非谓语动词解题思路.docx
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非谓语动词解题思路
非谓语动词解题思路
非谓语动词是高中语法的重点,也是难点,学生常常对此感到头疼。
其实只要理解并掌握非谓语动词各种形式的特点,做起题来会很轻松。
我们先来看看非谓语动词的各种变化形式。
熟悉知道了非谓语动词形式后,做题时可分四步分析。
一、分析句子结构
1.________manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.
2.________manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.
A.Havingbeentold B.Told
C.Hewastold D.Thoughhehadbeentold
3.________totheleft,you'llfindthepostoffice.
4.Ifyou________totheleft,you'llfindthepostoffice.
5.________totheleft,andyou'llfindthepostoffice.
A.Turning B.Toturn C.Turn D.Turned
分析:
句1.用连词but引导并列句子,因此,前面也是个独立句子成分,故选C。
句2.句中用逗号隔开,且无连词引导,因此,前面不是句子结构,只是句子的一个成分,故选A,用非谓语动词作状语。
句3.同句2,选A。
句4.前面用if引导从句,故选C,构成从句谓语。
句5.同句1,选C。
二、分析逻辑主语
确定要选非谓语动词之后,第二步要分析其逻辑主语。
非谓语动词虽不能作谓语,但仍具有动词特点,其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。
非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。
若不一致,则须加上自己的逻辑主语。
1.________nobuses,wehavetowalkhome.
A.Therebeing B.Itwere C.Therewere D.Itbeing
2.______SundayIshallhaveaquietdayathome.
分析:
句1.表示“没有公共汽车”,应用“therebe”结构,即逻辑主语是“there”,故选A。
句2.同理选D。
三、分析语态
分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后,分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。
1.______fromspace,theearthlooksblue.
2.______fromspace,wecanseetheearthisblue.
A.Seen B.Seeing C.Tosee D.See
这两个题选项中的非谓语动词都没有加自己的逻辑主语,因此其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
分析:
句1.“地球”被“看起来”,表被动,故选A,用过去分词表被动。
句2.我们“主动看……”即表主动,故选B。
3.Thedirtyclothes______,thegirlhungthemupoutside.
4.______thedirtyclothes,thegirlhungthemupoutside.
A.waswashed B.washed C.werewashed D.havingwashed
分析:
句3.前面应用非谓语动词作句子的状语,逻辑主语是“thedirtyclothes”,和动词搭配表示“衣服被洗”,故选B。
句4.逻辑主语为句子的主语“thegirl”,表示“女孩洗衣服”,为主动关系,故选D。
四、分析时态,在选定了主动或被动后,还要考虑动作发生的时间问题,即时态。
1.Thebuilding______nowwillbearestaurant.
2.Thebuilding______nextyearwillbearestaurant.
3.Thebuilding______lastyearisarestaurant.
A.havingbeenbuilt B.tobebuilt
C.beingbuilt D.built?
句1中now说明大楼正在被修,故用进行式,选C。
句2中nextyear说明大楼将在明年被修,故用表将来的不定式,选B。
句3中lastyear说明大楼已被修,但不能选,因为现在分词的完成式不能作定语,故用过去分词,选D。
又如:
1.Hestoodthere______forhismother.
2.______fortwohours,hewentaway.
A.waiting B.towait C.waited D.Havingwaited
句1表示“站在那等”,两个动词同时发生,故选A作伴随状语。
句2表示已经等了两个小时,发生在谓语动词“wentaway”之前,故用完成式,选D。
需要注意的是,非谓语动词的否定也是常考的项目,要认清否定形式,非谓语动词的否定都应将not放在前面。
如:
Whatisthereasonfor______there?
A.notyourgoing B.notyourgo C.yournotgoing D.younottogo?
巩固练习:
1.______won'tbeofmuchhelp.
A.Tom'sgoing B.Tomgoing C.Tomtogo D.Tomgoes
2.Theymanaged_____themeetingroombeforetheguestsarrived.
A.finishingtoclean B.finishingcleaning
C.tofinishcleaning D.tofinishtoclean?
3.Wemustfindaroombigenough_____.
A.forallofustolive B.forallofustolivein
C.toliveinallofus D.ofallofustolive
4._____ateacher,Ishouldsetagoodexampletostudents.
A.Being B.Havingbeen C.Tobe D.AsIbeing
5._____ateacher,onemustfirstbetheirpupil.
A.Being B.Havingbeen?
C.Tobe D.Tohavebeen
6.Itwasstupid_____youradvice.
A.formenottotake B.formenottaking
C.ofmenottotake D.ofmenottaking
7.Theteachertoldhimtospeaklouder_____by,everybody.
A.soastobeheard B.soastohear
C.inorderthatheard D.inordertohear?
8.Theysuggested_____thesportsmeettillnextTuesday.
A.ustoputoff B.ourputtingoff
C.usofputtingoff D.ourputoff
9.Thedoctorgavemesomemedicine,_____threetimesadaybeforemeals.
A.totake B.tobetaking C.tobetaken D.Itookit
10.Thankingthemfortheirkindness,hesaidthattheoldladyreallyappreciated_____bythem.
A.visiting B.visited?
C.tobevisited D.beingvisited
11._____madeherparentsveryangry.
A.Jane'sengagingBlack B.Jane'sbeingengagedtoBlack
C.JanehavingengagedtoBlack D.JanehasengagedtoBlack
12.Don'tyouthinkitanygood_____inpublicplaces?
A.forbiddingsmoking B.toforbidsmoking
C.toforbidtosmoke D.forbiddingtosmoke
13.Chinaisa_____countryandweshouldintroduce_____scienceandtechnologyfromthe_____countries.
