IELTS writing 雅思写作.docx
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IELTSwriting雅思写作
FREEIELTSLESSON-THEACADEMICWRITINGTEST-TASK1
TheIELTSAcademicTask1Writingisnotaneasypartoftheexam.Describingagraphwellin20minutesisnotsomethingmostpeoplecandostraightawaywhethertheyareEnglishspeakersornot.Thefactthatitisinaforeignlanguageforyouaswelldoesn'thelp.Practiceisthemagicwordthough.EvengoodEnglishusersneedpracticewithIELTSpracticetestsanditcouldmeanallthedifferencebetweenpassandfail.Thereislimitedpracticeavailableandit'squiteexpensive.That'swhywewouldrecommendyoudownloadourIELTSpracticetests.Youwillgetmorepracticeforlessmoney.GototheHomePagetofindmoreinformationaboutourIELTSpracticetests.
TheTask
BasicallytheIELTSAcademicTask1Writingis aninformationtransfertaskrelatedtothefactualcontentofaninputtext(s),graph(s),table(s)ordiagram(s).Itcanbecombinationsoftheseinputs.Usuallyyouwillhavetodescribetheinformationgivenin1,2or3threeinputsbutsometimesyouhavewillhavetodescribeaprocessshowninadiagram.
MarkingfortheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing
TheIELTSAcademicTask1Writingwillbemarkedinfourareas.Youwillgetamarkfrom1to9onTaskAchievement,Coherence&Cohesion,LexicalResourceandGrammaticalRangeandAccuracy.Yourfinalbandfortask1willbeeffectivelyanaverageofthefourmarksawardedintheseareas.Task1writingislessimportantthantask2andtocalculatethefinalwritingmark,moreweightisassignedtothetask2markthantotask1'smark.TogetagoodoverallmarkforTheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing though,bothtaskshavetobewellansweredsodon'tholdbackontask1orgiveyourselftoolittletimetoansweritproperly.
TaskAchievementThiswhereyoucanreallymakeadifferencethroughcarefulpreparation.Thismarkgradesyouonbasically"haveyouansweredthequestion".Itmarkswhetheryouhavecoveredallrequirementsofthetasksuffientlyandwhetheryoupresented,highlightedandillustratethekeypointsappropriately.
CoherenceandCohesionThesetwoareinterrelatedwhichiswhytheyaredonetogether.Cohesionishowyourwritingfitstogether.Doesyourwritingwithitsideasandcontentflowlogically?
Coherenceishowyouaremakingyourselfunderstoodandwhetherthereaderofyourwritingunderstandswhatyouaresaying.Anexampleofbadcoherenceandcohesionwouldbeasfollows:
1.Wewenttothebeachbecauseitwasraining.
Probablythewriterofthissentencedoesnotmean"because"aspeopledon'tusuallygotothebeachwhenitisraining.Thewritershouldhavewritten:
2.Wewenttothebeachalthoughitwasraining.
Sentence1hasmadeacohesionandcoherenceerror(aswellasavocabularyone)."Because"doesnotjointheideasofthesentencetogethercorrectlyand,asaresult,thereaderdoesnotunderstandwhatthewriterwantstosay.ThisisanexaggeratedexamplebutitshowswhatImean.Goodcohesionandcoherenceisnotnoticeableasitallowsthewritingtobereadeasily.Goodcohesionandcoherencealsoincludesgoodandappropriateparagraphusage.
LexicalResourceThisarealooksattheyourchoiceofwords.Themarkerwilllookatwhethertherightwordsareusedandwhethertheyareusedattherighttimeintherightplaceandintherightway.Togetagoodmarkhere,thewordchoiceshouldnotonlybeaccuratebutwideranging,naturalandsophisticated.
GrammaticalRangeandAccuracyHeretheexaminerwillmarkyourappropriate,flexibleandaccurateuseofgrammaticalstructures.Manypeopleareworriedabouttheirgrammarbut,asyoucansee,grammarisonlyonesectionoffourusedtogradeyourwriting.IELTSismuchmoreinterestedincommunicationratherthangrammaticalaccuracy.Itis,ofcourse,stillpartofthemarkingschemeandimportantassuch.
ParagraphingfortheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing
Thisisaveryeasythingtodobutitcanhaveanenormouseffectontheintelligibilityofyourwritingand,ofcourse,gooduseofparagraphingispartofthemarkingunderthesectionCoherenceandCohesion.Veryoftenpeopleusenoparagraphingin TheIELTSAcademicTask1Writingandtheexaminerisfacedwitha"sea"ofwritingwithnobreaksfromstarttofinish.Forme,thebestwritingsarethosewherethereareparagraphsseparatedbyanemptylineandalsoindented.Inthiswayyourideasareseparatedclearly.Itshowsandgivesorganizationtoyourwritingandmakesitmorereadable.FortheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing,youshouldhaveaparagraphforyoursmallintroduction,aparagraphforeachgraphthatyouaredescribingandaparagraphforyourending.Ifthere'sonlyonegraphtobedescribed,thenyoushouldsplityourwritinginto2ormaybe3paragraphsfortheonegraph.MakesureyoupractiseonrelevantquestionsfromIELTSpracticetests,sothatyouexperiencedatdealingwiththisissue.
