  A.do/move B.do/moves C.does/moves D.did/moved

  5.Manyastudent________fondoffilms,butagoodstudentseldom________tothecinema

A.are/goes  B.is/goes  C.are/go   D.is/go

()6.__a___youhaveabook

A.DoB.AreC.IsD.Have

()7.They___c______onafarm.

A.workingB.isworkC.workD.isworked

()8.DoesPeterliketowatchTV

___b_______.

A.Yes,helikeB.No,hedoesn'tC.Yes,he'dlikeD.No,helikes

()9.Shedoesn't___d_______herhomeworkintheafternoon.

A.doingB.todoC.doesD.do

()10.How_______c_____Mr.Brown___________toAmerica

A.do,goB.is,goC.does,goD.does,goes

()11.Where'smycameraI______c______it.

A.amnotfindingB.amnotseeingC.can'tfindD.can'tlookat

()12.How____d_______hegotowork

He___________toworkbybike.

A.does;goB.do;goesC.do;goD.does;goes

()13.__c____youusuallylateforschool

No,_____________.

A.Do;IamB.Does;notC.Are;I'mnotD.Are;Iaren't

()14.__b___she_____homeatsixeveryday

A.Is,leaveB.Does,leaveC.Is,leavesD.Does,left

()15.Mr.Yang_____a_______Englishthisterm.

A.teachesourB.teachesusC.teachsusD.teachour

1.Igo(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.

2.Mikedoes(do)hishomeworkateightintheevening.

3.Hisfatheroftenreads(read)booksinthelibraryonSaturday.

4.Mymotherusuallywatches(watch)TVplaysathome.

5.Mycousinsometimesplays(play)cardswithme.

6.doyouoftenstudy(study)afterschool?

Yes,Ido.

7.MikeandTomusuallyflies(fly)kitesonSunday.

8.Theygo(go)toschool

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