全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语新课标卷1卷精编版.docx

全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语新课标卷1卷精编版.docx

《全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语新课标卷1卷精编版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语新课标卷1卷精编版.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语新课标卷1卷精编版

2021年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（新课标卷1卷精编版）

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、阅读选择

YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?

JaneAddams（1860-1935）

AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addanshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity（社区）bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneedIn1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.

RachelCarson（1907-1964）

Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.

SandraDayO’Connor（1930-present）

WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator（参议员）and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.

RosaParks（1913-2005）

OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RasaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoapassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott（抵制）.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.

1．WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?

A．Hersocialwork.

B．Herteachingskills.

C．Hereffortsforaprize.

D．Hereducationalbackground.

2．WhatledtoO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?

A．Thepoorfinancialconditions.

B．Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.

C．Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.

D．Theunfairpracticeagainstwomen.

3．Whostartedthecivil-rightsmovementintheUS?

A．RosaParks.

B．JaneAddams.

C．RachelCarson.

D．SandraDayO’Connor.

4．Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?

A．Theyarehighlyeducated.

B．Theyaretrulypioneers.

C．Theyarerathercreative.

D．Theyarepeace-lovers.

GrandparentsAnsweraCall

Asathird－generationnativeofBrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverplannedtomoveaway.EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelpwiththeirchildren,shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.

NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertoadultchildrenandgrandchildren.Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.EvenPresidentObama’smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandmoveintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudyby,83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson'sdecisionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two－thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.

“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn'tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofGrand,amagazineforgrandparents.“Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportantitistobenearthem,especiallywhenyou’reraisingchildren.”

Movingisnotforeveryone.Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.

5．WhywasGarza’smoveasuccess?

A．Itstrengthenedherfamilyties.

B．Itimprovedherlivingconditions.

C．Itenabledhertomakemorefriends.

D．Ithelpedherknowmorenewplaces.

6．WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinson’sdecision?

A．17%expressedtheirsupportforit.

B．Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.

C．83%believedithadabadinfluence.

D．Themajoritythoughtitwasatrend.

7．WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?

A．Theywereunsureofthemselves.

B．Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.

C．Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents.

D．Theyhadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparents.

8．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelastparagraph?

A．Makedecisionsinthebestinterestsoftheirown.

B．Asktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothem.

C．Sacrificefortheirstrugglingchildren.

D．Gettoknowthemselvesbetter.

IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcourier.SinceMarch2012,I'vedone89tripsofthose,51havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells（干细胞）inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast,inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor（捐献者）tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost,SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.

IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:

“Well,I’mreallysorry,I’vegotsomebadnewsforyou-therearenofightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:

“Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient-please,please,you’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldformere-routed（改道）methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.

Forthiscourierjob,you’reconsciouslyawarethanthatboxyou’regotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.

9．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph1?

A．providerB．deliveryman

C．collectorD．medicaldoctor

10．WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?

A．Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.

B．Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.

C．Theoperationneedsthatverymuch.

D．Theicewon’tlastanylonger.

11．WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?

A．ToLondonB．ToNewark

C．ToProvidenceD．ToWashington

Themeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtful,ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,uneasiness,orworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap（间隙）withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingaperson'sneeds.

ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamongpeople,justassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Therefore,whenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimplied（暗示）isthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures,silenceisacallforreflection.

Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularlywhendealingwithconflictsamongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample,Russian,French,andSpanishpersonsmayusesilencetoshowagreementbetweenpartiesaboutthetopicunderdiscussion.However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersoninauthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.Instillanotheruse,personsinAsianculturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespect,particularlytoanelderorapersoninauthority.

Nursesandothercare-giversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemeaningsofsilencewhentheycomeacrossthepersonalanxietytheirpatientsmaybeexperiencing.Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient’ssilenceisnotinterruptedtooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.Anursewhounderstandsthehealing（治愈）valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.

12．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsilenceinconversations?

A．Itimpliesanger.

B．Itpromotesfriendship.

C．Itisculture-specific.

D．Itiscontent-based.

13．Whichofthefollowingpeoplemightregardsilenceasacallforcarefulthought?

A．TheChinese.

B．TheFrench.

C．TheMexicans.

D．TheRussians.

14．Whatdoestheauthoradvisenursestodoaboutsilence?

A．Letitcontinueasthepatientpleases.

B．Breakitwhiletreatingpatients.

C．Evaluateitsharmtopatients.

D．Makeuseofitshealingeffects.

15．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A．SoundandSilence

B．WhatItMeanstoBeSilent

C．SilencetoNativeAmericans

D．SpeechIsSilver;SilenceIsGold

二、七选五

Secretcodes（密码）keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.

Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.16．Codebreakingneverlags（落后）farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.

Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.17．Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”

18．Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”

A