Foralongersectiononparagraphingandhowusefulitcanbe,seeAcademicWritingTask2Tutorial.
ScalesfortheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing
WhatImeanbythescaleiswhetherthegraphsaremarkedinhundreds,thousands,millions,pounds,dollars(US,Canadian,Australian,NewZealand,etc.),kilograms,tons,metres,kilometres,percentandsoon.It'simportantforyoutomakeclearwhatyournumbersmeanforanaccuratereportofthegraph.Don'tjustsaythatsomethingcosts1000forinstance.Sayitcosts1000USdollars.Youcaneitherspecifythescalesatthestartinyourintroductionsothereaderknowsitforthewholereportoryoucanusethescaleeachtimeyouquoteadetailinthereport.
WritingtheTaskforTheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing
TheIntroduction
Youdon'tneedmuchhere.Youonlyhave150wordstofullyanswerthequestionandthisisnotmuch.So,youneed1or2sentencesdescribingthefollowing:
∙Thetype(s)ofgraphyouaredescribing
∙Thetitlesofthegraph(s)
∙Thedateofthegraph(s)
∙Thescale(seetheparagraphabove)
Youmightnothaveallthisinformationbutyoushouldreportwhatyoudohave.So,forexample,yourbeginningcouldlooklikethis:
InthisreportIamgoingtodescribe2graphs.ThefirstoneisabarchartshowingtherelationshipbetweenageandcrimeandthesecondisapiechartshowingthetypesofreportedcrimeintheUKin2002.
(ThisexamplegivesanintroductiontotheAcademicWritingTask1inTest3from.)
DescribingGraphsforTheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing
Whatyouneedtodohereisfactuallydescribethegraphs.Youdon'tneedtoanalysethedata,Forexampleyoudon'tneedtogivereasonsforwhyfiguresarehighorlow.Sometimes,whenthereismorethan1graph,thereisarelationshipbetweenthetwoandyoucanbringinsomecomparisonbutmorethanthisisnotnecessary.Inthesameway,nospecialisedknowledgeofyourownisneededorwantednoryouropinions.
Rememberthefunctionofmanygraphsistodescribeatrendsobesurethatyoudescribethetrends.Atrendishowvalueschangegenerallyovertimeanditisimportanttodescribethechangesalongwithsomeoftheindividualvalues.Wewilllookattrendsabitlaterunderlinegraphs.
OneimportantissuewithTheIELTSAcademicTask1Writingishowmuchdetailtoincludeinyourreport.Thisdependsreallyonhowmuchdetailthereisinthequestion.Ifthereisonly1graphanditdoesn'thavemuchnumericaldatainit,thenyouwillbeexpectedtoincludeallornearlyallofthenumericaldetail.If,however,youhave2graphs,bothofwhichareverycomplicatedwithlotsofvalues,youwillnotbeexpectedtoincludeeverythingasyouonlyhave150wordstodothejob.Whatyouwillhavetodoistoincludeaselectionofwhatyoufeelisthemostimportantandsignificantdetailthatneedstobeincludedtoaccuratelydescribethegraph.WithpracticefromgoodIELTSpracticetests,youwillimproveatincludingallthenecessarydetailwiththerightamountofwords.
Youmustalwayshavesomenumericaldetailthough.
Nowlet'slookindividuallyatthetypesofgraphthatyouarelikelytomeetintheexamandhowtodescribethem.
BarChartsforTheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing柱状图写作
Hopefullyyouwillhavedescribedthetitleofthebarchartinyourintroductionsoyoucangostraightintothedescription.Basically,withabarchart,youneedtodescribethebarsandtheirvalues.Whendescribingabarchartyoufirsthavetodecideinwhatordertodescribethebars,highestvaluetolowestvalueorlowestvaluetohighestvalue.Itmaybeamixtureofthis.Ifthereareverymanybars,youcansometimesgrouptogetherfordescription1or2or3barswhichhavesimilarorthesamevalues.Ifthereareverymanyandyoucan'tgroupthem,thenjustdescribetheonesthatarethemostsignificant.
PieChartsforTheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing饼状图写作
Piechartsarerelativelystraightforwardastheyonlyusuallyhaveafewsectionsthoughthisisnotalwaysthecase.Youneedtodescribethesegmentsandtheirvalues.Ifthereareverymanythenjustdescribetheonesthatarethemostsignificant.Thevaluesareoftenexpressedinpercentagesbutnotalwayssobecarefulwhatscaleyouareusing.
TablesforTheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing表格写作
Thesecansometimesbetrickyastheyprovidealotofinformationanditisoftenawkwardanddifficulttodescribeeverypieceofinformation.Youhavetodecideanddescribethevaluesandsectionsthatarethemostsignificant.
LineGraphsforTheIELTSAcademicTask1Writing线状图写作
ThefunctionofalinegraphistodescribeaTRENDpictorially.Youthereforeshouldtryanddescribethetrendinit.Iftherearemanylinesinthegraph(s),thenjustgenerallydescribethetrend.Ifthereisonlyoneortwo,then