河北唐山玉田高考英语二轮复习阅读理解练习4.docx

河北唐山玉田高考英语二轮复习阅读理解练习4.docx

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河北唐山玉田高考英语二轮复习阅读理解练习4

唐山市玉田县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮练习（4）

[社会生活型阅读理解

（二）]

An“applepolisher”isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.Itisnotexactlyabribe（贿赂）,butisclosetoit.

Allsortsofpeopleare“applepolishers”，includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody.OliverCromwell,thegreatEnglishleader,offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty,butfailed.

Thereareotherphrasesmeaningthesamethingas“applepolishing”—“softsoaping”or“butteringup”.Agiftisjustonewayto“softsoap”somebody,orto“butterhimup”.Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery,givingsomeonehighpraise—tellinghimhowgoodhelooks,orhowwellhespeaks,orhowtalentedandwiseheis.

Endlessarethewaysofflattery.Whodoesnotlovetohearit?

Onlyanunusualmancanresistthethrillofbeingtoldhowwonderfulheis.Intruth,flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit.

Weneedittobemoresureofourselves.Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit.Butifwejustlapitupforitsgoodvalueandnourishment,asacatlapsupmilk,thenwecanstillremaintruetoourselves.

Sometimes,however,flatterywillgetyounothingfromonewhohashadtoomuchofit.Agoodexampleisthefamous12thcenturylegendofKingCanuteofDenmarkandEngland.Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers（朝臣）.Theyoverpraisedhimtotheskies,asamanoflimitlesspower.

Hedecidedtoteachthemalesson.Hetookthemtotheseashoreandsatdown.Thenheorderedthewavestostopcomingin.Thetidewastoobusytolistentohim.Thekingwassatisfied.Thismightshowhisfollowershowweakhispowerwasandhowemptytheirflatterywas.

1.Whichofthefollowingactivitieshasnothingtodowith“applepolishing”？

A．Aboytellshisgirlfriendhowprettyshelooks.

B．Anemployeetellsherbosshowgoodheisatmanagement.

C．Aknightissaidtobeoflimitlesspowerbyhisfollowers.

D．Ateacherpraisesherstudentsfortheirtalentandwisdom.

2.WhatdoesthewriterwanttoprovewithCromwell'sexample?

A．Everybodycanbean“applepolisher”．

B．Cromwellwasnotagood“applepolisher”．

C．GeorgeFoxandhispartywerenot“applepolishers”．

D．Therearepeoplewhodon'tlikebeing“applepolished”．

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutflatteryisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?

A．Toomuchflatterycancarryusaway.

B．Flatteryistooemptytodopeopleanygood.

C．Flatterycangetyounothingbutexcessive（过度的）pride.

D．Flatteryisoneofthewaystoapplepolishpeople.

4.WhydidKingCanuteofDenmarkandEnglandtakehisfollowerstotheseashore?

A．Becausehewassickofhisnormallife.

B．Becausehedislikedbeingoverpraisedanymore.

C．Becausehewantedthemtorealizehowwisehewas.

D．Becausehewantedthemtoseehowweakhewasasaking.

5.Whodoestheauthorthinkthatflatterycandogoodto?

A．Thosewhoarepoliticiansorinhighoffices.

B．Thosewholackconfidence.

C．Thosewhoarereallyexcellent.

D．Thosewhothinkhighlyofthemselves.

【参考答案解析】B

【要点综述】本文论述了现代社会存在的一种普遍现象：

人们往往为了自己的一点儿利益去送礼或者说一些阿谀奉承的话，而且有时即使这样做了也未必就能实现自己的愿望。

1．D　根据“An‘applepolisher’isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.”可知选D项。

2．A　根据第二段“Allsortsofpeopleare‘applepolishers’，includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody.OliverCromwell,thegreatEnglishleader,offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty,butfailed.”可知高层的领导者都可能是拍马屁的人，可以想象每个人都可能是这种人。

故选A项。

3．D　根据第一段“An‘applepolisher’isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.”和第三段“Agiftisjustonewayto‘softsoap’somebody,orto‘butterhimup’．Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery…”可知选D项。

4．B　根据第六段“Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers（朝臣）．”可知国王厌烦了朝臣的阿谀奉承，故选B项。

5．B　根据第四段“Intruth,flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit.”以及第五段“Weneedittobemoresureofourselves.Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit.”可知，阿谀奉承对于缺乏自信的人是有好处的。

故选B项。

[社会生活型阅读理解

（二）]

Somesayeverydaymiracles（奇迹）arepredestined（注定的）—therighttimefortheappointedmeeting.Anditcanhappenanywhere.

11yearoldKevinStephenwasabatboyforhisyoungerbrother'sLittleLeagueteaminLancaster,NewYork.ItwasanearlyeveninginlateJuly.Kevinwasstandingonthegrassawayfromtheplate,whereanotheryoungsterwaswarmingupforthenextgame.Swinginghisbatbackandforth,givingitallthepoweranelementaryschoolkidcouldgive,theboybroughtthebatbackhardandhitKevininthechest.Hisheartstopped.

WhenKevinfelltotheground,themotherofoneoftheplayersrushedoutofthestandstohisaid.PennyBrownhadn'tplannedtobetherethatday,butatthelastminute,hershift（换班）atthehospitalhadbeenchangedtoseeherson'sperformance.Shewasgiventhenightoff.Pennybentoverthesenselessboy,hisfacealreadystartingtoturnblue,andgivingCPR,breathingintohismouthandgivingchestcompressions.Andherevivedintheend.