A.developed;advanced;developed B.developing;advanced;developed
C.developing;advancing;developing D.developed;advancing;developing
14._____,theworkcanbedonemuchbetter.
A.Givenmoretime B.Wehadbeengivenmoretime
C.Moretimegiven D.Ifmoretimehadgiven
15._____fromspace,theearth,withwater_____seventypercentofitssurface,lookslikea"blueball".
A.Seen;covered B.Seeing;covering
C.Seeing;covered D.Seen;covering
16.Peoplealwaysshakehandswitheachotherwhen_____.
A.tointroduce B.introduce C.introduced D.introducing
17._____,tearsrandownherpaleface.
A.Nowordsaid B.Saynoword?
C.Notsayingaword D.Withoutsayingaword?
18.Tigers_____meat-eatinganimals,_____meat.
A.belongedto;fedon B.belongingto;feedon
C.werebelongedto;feedon D.belongingto;feedingon
19.Wemusttakemeasurestopreventourearth_____.
A.tobepolluted B.frompolluting
C.frombeingpolluted D.frompolluted
20.Asthestonewastooheavytomove,Ileftit_____ontheground.
A.laying B.lay C.lying D.lain.
答案:
20.C19.C18.A17.A16.C15.D14.C13.B12.B11.B10.D9.C8.B7.A6.C5.C4.A3.B2.C1.A
非谓语动词基础训练1
I.
1.Hewasinlowspiritsandevenconsider_____(go)away.(going)
2.Practise_____(put)yourhandtoground.(putting)
3.Ican’thelp______(have)thetriptoBritain.(having)
4.Don’ttellmeyoualwaysescape_____(fine)becauseyouhaveafastsportscar.(beingfined)
5.Leaveoff______(bite)yournails!
(biting)
6.Hedidn’tfeellike______(work),sohesuggested_____(spend)thedayinthegarden.(working,spending)
7.Youcertainlymustn’tmiss_______(see)thewonderfulfilm.(seeing)
8.Thedoctoradvised______(stay)longerinhospital.(staying)
9.Weappreciateyour______(want)______(help)usinourdifficulties.(wantingtohelp)
10.Michaelhasdelayed______(write)tohertilltoday.(writing)
11.Thelawforbids______(sell)liquortochildren.(selling)
12.Theyallsuggested______(give)morechances.(giving)
13.Canyouimagine______(leave)standingoutsideforawholenight.(leaving)
14.Theybuiltthebankstopreventtheareafrom______(flood).(beingflooded)
II.
1.Iusedtoseetheseboys____(play)ontheplayground.(Play)
2.Isawthem_____(play)thecomputerthisafternoon.(playing)
3.Shewassurprisedtofindthehouse_____(break)intowhenshewentbackhome.(broken)
4.Unfortunately,hegothiswallet_____(steal)onthebus.(stolen)
5.Hewon’thaveus_____(criticize)him.(criticize)
6.It’sabadhabittoleavethework______(undo).(undone)
7.YesterdayIcaughthim_____(take)mydictionarywhenIwentintothe
classroom.(Taking)
III.
1.Doyouknowtheman_____(speak)atthemeeting?
(speaking)
2.Doyouknowtheman_____(praise)atthemeeting?
(praised)
3.Thebuilding_____(put)upjustnowisourlibrary.(put)
4.Thebuilding_____(put)upnowwillbeournewcompany.(beingput)
5.Thebuilding_____(put)upnextyearwillbeournewcompany.(tobeput)
6.Therewasanoldtemple_____(stand)atthetopofthehill.(standing)
7.Thereisasportsmeeting_____(hold)nextTuesday.(tobeheld)
8.Therewasanoldman______(live)inthevillage.(living)
IV.
1._____(see)thosepicture,hecouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedaysinYan’an.(Seeing)
2._____(turn)round,Fannyfoundanambulancedrivingup.(Turning)
3_____(water)thevegetables,theybegantopickuptheapples.(Havingwatered)
4._____(finish)thework,hewentbackhomeonfoot.(Havingfinished)
5._____(inspire)byDr.Chen’sspeech,theydecidedtostudymathsharder.(Inspired)
6._____(persuade)byhermother,shegladlywenttherealone.(Persuaded)
7.Warmly_____(praise)forhiswork,hewastooexcitedtofallasleep.(praised)
8._____(surround),theenemyfoundnowheretohideandhadtogiveup.(Surrounded)
9.Once_____(arm),weareafraidofnothing.(armed)
10.While_____(cross)thestreet,lookoutforcars.(crossing)
11.While_____(criticize),shecried.(criticized)
12.Shecameearlierthan_____(expect).(expected)
13.Everythinggoeswellas_____(plan).(planned)
14.____(give)moretime,wearesuretodoitbetter.(Given)
非谓语动词基础训练2
1.____howtodothehomework,Iwenttoaskmyteacherforhelp.
A.Nottoknow B.Notknowing C.Knowingnot D.Notknown
2.Deeply________,Ithankedheragainandagain.
A.beingmoving B.moved C.moving D.tobemoved
3.Withwinter______ on,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.
A.came B.comes C.come D.coming
4._____theoffice,theforeignvisitorswereshownroundtheteachingbuilding.
A.Havingshown B.Showing C.Hasshown D.Havingbeenshown
5.Hewentfromdoortodoor,______wastepapersandmagazines.
A.gathering B.gathered C.gather D.beinggathered
6.Thestudentcorrectedhispapercarefully,____theprofessor'ssuggestions.
A.