Richard Phillips Feynman.docx

Richard Phillips Feynman.docx

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RichardPhillipsFeynman

RichardPhillipsFeynman （May11, 1918 – February15, 1988）wasanAmerican physicist;inthe InternationalPhoneticAlphabethissurnameisrendered[ˈfaɪnmən],thefirstsyllablesoundinglike"fine".

Contents

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∙1 Sourced

o1.1 TheValueofScience（1955）

o1.2 TheFeynmanLecturesonPhysics（1964）

o1.3 TheCharacterofPhysicalLaw（1965）

o1.4 QED :

TheStrangeTheoryofLightandMatter（1985）

o1.5 SurelyYou'reJoking,Mr.Feynman!

（1985）

o1.6 WhatDoYouCareWhatOtherPeopleThink?

（1988）

o1.7 SixEasyPieces（1995）

o1.8 TheMeaningofItAll（1999）

o1.9 ThePleasureofFindingThingsOut（1999）

∙2 Disputed

∙3 QuotationsaboutFeynman

∙4 Externallinks

[edit]Sourced

Theoldproblems,suchastherelationofscienceandreligion,arestillwithus,andIbelievepresentasdifficultdilemmasasever,buttheyarenotoftenpubliclydiscussedbecauseofthelimitationsofspecialization.

Tothosewhodonotknowmathematicsitisdifficulttogetacrossarealfeelingastothebeauty,thedeepestbeauty,ofnature...

Ourimaginationisstretchedtotheutmost,not,asinfiction,toimaginethingswhicharenotreallythere,butjusttocomprehendthosethingswhicharethere.

Noproblemistoosmallortootrivialifwecanreallydosomethingaboutit.

Scienceisthebeliefintheignoranceofexperts.

Ilearnedveryearlythedifferencebetweenknowingthenameofsomethingandknowingsomething.

▪Youcan'tsayAismadeofB

orviceversa.

Allmassisinteraction.

▪Statementtitled"Principles"（c.1950）,quotedin Genius :

TheLifeandScienceofRichardFeynman （1992）by JamesGleick

▪Inthisageofspecializationmenwhothoroughlyknowonefieldareoftenincompetenttodiscussanother.Thegreatproblemsoftherelationsbetweenoneandanotheraspectofhumanactivityhaveforthisreasonbeendiscussedlessandlessinpublic. Whenwelookatthepastgreatdebatesonthesesubjectswefeeljealousofthosetimes,forweshouldhavelikedtheexcitementofsuchargument. Theoldproblems,suchastherelationofscienceandreligion,arestillwithus,andIbelievepresentasdifficultdilemmasasever,buttheyarenotoftenpubliclydiscussedbecauseofthelimitationsofspecialization.

▪Remarksata CaltechYMCAlunchforum（2May1956）

▪Westerncivilization,itseemstome,standsbytwogreatheritages.Oneisthescientificspiritofadventure—theadventureintotheunknown,anunknownwhichmustberecognizedasbeingunknowninordertobeexplored; thedemandthattheunanswerablemysteriesoftheuniverseremainunanswered;theattitudethatallisuncertain;tosummarizeit—thehumilityoftheintellect. TheothergreatheritageisChristianethics— thebasisofactiononlove,thebrotherhoodofallmen,thevalueoftheindividual—thehumilityofthespirit.

Thesetwoheritagesarelogically,thoroughlyconsistent.Butlogicisnotall;oneneedsone'shearttofollowanidea.Ifpeoplearegoingbacktoreligion,whataretheygoingbackto?

IsthemodernchurchaplacetogivecomforttoamanwhodoubtsGod—more,onewhodisbelievesinGod?

Isthemodernchurchaplacetogivecomfortandencouragementtothevalueofsuchdoubts?

Sofar,havewenotdrawnstrengthandcomforttomaintaintheoneortheotheroftheseconsistentheritagesinawaywhichattacksthevaluesoftheother?

Isthisunavoidable?

 Howcanwedrawinspirationtosupportthesetwopillarsofwesterncivilizationsothattheymaystandtogetherinfullvigor,mutuallyunafraid?

Isthisnotthecentralproblemofourtime?

▪RemarksataCaltechYMCAlunchforum（2May1956）

▪Itdoesn'tseemtomethatthisfantasticallymarvelousuniverse,thistremendousrangeoftimeandspaceanddifferentkindsofanimals,andallthedifferentplanets,andalltheseatomswithalltheirmotions,andsoon,allthiscomplicatedthingcanmerelybeastagesothatGodcanwatchhumanbeingsstruggleforgoodandevil—whichistheviewthatreligionhas.Thestageistoobigforthedrama.

▪Statement（1959）,quotedbyJamesGleickin Genius:

TheLifeandScienceofRichardFeynman （1992）

▪OntheinfrequentoccasionswhenIhavebeencalleduponinaformalplacetoplaythebongodrums,theintroducerneverseemstofinditnecessarytomentionthatIalsodotheoreticalphysics.

▪Statementafteranintroductionmentioningthatheplayedbongodrums;MessengerLecturesatCornellUniversity（1964-5）.

▪Tothosewhodonotknowmathematicsitisdifficulttogetacrossarealfeelingastothebeauty,thedeepestbeauty,ofnature... Ifyouwanttolearnaboutnature,toappreciatenature,itisnecessarytounderstandthelanguagethatshespeaksin.