Afterhisrecovery,hebecameavolunteerjuniorfirefighter,learningsomeoftheemergencyfirstaidtechniquesthathadsavedhislife.Hestudiedhardinschoolandwassavingmoneyforcollegebyworkingasadishwasherinalocalrestaurantinhissparetime.

Kevin,now18,wasworkinginthekitchenwhenheheardpeoplescreaming,customersinconfusion,employeesrushingtowardsatable.Hehurriedintothemainroomandsawawomanthere,herfaceturningblue,herhandsatherthroat.Shewaschoking.

QuicklyKevinsteppedbehindher,wrappedhisarmsaroundherandclaspedhishands.Then,usingskillshe'dfirstlearnedinScouts.Thefoodthatwastrappedinthewoman'sthroatwasfreed.Thecolourbegantoreturntoherface.

“Thefoodwasstuck.Icouldn'tbreathe，”shesaid.Shethoughtshewasdying.“Iwasveryfrightened.”

Whowasthewoman?

PennyBrown.

1.Theauthorwrotethepassagetoshowusthat________．

A.miraclesarepredestinedandtheycanhappenanywhere

B.whoeverhelpsyouintroublewillgetarewardoneday

C.Godwillhelpthosewhogiveothersahelpinghand

D.miracleswon'tcomewithoutanydifficultysometimes

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofKevinStephen?

A.Hewashitonthefacebyaboyandalmostlosthislife.

B.Hewasavolunteerjuniorfirefighter,teachingtheplayersfirstaidskills.

C.Heworkedparttimeinalocalrestauranttosavemoneyforcollege.

D.HesavedPennyBrownthoughhedidn'treallyknowhowtodealwithfoodchoke.

3.WhydidPennyBrownchangehershiftandwasgiventhenightoffthatnight?

A.Shewasinvitedtogivetheplayersdirections.

B.Shevolunteeredtogivemedicalservices.

C.Shewasalittleworriedabouthisson'ssafety.

D.Shecametowatchherson'sgameandcheeredhim.

4.Theunderlinedword“revived”（Paragraph3）mostlikelymeans“________”．

A.camebacktolifeB.becameworse

C.failedD.moved

5.WhenKevinknewthewomanwasPennyBrown,probablyhefirstfelt________．

A.happyB.surprisedC.sadD.worried

（二）

【要点综述】文章通过讲述两个人的互救经历来证明“奇迹是注定的，无处不在”这一观点。

1．A　主旨大意题。

文章第一段点明了本文的写作目的：

奇迹是注定的，无处不在。

下文通过具体讲述两个人的互救经历来证明这一观点。

2．C　正误判断题。

由第四段中“Hestudiedhardinschoolandwassavingmoneyforcollegebyworkingasadishwasherinalocalrestaurantinhissparetime.”可知C项表述正确，符合题意。

3．D　细节理解题。

由第三段中“…butatthelastminute,hershift（换班）atthehospitalhadbeenchangedtoseeherson'sperformance.”可知PennyBrown是为了看她儿子的比赛，为他加油，才换了班。

4．A　词义猜测题。

由前面的句子“Pennybentoverthesenselessboy…”和下一段的“Afterhisrecovery…”可以推出revive的意思为“苏醒，醒了过来”。

5．B　推理判断题。

当Kevin知道PennyBrown正是七年前挽救他生命的那个人时，他的第一感觉应该是“惊讶，意想不到”；再结合本文的写作目的：

奇迹无处不在，可以推出B项为正确答案。

[社会生活型阅读理解

（二）]

Peopleturntomagic（魔力）chieflyasaformofinsurance—thatis,theyuseitalongwithactionsthatactuallybringresults.Forexample,huntersmayuseahuntingcharm（咒语）.Buttheyalsousetheirhuntingskillsandknowledgeofanimals.Thecharmmaygivehunterstheextraconfidencetheyneedtohuntevenmoresuccessfullythantheywouldwithoutit.Iftheyshootalotofgame（猎物）,theycreditthecharmfortheirsuccess.Manyeventshappennaturallywithoutmagic.Cropsgrowwithoutit,andsickpeoplegetwellwithoutit.Butifpeopleusemagictobringagoodharvestortocureapatient,theymaybelievethemagicwasresponsible.

Peoplealsotendtoforgetmagic'sfailuresandtobeimpressedbyitssurfacesuccesses.Theymayconsidermagicsuccessfulifitappearstoworkonly10percentofthetime.Evenwhenmagicfails,peopleoftenexplainthefailurewithoutdoubtingthepowerofthemagic.Theymaysaythatthemagicianmadeamistakeinrecitingthespellorthatanothermagiciancastamorepowerfulspellagainstthemagician.

Manyanthropologists（人类学家）believethatpeoplehavefaithinmagicbecausetheyfeelaneedtobelieveinit.Peoplemayturntomagictoreducetheirfearanduncertaintyiftheyfeeltheyhavenocontrolovertheoutcomeofasituation.Forexample,farmersuseknowledgeandskillwhentheyplanttheirfields.Buttheyknowthatweather,insects,ordiseasesmightruinthecrops.Sofarmersinsomesocietiesmayalsoplantacharmorperformamagicritetoensureagoodharvest.

1.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatthewriterofthepassagemaybe________．

A.ahunterB.afarmer

C.amagicianD.ananthropologist

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?

A.MagicandHunting

B.MagicandFarming

C.WhyMagicWorks?

D.WhyPeopleBelieveinMagic?

3.Theunderlinedword“spell”（Paragraph2）mostprobablymeans“________”.

A.magicwordsB.magicevents

C.wordsorexpressionsD.magicians

4.Peopl