广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学.docx

广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学.docx

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广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学

2011年10月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学问卷

（课程代码06422）

（20%）

Fillinthefollowingblankswithaword,whoseinitialletterhasbeengiven.

1.Thetotalityoflinguisticvarietiespossessedbyanindividualconstituteshislinguisticr_______.

2.I________motivationreferstolearnerslearningthesecondlanguageforenjoymentorpleasurefromlearning.

3.Thephonetictranscription,n______transcription,isnormallyusedbyphoneticianstogiveminuteanddetaileddescriptionsofspeechsounds.

4.Thewaythatnewwordsarecoinedfromalreadyexistingwordsby“subtracting”anaffixthoughttobepartoftheoldwordiscalledb_______.

5.Themeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponentscalledsemanticf_______.

6.Inadditiontosocialchanges,oneofthemostpervasivesourcesoflanguagechangeseemstobethecontinualprocessofculturalt________acrossgenerations.

7.P______isthestudyofsoundsusedinlinguisticcommunication.

8.Whenthevocalcordsaredrawnwideaparttoletairgothroughwithoutvibration,thesoundsthusproducedarev_________.

9.Thesocialgroupthatissingledoutforanyspecialstudyisnamedasthes_______community.

10.AccordingtoN.Chomsky,c________referstotheidealuser’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguage.

11.P_____referstotherealizationoflangueinactualuse.

12.Thenotionofc_______isessentialtothepragmaticstudyoflanguage.

13.Damagetopartsoftheleftcortexbehindthecentralsulcusresultsinatypeofaphasiacalledf_____aphasia.

14.Thec__________viewofmeaningisbasedonthepresumptionthatonecanderivemeaningfromorreducemeaningtoobservablecontexts.

15.Lexicald________taskisakindofexperimentpsycholinguisticsemploytoinvestigatelexicalaccess.

16.Atheorywhichexplicitlyemploysthenotion“concept”isthesemantict________proposedbyOgdenandRichardsintheirbookTheMeaningofMeaning.

17.Clear[l]anddark[l]areallophonesofthesameonephoneme/l/.Theynevertakethesamepositioninsoundcombinations,thustheyaresaidtobeinc_________distribution.

18.Sincethereareoftenintermediateformsbetweenthetwomembersofanantonymouspair,sotheyarecalledg________antonyms.

19.S_______isconcernedwiththeinherentmeaningofthelinguisticform.

20.At_______experimentisatechniquethatisusedtostudythedeterminantsofsentenceprocessingdifficulty.

II.Multiplechoice（15%）

Choosethebestanswertothefollowingitems.

21.Changesinalanguagearechangesinthegrammarofthespeakersofthelanguage.Thismeansthatphonemes,_______,wordsandgrammaticalrulesmaybeborrowed,added,lostoraltered.

A.phrasesB.sentencesC.morphemesD.utterance

22.Theconsonant[f]inEnglishcanbecorrectlydescribedashavingthefollowingphoneticfeatures:

A.voiceless,bilabial,stopB.voiceless,labiodental,fricative

C.voiced,bilabial,stopD.voiced,labiodental,fricative

studyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalled______.

A.universallinguisticsB.commonlinguistics

C.prescriptivelinguisticsD.generallinguistics

thephrasestructurerule“S→NPVP”，thearrowcanbereadas_______.

A.isequaltoB.consistsofC.hasD.generates

illocutionarypointof_____istoexpressthepsychologicalstatespecifiedintheutterance.

A.representativesB.commissivesC.expressivesDdeclarations

GenerativeGrammarwasintroducedby_____in1957.

motivationoccurswhenthelearnerdesirestolearnasecondlanguagebecauseofthewishtoidentifywiththetargetculture.

A.InstrumentalB.FunctionalC.IntegrativeD.Social

differentwordsmayhavethesameorsimilarmeaning,thesamewordmayhavemorethanonemeaning.Thiskindofwordsarecalled_________.

A.polysemicwordsB.homographsC.homonymsD.synonyms

term_____linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangesovervariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.

A.synchronicB.diachronicC.comparativeD.historicalcomparative

acttheorywasoriginatedwiththeBritishphilosopher____inthelate50’softhe20thcentury.

thelinguisticstudyaimstolaydownrulesforcorrectandstandardbehaviorinusinglanguage,itissaidtobe_______.

A.descriptiveB.prescriptiveC.synchronicD.diachronic

thecaseofspit,theconsonant[p]issaidtobe_____.

A.aspiratedB.voicedC.unaspiratedD.unprounceable

theelement“-es”indicatesisthirdpersonsingular,presenttense,theelement“-ed”pasttense,and“-ing”progressiveaspect.Sincetheyarethesmallestunitsoflanguageandmeaningful,theyarealso_______.

A.phonemesB.phonesC.allophonesD.morphemes

areclassifiedintoseveralkinds.Thiskindtowhich‘girl’and‘lass’belongiscalled___synonyms.

A.stylisticB.dialectalC.emotiveD.collocational

aspeechcommunityPeoplehavesomethingincommon_____:

alanguageoraparticularvarietyoflanguageandrulesforusingit..

B.linguisticallyC.culturallyD.pragmatically

III.Trueoffalsejudgement（20%）

36.Theinteractionistviewholdsthatlanguagedevelopsasaresultofthecomplexinterplaybetweenthehumancharacteristicsofthechildandtheenvironmentinwhichthechilddevelops.

37.Acreoleissaidtobeformedwhenapidginhasbecometheprimarylanguageofaspeechcommunity,andisacquiredbythechildrenofthatspeechcommunityastheirnativelanguage.

38.Gardenpathsentenceisanawkwardsentencethatmisleadsthespeakersandtakesthemdownthegardenpathtoawrongdirection.

39.Aphonemeisthesmallestlinguisticunitofsoundthatcandistinguishtwowords.

40.Registerreferstothetypeofutterancewhichisselectedasappropriatetothetypeoftypology.

41.Phonologystudiesthefunctioningofthespeechsounds.

42.PredicationanalysiswasproposedbytheBritishlinguistJ.Searletoanalyzethemeaningofutterance.

43.Specifiershavebothspecialsemanticandsyntacticrolessincetheyhelpmakemoreprecisethemeaningoftheheadandmarkaphraseboundary.

44.Differentlanguageofferpeopledifferentwaysofexpressingtheworldaround,theythinkandspeakdifferently,thisisalsoknownaslinguisticrelativity.

45.Metacognitivestrategiesdealwiththewaysidelearnersinteractorcommunicatewithotherspeakers,nativeornon-native.

IV.Explainthefollowingnotionsbriefly（25%）

46.derivationalmorpheme

47.IPA（InternationalPhoneticAlphabet）

48.culturaltransmission

49.DeepStructurevs.SurfaceStructure

50.Thenamingtheory

V.Essayquestion（20%）

51.AccordingtoAustin,whatarethethreeactsapersonispossiblyperformingwhilemakinganutteranceGiveanexample.

部分参考答案（非官方答案，但大部分正确）：

C22.B24.B28.A

42.F43.T45.F