▪TheCharacterofPhysicalLaw （1965）Ch.2

▪Ourimaginationisstretchedtotheutmost,not,asinfiction,toimaginethingswhicharenotreallythere,butjusttocomprehendthosethingswhicharethere.

▪TheCharacterofPhysicalLaw （1965）

▪Donotkeepsayingtoyourself,ifyoucanpossiblyavoidit,"Buthowcanitbelikethat?

"becauseyouwillget"downthedrain,"intoablindalleyfromwhichnobodyhasyetescaped.Nobodyknowshowitcanbelikethat.

▪OntheapparentabsurditiesofQuantumbehavior,in TheCharacterofPhysicalLaw （1965）Lecture6 :

ProbabilityandUncertainty—theQuantumMechanicalviewofNature

▪Onthecontrary,it'sbecausesomeoneknows something aboutitthatwecan'ttalkaboutphysics.It'sthethingsthatnobodyknowsaboutthatwe can discuss.Wecantalkabouttheweather;wecantalkaboutsocialproblems;wecantalkaboutpsychology;wecantalkaboutinternationalfinance...soit'sthesubjectthatnobodyknowsanythingaboutthatwecanalltalkabout!

▪Statement（1965）,whentoldthatnobodyelseatthetablehewasdiningatknewanythingaboutphysicsandthustheycouldnottalkaboutit,quotedin HandbookofEconomicGrowth （2005）byPhilippeAghionandStevenN.Durlauf

▪Thechanceishighthatthetruthliesinthefashionabledirection.But,ontheoffchancethatitisinanotherdirection—adirectionobviousfromanunfashionableviewoffieldtheory—whowillfindit?

Onlysomeonewhohassacrificedhimselfbyteachinghimselfquantumelectrodynamicsfromapeculiarandunfashionablepointofview;onethathemayhavetoinventforhimself.

▪NobelLecture,（11December1965）

▪Theworthwhileproblemsaretheonesyoucanreallysolveorhelpsolve,theonesyoucanreallycontributesomethingto....Noproblemistoosmallortootrivialifwecanreallydosomethingaboutit.

▪LetterfromFeynmantoKoichiMano（3February1966）;publishedin PerfectlyReasonableDeviationsfromtheBeatenTrack :

TheLettersofRichardP.Feynman （2005）

▪Yousayyouareanamelessman.Youarenottoyourwifeandtoyourchild.Youwillnotlongremainsotoyourimmediatecolleaguesifyoucananswertheirsimplequestionswhentheycomeintoyouroffice.Youarenotnamelesstome.Donotremainnamelesstoyourself—itistoosadawaytobe.Knowyourplaceintheworldandevaluateyourselffairly,notintermsofthenaïveidealsofyourownyouth,norintermsofwhatyouerroneouslyimagineyourteacher'sidealsare.

▪LetterfromFeynmantoKoichiMano（3February1966）;publishedin PerfectlyReasonableDeviationsfromtheBeatenTrack :

TheLettersofRichardP.Feynman（2005）;alsoquotedby FreemanDyson in "WiseMan", NewYorkReviewofBooks （20October2005）

▪Scienceisthebeliefintheignoranceofexperts.

▪"WhatisScience?

",presentedatthefifteenthannualmeetingoftheNationalScienceTeachersAssociation,inNewYorkCity（1966）publishedin ThePhysicsTeacher Vol.7,issue6（1969）

▪Youcanknowthenameofabirdinallthelanguagesoftheworld,butwhenyou'refinished,you'llknowabsolutelynothingwhateveraboutthebird...Solet'slookatthebirdandseewhatit'sdoing—that'swhatcounts. Ilearnedveryearlythedifferencebetweenknowingthenameofsomethingandknowingsomething.

▪"WhatisScience?

",presentedatthefifteenthannualmeetingoftheNationalScienceTeachersAssociation,inNewYorkCity（1966）publishedin ThePhysicsTeacher Vol.7,issue6（1969）

▪ThereisonefeatureInoticethatisgenerallymissingin"cargocultscience."It'sakindofscientificintegrity,aprincipleofscientificthoughtthatcorrespondstoakindofutterhonesty—akindofleaningoverbackwards.Forexample, ifyou'redoinganexperiment,youshouldreporteverythingthatyouthinkmightmakeitinvalid—notonlywhatyouthinkisrightaboutit;othercausesthatcouldpossiblyexplainyourresults;andthingsyouthoughtofthatyou'veeliminatedbysomeotherexperiment,andhowtheyworked—tomakesuretheotherfellowcantelltheyhavebeeneliminated.

Detailsthatcouldthrowdoubtonyourinterpretationmustbegiven,ifyouknowthem.Youmustdothebestyoucan—ifyouknowanythingatallwrong,orpossiblywrong—toexplainit.Ifyoumakeatheory,forexample,andadvertiseit,orputitout,thenyoumustalsoputdownallthefactsthatdisagreewithit,aswellasthosethatagreewithit.Thereisalsoamoresubtleproblem.Whenyouhaveputalotofideastogethertomakeanelaboratetheory,youwanttomakesure,whenexplainingwhatitfits,thatthosethingsitfitsarenotjustthethingsthatgaveyoutheideaforthetheory;butthatthefinishedtheorymakessomethingelsecomeoutright,inaddition.

Insummary,theideaistotrytogive alloftheinformation tohelpotherstojudgethevalueofyourcontribution;notjusttheinformationthatleadstojudgmentinoneparticulardirectionoranother.

▪"CargoCultScience",adaptedfromacommencementaddressgivenatCalt